linux上编写的一个简单的C++共享内存程序：分段错误

#include <stdio.h> 
#include <sys/shm.h> 
#include <sys/stat.h> 
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

struct LOCK {
  string name;
  string type;
  vector <string> pids;
};

int main () 

{

  int segment_id; 

  LOCK* shared_memory; 

  struct shmid_ds shmbuffer; 

  int segment_size; 

  const int shared_segment_size = 0x6400; 



  /* Allocate a shared memory segment.  */ 

  segment_id = shmget (IPC_PRIVATE, shared_segment_size, 

                     IPC_CREAT | IPC_EXCL | S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR); 

  /* Attach the shared memory segment.  */ 

  shared_memory = (LOCK*) shmat (segment_id, 0, 0); 

  printf ("shared memory attached at address %p\n", shared_memory); 

  /* Determine the segment's size. */ 

  shmctl (segment_id, IPC_STAT, &shmbuffer); 

  segment_size  =               shmbuffer.shm_segsz; 

  printf ("segment size: %d\n", segment_size); 

  /* Write a string to the shared memory segment.  */ 

  //sprintf (shared_memory, "Hello, world."); 
  shared_memory -> name = "task 1";
  shared_memory -> type = "read";
  (shared_memory -> pids).push_back("12345");
  (shared_memory -> pids).push_back("67890");

  /* Detach the shared memory segment.  */ 

  shmdt (shared_memory); 



  /* Reattach the shared memory segment, at a different address.  */ 

  shared_memory = (LOCK*) shmat (segment_id, (void*) 0x5000000, 0); 

  printf ("shared memory reattached at address %p\n", shared_memory); 

  /* Print out the string from shared memory.  */ 

  //printf ("%s\n", shared_memory -> name); 
  cout << "Name of the shared memory: " + shared_memory -> name << endl;

  /* Detach the shared memory segment.  */ 

  shmdt (shared_memory); 



  /* Deallocate the shared memory segment.  */ 

  shmctl (segment_id, IPC_RMID, 0); 



  return 0; 

} 

我从共享内存教程中获得了代码。它一直有效，直到我定义了 struct LOCK 并尝试将 LOCK 而不是 char* 写入共享内存。

有人可以帮我找出导致分段错误的问题吗？

您正在放置vectors and strings 到共享内存中。这两个类都分配自己的内存，这些内存将在生成分配的任何进程的地址空间内分配，并且在从其他进程访问时会产生段错误。您可以尝试指定分配器来使用该共享内存，但由于在 C++03 中分配器被假定为无状态，所以我不确定这是否可能。

考虑看看 Boost.Interprocess 是如何做到的。