我想显示如下图所示的图像（复制自here) 在 matplotlib 中
但我想标记每种颜色并将它们放在侧面的图例上，请问有什么办法吗？
我想只有在矩阵中的所有值不是太多的情况下才有意义。因此，我们假设矩阵中有 8 个不同的值。然后，我们可以为每个人创建相应颜色的代理艺术家，并将它们放入像这样的图例中
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.patches as mpatches
import numpy as np
# create some data
data = np.random.randint(0, 8, (5,5))
# get the unique values from data
# i.e. a sorted list of all values in data
values = np.unique(data.ravel())
plt.figure(figsize=(8,4))
im = plt.imshow(data, interpolation='none')
# get the colors of the values, according to the
# colormap used by imshow
colors = [ im.cmap(im.norm(value)) for value in values]
# create a patch (proxy artist) for every color
patches = [ mpatches.Patch(color=colors[i], label="Level {l}".format(l=values[i]) ) for i in range(len(values)) ]
# put those patched as legend-handles into the legend
plt.legend(handles=patches, bbox_to_anchor=(1.05, 1), loc=2, borderaxespad=0. )
plt.grid(True)
plt.show()
