原理：

Halcon模板匹配的方法

模板匹配的流程

基于形状的模板匹配的思路

读取图像，转灰度图

dev_close_window()
dev_open_window (0, 0, 512, 512, 'black', WindowHandle)
read_image (Image20230323165851, 'F:/halcon/halconStudy/联想截图_20230323165851.png')
rgb1_to_gray (Image20230323165851, GrayImage)

阈值分割

threshold (GrayImage, Regions, 12, 142)

划分区域

connection (Regions, ConnectedRegions)

特征直方图形状选择：

connection (Regions, ConnectedRegions)

填充圆形的区域,并膨胀

fill_up (SelectedRegions, RegionFillUp)
dilation_circle (RegionFillUp, RegionDilation, 3.5)

1. 根据区域抠图的算子：
   

reduce_domain (GrayImage, RegionDilation, ImageReduced)

1. 创建模板
   
   

create_scaled_shape_model (ImageReduced, 'auto', rad(-45), rad(90), 'auto', 0.8, 1, 'auto', 'auto', 'ignore_local_polarity', 'auto', 'auto', ModelID)

获取模板轮廓

get_shape_model_contours (ModelContours, ModelID, 1)

1. 使用仿射变换调整模板的位置

模板初始位置是（0，0），需要调整到图片中的相应位置上

area_center (ImageReduced, Area, Row, Column)
vector_angle_to_rigid (0, 0, 0, Row, Column, 0, HomMat2D)
affine_trans_contour_xld (ModelContours, ContoursAffinTrans, HomMat2D)

可以看到，模板和原图中的位置是一一匹配的

dev_display (GrayImage)

4. 匹配图像

读取待匹配的图像

read_image (Image20230323174832, 'F:/halcon/halconStudy/联想截图_20230323174832.png')
rgb1_to_gray (Image20230323174832, GrayImage1)

1. 调用寻找模板的算子

find_scaled_shape_model (GrayImage1, ModelID, rad(-45), rad(90),0.8, 1, 0.5, 0, 0.5, 'least_squares', 5, 0.9, Row1, Column1, Angle, Scale, Score)

1. 再使用变换，调整模板位置。。

    hom_mat2d_identity (HomMat2DIdentity)
    hom_mat2d_translate (HomMat2DIdentity, Row1[index],Column1[index], HomMat2DTranslate)
    hom_mat2d_rotate (HomMat2DTranslate, Angle1[index], Row1[index],Column1[index], HomMat2DRotate)
    hom_mat2d_scale (HomMat2DRotate, Scale1[index], Scale1[index], Row1[index], Column1[index], HomMat2DScale)
    affine_trans_contour_xld (ModelContours, ContoursAffinTrans2, HomMat2DScale)

匹配的有问题。。。

dev_close_window()
dev_open_window (0, 0, 512, 512, 'black', WindowHandle)
read_image (Image20230323165851, 'F:/halcon/halconStudy/联想截图_20230323165851.png')
rgb1_to_gray (Image20230323165851, GrayImage)
threshold (GrayImage, Regions, 12, 142)
select_shape (ConnectedRegions, SelectedRegions, 'row', 'and', 168.35, 194.04)
connection (Regions, ConnectedRegions)
fill_up (SelectedRegions, RegionFillUp)
dilation_circle (RegionFillUp, RegionDilation, 3.5)
reduce_domain (GrayImage, RegionDilation, ImageReduced)
create_scaled_shape_model (ImageReduced, 'auto', rad(-45), rad(90), 'auto', 0.8, 1, 'auto', 'auto', 'ignore_local_polarity', 'auto', 'auto', ModelID)
get_shape_model_contours (ModelContours, ModelID, 1)

area_center (ImageReduced, Area, Row, Column)
vector_angle_to_rigid (0, 0, 0, Row, Column, 0, HomMat2D)
affine_trans_contour_xld (ModelContours, ContoursAffinTrans, HomMat2D)

dev_display (GrayImage)

read_image (Image20230323174832, 'F:/halcon/halconStudy/联想截图_20230323174832.png')
rgb1_to_gray (Image20230323174832, GrayImage1)

find_scaled_shape_model (GrayImage1, ModelID, rad(-45), rad(90), 0.8, 1, 0.5, 0, 0.5, 'least_squares', 5, 0.9, Row1, Column1, Angle1, Scale1, Score1)
for index:= 0 to |Score1|-1 by 1
    hom_mat2d_identity (HomMat2DIdentity)
    hom_mat2d_translate (HomMat2DIdentity, Row1[index],Column1[index], HomMat2DTranslate)
    hom_mat2d_rotate (HomMat2DTranslate, Angle1[index], Row1[index],Column1[index], HomMat2DRotate)
    hom_mat2d_scale (HomMat2DRotate, Scale1[index], Scale1[index], Row1[index], Column1[index], HomMat2DScale)
    affine_trans_contour_xld (ModelContours, ContoursAffinTrans2, HomMat2DScale)
    dev_display (ContoursAffinTrans2)
endfor