- 我现实生活中的用例是合并嵌套范围。
我画了一些草图，然后我看到了堆栈 PUSH 和 POP 操作的开始和结束范围之间的相似之处。我明白解决了这个问题也就解决了原来的问题。
- The op实际上可以从问题中删除列。当 val 为 NULL 时，则为 POP 操作，否则为 PUSH 操作。
谜题
一张桌子，堆栈跟踪，包含以下列：
e.g.
（NULL 值在这里表示为空格）
data:
i op val
-- -- --
1 I A
2 I B
3 O
4 I C
5 O
6 O
所需结果：
i top_of_stack_val
-- ----------------
1 A
2 B
3 A
4 C
5 A
6
要求
- 解决方案应该是单个 SQL 查询（子查询就可以）。
- 仅允许使用以下子句：SELECT, FROM, WHERE, GROUP BY, HAVING, ORDER BY.
- 指某东西的用途WITH子句（CTE - 通用表表达式）不允许.
- T-SQL、PL/SQL等的使用不允许.
- UDF（用户定义函数）的使用不允许.
- 变量的使用不允许.
样本数据
create table stack_trace
(
i int
,op char(1)
,val char(1)
)
;
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (1,'I','A');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (2,'I','B');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (3,'I','C');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (4,'I','D');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (5,'I','E');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (6,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (7,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (8,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (9,'I','F');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (10,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (11,'I','G');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (12,'I','H');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (13,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (14,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (15,'I','I');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (16,'I','J');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (17,'I','K');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (18,'I','L');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (19,'I','M');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (20,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (21,'I','N');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (22,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (23,'I','O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (24,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (25,'I','P');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (26,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (27,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (28,'I','Q');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (29,'I','R');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (30,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (31,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (32,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (33,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (34,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (35,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (36,'I','S');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (37,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (38,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (39,'I','T');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (40,'I','U');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (41,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (42,'I','V');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (43,'I','W');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (44,'I','X');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (45,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (46,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (47,'I','Y');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (48,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (49,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op,val) values (50,'I','Z');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (51,'O');
insert into stack_trace (i,op) values (52,'O');
所需结果
i top_of_stack_val
-- ----------------
1 A
2 B
3 C
4 D
5 E
6 D
7 C
8 B
9 F
10 B
11 G
12 H
13 G
14 B
15 I
16 J
17 K
18 L
19 M
20 L
21 N
22 L
23 O
24 L
25 P
26 L
27 K
28 Q
29 R
30 Q
31 K
32 J
33 I
34 B
35 A
36 S
37 A
38
39 T
40 U
41 T
42 V
43 W
44 X
45 W
46 V
47 Y
48 V
49 T
50 Z
51 T
52
