如何将特定状态按组与R中的ggplot2中的一个标签合并在一起？

2023-12-26

我想绘制美国的电网地图，所以我需要将特定的州合并在一起。我想为这些状态绘制边界，但它不起作用。每组也只有一个标签。这是我的数据：[https://iastate.box.com/s/12xru62lvmbbkrohsn7b4wwexq11umn7] 这是我的代码：

# Join and arrange
 states <- us_map(exclude = c("AK", "HI"))
 states_data <- left_join(states, myinput, by = c("abbr" = "region")) |> 
 arrange(emission, growth, group, order)

ggplot(states_data, aes(x, y, fill = value, group = group, subgroup = grid)) +
geom_polygon()+
scale_fill_continuous(low = "white", high = "red", name = "Ele gen (EJ)", label = 
scales::comma) +
facet_grid(emission~growth) +
coord_equal() +
ggthemes::theme_map() +
theme(legend.position = "bottom")+
geom_text(aes(x, y, label = grid),size = 5,family = "serif",
        data = states_data, vjust = 1.2, nudge_y = -100000,check_overlap = T)+
geom_polygon(aes(color = "Border", group=grid),fill = NA,color = "black")

And this the output which is not what I have in my mid:

I want to plot these regions (plus borders to specify because I can't show them with different color)

data

structure(list(region = c("AL", "AR", "AZ", "CA", "CO", "CT", 
"DC", "DE", "FL", "GA", "IA", "ID", "IL", "IN", "KS", "KY", "LA", 
"MA", "MD", "ME", "MI", "MN", "MO", "MS", "MT", "NC", "ND", "NE", 
"NH", "NJ", "NM", "NV", "NY", "OH", "OK", "OR", "PA", "RI", "SC", 
"SD", "TN", "TX", "UT", "VA", "VT", "WA", "WI", "WV", "WY", "AL", 
"AR", "AZ", "CA", "CO", "CT", "DC", "DE", "FL", "GA", "IA", "ID", 
"IL", "IN", "KS", "KY", "LA", "MA", "MD", "ME", "MI", "MN", "MO", 
"MS", "MT", "NC", "ND", "NE", "NH", "NJ", "NM", "NV", "NY", "OH", 
"OK", "OR", "PA", "RI", "SC", "SD", "TN", "TX", "UT", "VA", "VT", 
"WA", "WI", "WV", "WY", "AL", "AR", "AZ", "CA", "CO", "CT", "DC", 
"DE", "FL", "GA", "IA", "ID", "IL", "IN", "KS", "KY", "LA", "MA", 
"MD", "ME", "MI", "MN", "MO", "MS", "MT", "NC", "ND", "NE", "NH", 
"NJ", "NM", "NV", "NY", "OH", "OK", "OR", "PA", "RI", "SC", "SD", 
"TN", "TX", "UT", "VA", "VT", "WA", "WI", "WV", "WY", "AL", "AR", 
"AZ", "CA", "CO", "CT", "DC", "DE", "FL", "GA", "IA", "ID", "IL", 
"IN", "KS", "KY", "LA", "MA", "MD", "ME", "MI", "MN", "MO", "MS", 
"MT", "NC", "ND", "NE", "NH", "NJ", "NM", "NV", "NY", "OH", "OK", 
"OR", "PA", "RI", "SC", "SD", "TN", "TX", "UT", "VA", "VT", "WA", 
"WI", "WV", "WY"), value = c(6.22256321333333, 6.22256321333333, 
2.20794523906666, 1.49034165333333, 2.20794523906666, 0.826546816817333, 
2.61905459786667, 2.61905459786667, 1.65110329, 6.22256321333333, 
1.59528739166667, 3.0363665376, 3.13763399333332, 3.865420576, 
0.790624669333333, 3.865420576, 6.22256321333333, 0.826546816817333, 
2.61905459786667, 0.826546816817333, 3.865420576, 1.59528739166667, 
3.13763399333332, 6.22256321333333, 3.0363665376, 6.22256321333333, 
1.59528739166667, 1.59528739166667, 0.826546816817333, 2.61905459786667, 
2.20794523906666, 3.0363665376, 1.21040939333333, 3.865420576, 
0.790624669333333, 3.0363665376, 2.61905459786667, 0.826546816817333, 
6.22256321333333, 1.59528739166667, 6.22256321333333, 3.50149982333333, 
3.0363665376, 6.22256321333333, 0.826546816817333, 3.0363665376, 
3.13763399333332, 3.865420576, 2.20794523906666, 6.58823506033333, 
6.58823506033333, 2.33729970666667, 1.35043392, 2.33729970666667, 
0.7918773089276, 2.64941819863333, 2.64941819863333, 1.84968858666667, 
6.58823506033333, 1.69423596966667, 2.82831107136667, 3.22375391666666, 
4.14114214399999, 0.816646300333333, 4.14114214399999, 6.58823506033333, 
0.7918773089276, 2.64941819863333, 0.7918773089276, 4.14114214399999, 
1.69423596966667, 3.22375391666666, 6.58823506033333, 2.82831107136667, 
6.58823506033333, 1.69423596966667, 1.69423596966667, 0.7918773089276, 
2.64941819863333, 2.33729970666667, 2.82831107136667, 1.15469864333333, 
4.14114214399999, 0.816646300333333, 2.82831107136667, 2.64941819863333, 
0.7918773089276, 6.58823506033333, 1.69423596966667, 6.58823506033333, 
3.66557223, 2.82831107136667, 6.58823506033333, 0.7918773089276, 
2.82831107136667, 3.22375391666666, 4.14114214399999, 2.33729970666667, 
6.72966092166666, 6.72966092166666, 2.3737108016, 1.58503659, 
2.3737108016, 0.884016546345666, 2.8041352651, 2.8041352651, 
1.73653393333333, 6.72966092166666, 1.73917558366667, 3.23410557176666, 
3.34795298333333, 4.19485727566666, 0.859289106, 4.19485727566666, 
6.72966092166666, 0.884016546345666, 2.8041352651, 0.884016546345666, 
4.19485727566666, 1.73917558366667, 3.34795298333333, 6.72966092166666, 
3.23410557176666, 6.72966092166666, 1.73917558366667, 1.73917558366667, 
0.884016546345666, 2.8041352651, 2.3737108016, 3.23410557176666, 
1.28265139333333, 4.19485727566666, 0.859289106, 3.23410557176666, 
2.8041352651, 0.884016546345666, 6.72966092166666, 1.73917558366667, 
6.72966092166666, 3.79724887666667, 3.23410557176666, 6.72966092166666, 
0.884016546345666, 3.23410557176666, 3.34795298333333, 4.19485727566666, 
2.3737108016, 6.58823506033333, 6.58823506033333, 2.33729970666667, 
1.35043392, 2.33729970666667, 0.7918773089276, 2.64941819863333, 
2.64941819863333, 1.84968858666667, 6.58823506033333, 1.69423596966667, 
2.82831107136667, 3.22375391666666, 4.14114214399999, 0.816646300333333, 
4.14114214399999, 6.58823506033333, 0.7918773089276, 2.64941819863333, 
0.7918773089276, 4.14114214399999, 1.69423596966667, 3.22375391666666, 
6.58823506033333, 2.82831107136667, 6.58823506033333, 1.69423596966667, 
1.69423596966667, 0.7918773089276, 2.64941819863333, 2.33729970666667, 
2.82831107136667, 1.15469864333333, 4.14114214399999, 0.816646300333333, 
2.82831107136667, 2.64941819863333, 0.7918773089276, 6.58823506033333, 
1.69423596966667, 6.58823506033333, 3.66557223, 2.82831107136667, 
6.58823506033333, 0.7918773089276, 2.82831107136667, 3.22375391666666, 
4.14114214399999, 2.33729970666667), grid = c("Southeast grid", 
"Southeast grid", "Southwest grid", "California grid", "Southwest grid", 
"New England grid", "Mid-Atlantic grid", "Mid-Atlantic grid", 
"Florida grid", "Southeast grid", "Central Northwest grid", "Northwest grid", 
"Central Northeast grid", "Central East grid", "Central Southwest grid", 
"Central East grid", "Southeast grid", "New England grid", "Mid-Atlantic grid", 
"New England grid", "Central East grid", "Central Northwest grid", 
"Central Northeast grid", "Southeast grid", "Northwest grid", 
"Southeast grid", "Central Northwest grid", "Central Northwest grid", 
"New England grid", "Mid-Atlantic grid", "Southwest grid", "Northwest grid", 
"New York grid", "Central East grid", "Central Southwest grid", 
"Northwest grid", "Mid-Atlantic grid", "New England grid", "Southeast grid", 
"Central Northwest grid", "Southeast grid", "Texas grid", "Northwest grid", 
"Southeast grid", "New England grid", "Northwest grid", "Central Northeast grid", 
"Central East grid", "Southwest grid", "Southeast grid", "Southeast grid", 
"Southwest grid", "California grid", "Southwest grid", "New England grid", 
"Mid-Atlantic grid", "Mid-Atlantic grid", "Florida grid", "Southeast grid", 
"Central Northwest grid", "Northwest grid", "Central Northeast grid", 
"Central East grid", "Central Southwest grid", "Central East grid", 
"Southeast grid", "New England grid", "Mid-Atlantic grid", "New England grid", 
"Central East grid", "Central Northwest grid", "Central Northeast grid", 
"Southeast grid", "Northwest grid", "Southeast grid", "Central Northwest grid", 
"Central Northwest grid", "New England grid", "Mid-Atlantic grid", 
"Southwest grid", "Northwest grid", "New York grid", "Central East grid", 
"Central Southwest grid", "Northwest grid", "Mid-Atlantic grid", 
"New England grid", "Southeast grid", "Central Northwest grid", 
"Southeast grid", "Texas grid", "Northwest grid", "Southeast grid", 
"New England grid", "Northwest grid", "Central Northeast grid", 
"Central East grid", "Southwest grid", "Southeast grid", "Southeast grid", 
"Southwest grid", "California grid", "Southwest grid", "New England grid", 
"Mid-Atlantic grid", "Mid-Atlantic grid", "Florida grid", "Southeast grid", 
"Central Northwest grid", "Northwest grid", "Central Northeast grid", 
"Central East grid", "Central Southwest grid", "Central East grid", 
"Southeast grid", "New England grid", "Mid-Atlantic grid", "New England grid", 
"Central East grid", "Central Northwest grid", "Central Northeast grid", 
"Southeast grid", "Northwest grid", "Southeast grid", "Central Northwest grid", 
"Central Northwest grid", "New England grid", "Mid-Atlantic grid", 
"Southwest grid", "Northwest grid", "New York grid", "Central East grid", 
"Central Southwest grid", "Northwest grid", "Mid-Atlantic grid", 
"New England grid", "Southeast grid", "Central Northwest grid", 
"Southeast grid", "Texas grid", "Northwest grid", "Southeast grid", 
"New England grid", "Northwest grid", "Central Northeast grid", 
"Central East grid", "Southwest grid", "Southeast grid", "Southeast grid", 
"Southwest grid", "California grid", "Southwest grid", "New England grid", 
"Mid-Atlantic grid", "Mid-Atlantic grid", "Florida grid", "Southeast grid", 
"Central Northwest grid", "Northwest grid", "Central Northeast grid", 
"Central East grid", "Central Southwest grid", "Central East grid", 
"Southeast grid", "New England grid", "Mid-Atlantic grid", "New England grid", 
"Central East grid", "Central Northwest grid", "Central Northeast grid", 
"Southeast grid", "Northwest grid", "Southeast grid", "Central Northwest grid", 
"Central Northwest grid", "New England grid", "Mid-Atlantic grid", 
"Southwest grid", "Northwest grid", "New York grid", "Central East grid", 
"Central Southwest grid", "Northwest grid", "Mid-Atlantic grid", 
"New England grid", "Southeast grid", "Central Northwest grid", 
"Southeast grid", "Texas grid", "Northwest grid", "Southeast grid", 
"New England grid", "Northwest grid", "Central Northeast grid", 
"Central East grid", "Southwest grid"), emission = c("Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", 
"Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", 
"Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", 
"Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", 
"Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", 
"Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", 
"Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", 
"Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", 
"Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", 
"Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", "Low Emission", 
"Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", 
"Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", 
"Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", 
"Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", 
"Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", 
"Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", 
"Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", 
"Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", 
"Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference", 
"Reference", "Reference", "Reference", "Reference"), growth = c("Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", "Low Population/GDP", 
"Low Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", 
"High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP", "High Population/GDP"
)), class = c("tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame"), row.names = c(NA, 
-196L))

您将需要使用 shapefiles/简单特征 [sf] 对象而不仅仅是数据框。

usmap 包是一个高级包，旨在方便地生成标准美国地图。它不附带 shapefile，但包含实际数据帧中的多边形数据（由包提供）美国地图数据。该包不支持自定义状态合并。

合并数据框中的多边形并非不可能，但并不容易。它还将重新发明轮子，因为顺丰包就是为了这样的事情而建造的。但它仅适用于 shapefile / sf 对象。

好消息，美国在 R 世界中并不是一个不受欢迎的国家，并且还有其他包含美国地图数据的 R 包，例如USAboundaries，带有 shapefile。

sf包允许你合并（这里这个过程称为unionise) 轻松绘制多边形，例如并进行简单的总结。（见下文）。

然后你可以使用ggplot2自己的geom_sf对于联合多边形和geom_sf_text or geom_sf_label对于标签。

代码中的进一步注释。

library(tidyverse)
## use for example this for US shapefile maps
library(USAboundaries)
## you will need the sf package for some stuff
library(sf)

# my_data <- ... from your question above

states <- us_states()
states <- states[!states$name %in% c("Alaska", "Hawaii"),]
##remove arrange
states_data <- left_join(states, my_data, by = c("state_abbr" = "region" )) %>%
## there is an NA value that needs removal
drop_na(grid)

## this is to unionise the polygons
custom_grids <- 
  states_data %>%
## group by all the variables that occur in the facets
  group_by(grid, emission, growth) %>%
  summarise(value = mean(value))

## you can now plot the unionised polygon sf object with geom_sf and geom_sf_text for labels
ggplot(custom_grids) +
  geom_sf(aes(fill = value)) +
  geom_sf_text(aes(label = grid), check_overlap = T)+
  scale_fill_viridis_c() +
  facet_grid(emission~growth)

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