linux3.4.2内核移植详解（四）：部分错误汇总

编译内核出现：
arch/arm/mm/tlb-v4wbi.S: Assembler messages:
arch/arm/mm/tlb-v4wbi.S:64: Error: too many positional arguments
scripts/Makefile.build:343: recipe for target ‘arch/arm/mm/tlb-v4wbi.o’ failed
make[1]: *** [arch/arm/mm/tlb-v4wbi.o] Error 1
Makefile:945: recipe for target ‘arch/arm/mm’ failed
make: *** [arch/arm/mm] Error 2
原因：交叉编译工具链太老，安装新的交叉编译工具

启动内核时，开发板上出现：
Verifying Checksum … Bad Data CRC
原因：烧进开发板的内核大于内核分区，部分代码丢失，校验失败
解决：修改分区大小
修改之后有2种方法使得修改生效：
手动：在开发板命令行输入：mtdparts default
自动：在uboot下，进入vim lib_arm/board.c
run_command(“mtdparts default”, 0); //添加此处代码
for (;? {
main_loop();
}

启动内核时：
Uncompressing Linux… done, booting the kernel 后面一堆乱码
解决：set bootargs ‘console=ttySAC0,115200’

接着出现：
VFS: Cannot open root device “(null)” or unknown-block(0,0): error -6
Please append a correct “root=” boot option; here are the available partitions:
1f00 256 mtdblock0 (driver?)
1f01 128 mtdblock1 (driver?)
1f02 8192 mtdblock2 (driver?)
1f03 253568 mtdblock3 (driver?)
Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)
Backtrace:
原因：内核默认不支持yaffs2文件系统，而我挂接的是yaffs2文件系统
解决：使用yaffs2源码给内核打补丁，配置内核支持yaffs2
File systems —>

            Miscellaneous  filesystems  --->

                  <*>  YAFFS2  file  system  support

                   [*]  Autoselect  yaffs2  format

编译busybox出错：
/usr/local/arm/4.3.2/bin/…/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libc/usr/include/linux/netfilter.h:44: error: field ‘in’ has incomplete type
/usr/local/arm/4.3.2/bin/…/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libc/usr/include/linux/netfilter.h:45: error: field ‘in6’ has incomplete type
ipsvd/tcpudp.c: In function ‘tcpudpsvd_main’:
ipsvd/tcpudp.c:314: warning: ignoring return value of ‘write’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result
scripts/Makefile.build:192: recipe for target ‘ipsvd/tcpudp.o’ failed
make[1]: *** [ipsvd/tcpudp.o] Error 1
Makefile:701: recipe for target ‘ipsvd’ failed
make: *** [ipsvd] Error 2
解决办法：
usr/local/arm/4.3.2/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libc/usr/include/linux/netfilter.h 头文件的开头，添加缺少的头文件： #include <netinet/in.h>

编译内核出现的问题： error while loading shared libraries: libz.so.1: wrong ELF class: ELFCLASS
原因：Ubuntu16 64位使用32位交叉编译工具链时需要一些 32 位库
解决：apt-get install lib32ncurses5 ​
apt-get install lib32z1​
如出现无法定位软件包的情况：
sudo apt-get install lib32z1 lib32ncurses5 libbz2-1.0:i386 lib32stdc++6

编译busybox：
Makefile:405: *** mixed implicit and normal rules: deprecated syntax
Makefile:1242: *** mixed implicit and normal rules: deprecated syntax
make: *** No rule to make target ‘menuconfig’。 停止。
解决：修改Makefile的405行和1242行

编译busybox：
/work/make_system/busybox-1.20.0/scripts/gcc-version.sh: 行 11: arm-linux-gcc: 未找到命令
CC applets/applets.o
/bin/sh: 1: arm-linux-gcc: not found
scripts/Makefile.build:197: recipe for target ‘applets/applets.o’ failed
make[1]: *** [applets/applets.o] Error 127
Makefile:371: recipe for target ‘applets_dir’ failed
make: *** [applets_dir] Error 2
解决：打开顶层Makefile：
添加CROSS_COMPILE ?=/work/tools/opt/FriendlyARM/toolschain/4.4.3/bin/arm-linux-

编译busybox前：
Linux System Utilities—>nsenter，去掉该选项
Coreutils—>sync选项去掉

启动linux系统：
—[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: Requested init /linuxrc failed (error -2).
random: nonblocking pool is initialized
原因：可能是内核版本、编译器、busybox版本不匹配

编译内核：
Can’t use ‘defined(@array)’ (Maybe you should just omit the defined()?) at kernel/timeconst.pl line 373.
/work/trans_system/linux-3.4.2/kernel/Makefile:129: recipe for target ‘kernel/timeconst.h’ failed
make[1]: *** [kernel/timeconst.h] Error 255
Makefile:945: recipe for target ‘kernel’ failed
make: *** [kernel] Error 2
解决：if (!defined(@val)) {
@val = compute_values(KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '}' at position 10: hz); }̲ 改为 if (…hz);
}

安装busybox：
/usr/local/arm/4.3.2/bin/arm-linux-gcc: 第 3 行: exec: arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc-4.3.2: 未找到
CC applets/applets.o
/usr/local/arm/4.3.2/bin/arm-linux-gcc: 第 3 行: exec: arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc-4.3.2: 未找到
scripts/Makefile.build:197: recipe for target ‘applets/applets.o’ failed
make[1]: *** [applets/applets.o] Error 127
Makefile:371: recipe for target ‘applets_dir’ failed
make: *** [applets_dir] Error 2
解决：
修改/usr/local/arm/4.3.2/bin/arm-linux-gcc:
#!/bin/bash
exec arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc -march=armv4t $*
改为
#!/bin/bash
exec /usr/local/arm/4.3.2/bin/arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc-4.3.2 -march=armv4t $*

启动内核：
Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init! exitcode=0x00000004
没有选中 EABI选项
解决：
Kernel Features —>
[*] Use the ARM EABI to compile the kernel