SSM框架实现简单的增删改查

2023-11-16

引言

在中软国际实习的第三天，培训老师要求我们整合出SSM框架实现简单的增删改查，我参考某篇博文链接完成了用户的增删改除，故发此博文以供后来者参考。

开发工具

IntelliJ IDEA Ultimate 2018.2.2
Apache-tomcat-7.0.94
JDK 1.8.0_121
MySQL 5.5
Maven 3.6.0

工程架构

IDEA+Maven构建框架

1. 新建Maven项目：
点击File -> New -> Project -> Maven -> 勾选 Create from archetype -> 选择 maven-archetype-webapp (注意：此处不要错选成上面的cocoom-22-archetype-webapp)
在这里插入图片描述
在弹出的new project 选项卡中填写GroupId和Artifactid，其中GroupID是项目组织唯一的标识符，实际对应JAVA的包的结构，是main目录里java的目录结构，ArtifactID是项目的唯一的标识符，实际对应项目的名称，就是项目根目录的名称。对于入门练习，这两项可以随意填写。
在这里插入图片描述
之后点击next 选择Maven版本（其中IDEA 专业版自带Maven，也可以选择自己下载的maven）。之后填写项目名称和项目地址，完成后点击Finish，完成项目骨架的创建。

2. 在新建的项目中添加所需要的文件/文件夹
创建之后的项目如图所示，我们需要在这之上新建一些目录，在项目的根目录下新建target文件夹，系统自动将其设置为“Excluded” 。在src/main目录下新建Directory：“java”，并将其设置为“Source Root”（即：此项目默认的代码文件源目录）

在刚才新建的java文件下新建“com”包，再在com包下新建四个包，分别命名为：bean,service,dao,controller。（如果出现下图中所示的包名重叠的情况，可以点击图中所示的图标，将“Hide empty middle package取消掉”）。

bean: 存放自定义的java类。如：paper类，user类，book类等，每个类的属性设为private，并提供public属性的getter/setter方法让外界访问

**service：**定义接口，包含系统所提供的功能。（之后还会在service包下再新建impl包）。

**dao：**定义接口，包含与数据库进行交互的功能。

在resource包下新建Directory：“mapper”（用于存放xxxMapper.xml文件），新建文件：“db.properties”（mysql数据库配置文件）,”log4j.properties”（日志输出配置文件）,”applicationContext”（mybatis框架配置文件）。

在web-inf目录下新建“jsp”包，存放xxx.jsp显示界面。
补充之后的项目目录如下图所示，至此项目骨架搭建完毕，开始写代码实现增删改查功能。

编码实现

在这之前要对项目的pom.xml文件进行配置，在此文件中配置项目所需要的jar包。

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.wuli</groupId>
  <artifactId>ssm0628</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>ssm0628 Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    <!-- spring版本号 -->
    <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
    <!-- mybatis版本号 -->
    <mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>
    <!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 -->
    <slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
    <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
    <c3p0.version>0.9.5.2</c3p0.version>
    <taglibs.version>1.1.2</taglibs.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <!-- spring核心包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- mybatis核心包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- mybatis/spring包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 导入java ee jar 包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax</groupId>
      <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
      <version>7.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 导入Mysql数据库链接jar包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.30</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 导入dbcp的jar包，用来在applicationContext.xml中配置数据库 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- JSTL标签类 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>jstl</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 日志文件管理包 -->
    <!-- log start -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
      <!--suppress UnresolvedMavenProperty -->
      <version>${log4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>


    <!-- 数据连接池 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
      <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
      <version>${c3p0.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
      <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
      <version>${taglibs.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
      <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
      <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 导入servlet-api/jsp -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp/javax.servlet.jsp-api -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.3.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>ssm0628</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

本项目所用的数据库为MySQL5.5 使用可视化工具sqllog建表如下：
在这里插入图片描述
Java代码：
1.在bean包中新建Userinfo

public class Userinfo {
    private int id;
    private  String username;
    private  int password;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public int getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(int password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Userinfo{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", password=" + password +
                '}';
    }
}

在service包中新建接口 IUserService：

import com.wuli.bean.Userinfo;

import java.util.List;

public interface IUserService {
    int addUser(Userinfo userinfo);
    int updateUser(Userinfo userinfo);
    int deleteUser(long id);
    Userinfo findByid(long id);
    public List<Userinfo> findAll();
}

在service包下新建impl包，并在此包中新建UserServiceImpl.java


@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService {

    @Autowired
    IUserDao userDao;

    @Override
    public int addUser(Userinfo userinfo){
        return userDao.addUser(userinfo);
    }

    @Override
    public int deleteUser(long id){
        return userDao.deleteUser(id);
    }

    @Override
    public int updateUser(Userinfo userinfo){
        return userDao.updateUser(userinfo);
    }

    @Override
    public Userinfo findByid(long id){
        return userDao.findByid(id);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Userinfo> findAll() {
        return userDao.findAll();
    }
}

在dao包中新建接口 IUserDao.java

public interface IUserDao {

    int addUser(Userinfo userinfo);

    int deleteUser(long id);

    int updateUser(Userinfo userinfo);

    Userinfo findByid(long id);

    public List<Userinfo> findAll();

}

在controller包中新建 UserController.java


@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

    @Autowired
    private IUserService userService;

    @RequestMapping("/findAll.do")
    public ModelAndView finnALL(){
        List<Userinfo> userinfos = userService.findAll();
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        mv.addObject("ui",userinfos);
        mv.setViewName("allUser");
        return mv;
    }

    @RequestMapping("/toAddUser.do")
        public ModelAndView toAddUser(){
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        mv.setViewName("addUser");
        return mv;
        }

    @RequestMapping("/addUser.do")
        public ModelAndView addUser(Userinfo userinfo){
        userService.addUser(userinfo);
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        mv.setViewName("redirect:/user/findAll.do");
        return mv;
    }

    @RequestMapping("/delete.do")
    public String deleteUser(long id){
        userService.deleteUser(id);
        return "redirect:/user/findAll.do";
    }

    @RequestMapping("toUpdate.do")
    public String toUpdateUser(Model model,long id){
        model.addAttribute("userinfo",userService.findByid(id));
        return "updateUser";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/updateUser.do")
    public String updateUser(Model model,Userinfo userinfo){
        userService.updateUser(userinfo);
        userinfo = userService.findByid(userinfo.getId());
        model.addAttribute("userinfo",userinfo);
        return "redirect:/user/findAll.do";
    }
}

在resource/mapper包下新建 UserMapper.xml（mybatis框架mapper代理开发配置文件）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.wuli.dao.IUserDao">

    <select id="findAll" resultType="com.wuli.bean.Userinfo">
        select * from userinfo
    </select>

    <select id="findByid" resultType="com.wuli.bean.Userinfo" parameterType="long">
        SELECT id,username,password
        FROM userinfo
        WHERE id = #{id}
    </select>

    <update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.wuli.bean.Userinfo">
        UPDATE userinfo
        SET username = #{username},password = #{password}
        WHERE  id = #{id}
    </update>

    <delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="long">
        DELETE FROM userinfo WHERE id = #{id}
    </delete>

    <insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.wuli.bean.Userinfo">
        INSERT INTO userinfo(id,username,password) VALUE (#{id},#{username}, #{password})
    </insert>


</mapper>

在resource包下分别新建配置文件：spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">

    <!-- 1.注解扫描位置-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.wuli.controller" />

    <!-- 2.配置映射处理和适配器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/>
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"/>

    <!-- 3.视图的解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/jsp/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>
</beans>

在db.properties文件中配置mysql数据库（这里的数据库名、表名，用户名，密码一定要记得修改！！！）。

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/user?useSSL=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=老婆万岁

在log4j.properties文件中配置日志设定

# Global logging configuration
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout
# Console output...
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n

在applicationContext.xml文件中配置mybtis框架

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">
    <!-- 1.配置数据库相关参数properties的属性：${url} -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>

    <!-- 2.配置数据源 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="2"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!-- 扫描bean包 使用别名 -->
        <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.wuli.bean"></property>

        <!--配置加载映射文件 UserMapper.xml-->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/>

    </bean>

    <!-- 自动生成dao,mapper-->
    <!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口，注入到spring容器中 -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.wuli.dao"/>
        <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
    </bean>



    <!--自动扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.wuli"/>


    <!-- 配置事务-->
    <!-- 5.配置事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 6.开启事务注解-->
    <tx:annotation-driven></tx:annotation-driven>

</beans>

修改index.jsp文件

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
         pageEncoding="UTF-8" isELIgnored="false"%>
<html>
<body>
<h2>欢迎使用SSM增删改除框架</h2>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/findAll.do">查询所有用户</a>
</body>
</html>

在WEB-INF/jsp包下分别新建addUser.jsp、allUser.jsp、updateUser.jsp

addUser.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
         pageEncoding="UTF-8" isELIgnored="false"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>

<html>
<head>
    <title>新增用户</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    基于SSM框架的管理系统：简单实现增、删、改、查。
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>新增用户</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/addUser.do"
              method="post">
        用&nbsp;&nbsp;户&nbsp;&nbsp;id：<input type="text" name="id"><br><br><br>
        用户姓名：<input type="text" name="username"><br><br><br>
        用户密码：<input type="text" name="password"><br><br><br>
        <input type="submit" value="添加" >
    </form>

</div>

allUser.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
         pageEncoding="UTF-8" isELIgnored="false"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>

<html>
<head>
    <title>user列表</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    基于SSM框架的管理系统：简单实现增、删、改、查。
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>用户列表 —— 显示所有用户</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-4 column">
            <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/toAddUser.do">新增</a>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <table class="table table-hover table-striped">
                <thead>
                <tr>
                    <th>id</th>
                    <th>用户名</th>
                    <th>密码</th>
                    <th>操作</th>
                </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                <c:forEach items="${ui}" var="userInfo">
                    <tr>
                        <td>${userInfo.id}</td>
                        <td>${userInfo.username}</td>
                        <td>${userInfo.password}</td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/toUpdate.do?id=${userInfo.id}">更改</a> |
                            <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/delete.do?id=${userInfo.id}">删除</a>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                </c:forEach>
                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

updateUser.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
         pageEncoding="UTF-8" isELIgnored="false"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>修改用户</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    基于SSM框架的管理系统：简单实现增、删、改、查。
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>修改用户</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/updateUser.do"
          method="post">
        <input type="hidden" name="id" value="${userinfo.id}"/>
        用户姓名：<input type="text" name="username" value="${userinfo.username}"/>
        用户密码：<input type="text" name="password" value="${userinfo.password}"/>
        <input type="submit" value="提交" />
    </form>
</div>

利用tomcat进行项目部署

IDEA配置tomcat：
点击上方的 Run 选项，选择Edit Configuration

选择default -> tomcat -> local 选择下载安装到本地的tomcat服务器的地址
在这里插入图片描述
切换到Deployment选项页点击 + 号选择 Arctifact，添加项目名:war exploded 打包。

Run即可。

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