我的任务是创建一个直方图,输出某个元素在列表中出现的次数。
Input:[2;2;2;3;4;4;1]
Output[(2, 3); (2, 2); (2, 1); (3, 1); (4, 2); (4, 1); (1, 1)]
Expected output : [(2, 3); (3, 1); (4, 2); (1, 1)]
My code:
let rec count a ls = match ls with
|[] -> 0
|x::xs when x=a -> 1 + count a xs
|_::xs -> count a xs
let rec count a = function
|[] -> 0
|x::xs when x=a -> 1 + count a xs
|_::xs -> count a xs
let rec histo l = match l with
|[] -> []
|x :: xs -> [(x, count x l)] @ histo xs ;;
我做错了什么?
问题是 xs 可能包含等于 x 的元素。这就是您在输出中看到的内容:(2,3) 表示列表中有 3 乘以 2; xs 则等于 [2;2;3;4;4;1]... 等等。
另外(不影响结论):您有 2 个计数定义,但它们是相同的。
要实现直方图,请使用 Hashtbl :
let h = Hashtbl.create 1000;;
List.iter (fun x -> let c = try Hashtbl.find h x with Not_found -> 0 in Hashtbl.replace h x (c+1)) your_list;;
Hashtbl.fold (fun x y acc -> (x,y)::acc) h [];;
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