输入N, 打印 N*N 螺旋矩阵
比如 N = 3,打印:
1 2 3
8 9 4
7 6 5
N = 4,打印:
1 2 3 4
12 13 14 5
11 16 15 6
10 9 8 7
常规法是不断的对数据边界进行判断会很复杂,不妨考虑通过递归的解决每一层的数字。
n = int(raw_input('>'))
#初始化数组
arr = [[0]*n for i in range(n)]
#递归解决
def dfs(arr, x, y, start, n):
if n<=0:return 0
if n==1:
arr[x][y] = start
return 0
#up
for i in range(n):
arr[x][y+i] = start
start += 1
#right
for i in range(n-1):
arr[x+1+i][y+n-1] = start
start += 1
#down
for i in range(n-1):
arr[x+n-1][y+n-2-i] = start
start += 1
#left
for i in range(n-2):
arr[x+n-2-i][y] = start
start += 1
dfs(arr,x+1,y+1,start,n-2)
a = dfs(arr,0,0,1,n)
#格式化输出print
l = len(str(n*n))+1
format = ('%'+str(l)+'d')*n
for tmp in arr:
print format%tuple(tmp)
derek@ubuntu:~/Desktop/python-learn/aril$ python circle2.py
>5
1 2 3 4 5
16 17 18 19 6
15 24 25 20 7
14 23 22 21 8
13 12 11 10 9
derek@ubuntu:~/Desktop/python-learn/aril$ python circle2.py
>15
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 16
55 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 70 17
54 103 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 116 71 18
53 102 143 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 154 117 72 19
52 101 142 175 200 201 202 203 204 205 184 155 118 73 20
51 100 141 174 199 216 217 218 219 206 185 156 119 74 21
50 99 140 173 198 215 224 225 220 207 186 157 120 75 22
49 98 139 172 197 214 223 222 221 208 187 158 121 76 23
48 97 138 171 196 213 212 211 210 209 188 159 122 77 24
47 96 137 170 195 194 193 192 191 190 189 160 123 78 25
46 95 136 169 168 167 166 165 164 163 162 161 124 79 26
45 94 135 134 133 132 131 130 129 128 127 126 125 80 27
44 93 92 91 90 89 88 87 86 85 84 83 82 81 28
43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29