我正在使用 matplotlib 库制作一个绘图并在我的 wxPython GUI 中显示它。我正在绘制来自激光雷达仪器的大量数据点。问题是，我想在该图中绘制矩形来指示有趣的区域。但是，当我在与绘图相同的轴上绘制一个矩形时，整个绘图将被重新绘制，这需要花费大量时间。这是因为 self.canvas.draw() 是一个重新绘制所有内容的函数。
代码在 GUI 中显示如下：
GUI 的打印屏幕 https://i.stack.imgur.com/uvzPo.png
这是该问题的一个最小的工作示例。按住鼠标右键可以绘制矩形。一旦使用左侧的按钮绘制 NetCDF 数据，矩形的绘制就会变得非常慢。我使用 ImportanceOfBeingErnest 提供的示例尝试了一些 blitting 的操作，但经过多次尝试，我仍然无法让它工作。
为了使最小工作示例工作，您必须在plot_Data()函数下指定NetCDF文件的路径。我提供了 NetCDF 文件，可以在此处下载：
下载NetCDF文件 https://wetransfer.com/downloads/9b81c54c7eadfccec369e61da99ca1e120180308090343/c1580885a301f27b841c5f690d25662b20180308090343/922a84
如何在 onselect 函数中将 self.square 传输到 self.canvas ？
import netCDF4 as nc
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('WXAgg')
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wxagg import FigureCanvasWxAgg as FigureCanvas
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.colors as colors
import matplotlib.widgets
import time
import wx
class rightPanel(wx.Panel):
def __init__(self, parent):
wx.Panel.__init__(self, parent, style=wx.SUNKEN_BORDER)
self.initiate_Matplotlib_Plot_Canvas()
self.add_Matplotlib_Widgets()
def initiate_Matplotlib_Plot_Canvas(self):
self.figure = Figure()
self.axes = self.figure.add_subplot(111)
self.colorbar = None
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self, -1, self.figure)
self.sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
self.sizer.Add(self.canvas, proportion=1, flag=wx.ALL | wx.GROW)
self.SetSizer(self.sizer)
self.Fit()
self.canvas.draw()
def add_Matplotlib_Widgets(self):
self.rectangleSelector = matplotlib.widgets.RectangleSelector(self.axes, self.onselect,
drawtype="box", useblit=True,
button=[3], interactive=False
)
def onselect(self, eclick, erelease):
tstart = time.time()
x1, y1 = eclick.xdata, eclick.ydata
x2, y2 = erelease.xdata, erelease.ydata
height = y2-y1
width = x2-x1
self.square = matplotlib.patches.Rectangle((x1,y1), width,
height, angle=0.0, edgecolor='red',
fill=False
#blit=True gives Unknown property blit
)
self.axes.add_patch(self.square)
self.canvas.draw()
# =============================================================================
# self.background = self.canvas.copy_from_bbox(self.axes.bbox)
#
#
# self.canvas.restore_region(self.background)
#
# self.axes.draw_artist(self.square)
#
# self.canvas.blit(self.axes.bbox)
# =============================================================================
tend = time.time()
print("Took " + str(tend-tstart) + " sec")
def plot_Data(self):
"""This function gets called by the leftPanel onUpdatePlot. This updates
the plot to the set variables from the widgets"""
path = "C:\\Users\\TEST_DATA\\cesar_uvlidar_backscatter_la1_t30s_v1.0_20100501.nc"
nc_data = self.NetCDF_READ(path)
print("plotting......")
vmin_value = 10**2
vmax_value = 10**-5
combo_value = nc_data['perp_beta']
self.axes.clear()
plot_object = self.axes.pcolormesh(combo_value.T, cmap='rainbow',
norm=colors.LogNorm(vmin=vmin_value, vmax=vmax_value))
self.axes.set_title("Insert title here")
if self.colorbar is None:
self.colorbar = self.figure.colorbar(plot_object)
else:
self.colorbar.update_normal(plot_object)
self.colorbar.update_normal(plot_object)
print('canvas draw..............')
self.canvas.draw()
print("plotting succesfull")
###############################################################################
###############################################################################
"""BELOW HERE IS JUST DATA MANAGEMENT AND FRAME/PANEL INIT"""
###############################################################################
###############################################################################
def NetCDF_READ(self, path):
in_nc = nc.Dataset(path)
list_of_keys = in_nc.variables.keys()
nc_data = {} #Create an empty dictionary to store NetCDF variables
for item in list_of_keys:
variable_shape = in_nc.variables[item].shape
variable_dimensions = len(variable_shape)
if variable_dimensions > 1:
nc_data[item] = in_nc.variables[item][...] #Adding netCDF variables to dictonary
return nc_data
class leftPanel(wx.Panel):
def __init__(self, parent, mainPanel):
wx.Panel.__init__(self, parent)
button = wx.Button(self, -1, label="PRESS TO PLOT")
button.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.onButton)
self.mainPanel = mainPanel
def onButton(self, event):
self.mainPanel.rightPanel.plot_Data()
class MainPanel(wx.Panel):
def __init__(self, parent):
"""Initializing the mainPanel. This class is called by the frame."""
wx.Panel.__init__(self, parent)
self.SetBackgroundColour('red')
"""Acquire the width and height of the monitor"""
width, height = wx.GetDisplaySize()
"""Split mainpanel into two sections"""
self.vSplitter = wx.SplitterWindow(self, size=(width,(height-100)))
self.leftPanel = leftPanel(self.vSplitter, self)
self.rightPanel = rightPanel(self.vSplitter)
self.vSplitter.SplitVertically(self.leftPanel, self.rightPanel,102)
class UV_Lidar(wx.Frame):
"""Uppermost class. This class contains everything and calls everything.
It is the container around the mainClass, which on its turn is the container around
the leftPanel class and the rightPanel class. This class generates the menubar, menu items,
toolbar and toolbar items"""
def __init__(self, parent, id):
print("UV-lidar> Initializing GUI...")
wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, id, 'UV-lidar application')
self.Bind(wx.EVT_CLOSE, self.OnCloseWindow)
self.mainPanel = MainPanel(self)
def OnCloseWindow(self, event):
self.Destroy()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = wx.App()
frame = UV_Lidar(parent=None, id=-1)
frame.Show()
print("UV-lidar> ")
print("UV-lidar> Initializing GUI OK")
app.MainLoop()
