如何使用 SURF 特征（Python OpenCV ）匹配和对齐两个图像？

我使用以下代码来匹配两个图像的冲浪特征，但无法裁剪和对齐图像。

原始图像、旋转图像和匹配图像如下。

我想像原始图像一样拉直旋转的图像并裁剪直对齐的图像。我尝试过几何变换但未能对齐图像。

import numpy
import cv2

############### Image Matching ###############


def match_images(img1, img2):
    """Given two images, returns the matches"""
    detector = cv2.SURF(400, 5, 5)
    matcher = cv2.BFMatcher(cv2.NORM_L2)

    kp1, desc1 = detector.detectAndCompute(img1, None)
    kp2, desc2 = detector.detectAndCompute(img2, None)

    raw_matches = matcher.knnMatch(desc1, trainDescriptors = desc2, k = 2) 
    kp_pairs = filter_matches(kp1, kp2, raw_matches)
    return kp_pairs

def filter_matches(kp1, kp2, matches, ratio = 0.75):
    mkp1, mkp2 = [], []
    for m in matches:
        if len(m) == 2 and m[0].distance < m[1].distance * ratio:
            m = m[0]
            mkp1.append( kp1[m.queryIdx] )
            mkp2.append( kp2[m.trainIdx] )
    kp_pairs = zip(mkp1, mkp2)
    return kp_pairs

############### Match Diplaying ###############

def explore_match(win, img1, img2, kp_pairs, status = None, H = None):
    h1, w1 = img1.shape[:2]
    h2, w2 = img2.shape[:2]
    vis = numpy.zeros((max(h1, h2), w1+w2), numpy.uint8)
    vis[:h1, :w1] = img1
    vis[:h2, w1:w1+w2] = img2
    vis = cv2.cvtColor(vis, cv2.COLOR_GRAY2BGR)

    if H is not None:
        corners = numpy.float32([[0, 0], [w1, 0], [w1, h1], [0, h1]])
        corners = numpy.int32( cv2.perspectiveTransform(corners.reshape(1, -1, 2), H).reshape(-1, 2) + (w1, 0) )
        cv2.polylines(vis, [corners], True, (255, 255, 255))

    if status is None:
        status = numpy.ones(len(kp_pairs), numpy.bool_)
    p1 = numpy.int32([kpp[0].pt for kpp in kp_pairs])
    p2 = numpy.int32([kpp[1].pt for kpp in kp_pairs]) + (w1, 0)

    green = (0, 255, 0)
    red = (0, 0, 255)
    white = (255, 255, 255)
    kp_color = (51, 103, 236)
    for (x1, y1), (x2, y2), inlier in zip(p1, p2, status):
        if inlier:
            col = green
            cv2.circle(vis, (x1, y1), 2, col, -1)
            cv2.circle(vis, (x2, y2), 2, col, -1)
        else:
            col = red
            r = 2
            thickness = 3
            cv2.line(vis, (x1-r, y1-r), (x1+r, y1+r), col, thickness)
            cv2.line(vis, (x1-r, y1+r), (x1+r, y1-r), col, thickness)
            cv2.line(vis, (x2-r, y2-r), (x2+r, y2+r), col, thickness)
            cv2.line(vis, (x2-r, y2+r), (x2+r, y2-r), col, thickness)
    vis0 = vis.copy()
    for (x1, y1), (x2, y2), inlier in zip(p1, p2, status):
        if inlier:
            cv2.line(vis, (x1, y1), (x2, y2), green)
    cv2.imshow(win, vis)   
    cv2.waitKey(0)
    cv2.destroyAllWindows()


def draw_matches(window_name, kp_pairs, img1, img2):
    """Draws the matches for """
    mkp1, mkp2 = zip(*kp_pairs)

    p1 = numpy.float32([kp.pt for kp in mkp1])
    p2 = numpy.float32([kp.pt for kp in mkp2])

    if len(kp_pairs) >= 4:
        H, status = cv2.findHomography(p1, p2, cv2.RANSAC, 5.0)
    else:
        H, status = None, None
    if len(p1):
        explore_match(window_name, img1, img2, kp_pairs, status, H)

############### Test ###############

img1 = cv2.imread('orig.jpg', 0)
img2 = cv2.imread('rota.jpg', 0)
cv2.imshow('REAL',img1)
cv2.imshow('Rotated',img2)
#img_1= cv2.resize(img1,(500,600))
#img_2= cv2.resize(img2,(500,600))
kp_pairs = match_images(img1, img2)
if kp_pairs:
    draw_matches('Matching Features', kp_pairs, img1, img2)    
else:
    print "No matches found"

也许您想要如下结果。

在场景中找到匹配项：

裁剪对象：

环境：Python 3.5 + OpenCV 3.3

以下是从场景 (img2) 中裁剪对象 (img1) 的示例代码。

##  Crop the matched region from scene
h,w = img1.shape[:2]
pts = np.float32([ [0,0],[0,h-1],[w-1,h-1],[w-1,0] ]).reshape(-1,1,2)
dst = cv2.perspectiveTransform(pts,M)
perspectiveM = cv2.getPerspectiveTransform(np.float32(dst),pts)
found = cv2.warpPerspective(img2,perspectiveM,(w,h))
cv2.imwrite("found.png", found)

完整代码和我的另一个答案中的描述：

如何使用 Flann 匹配之间的关系来确定合理的单应性？ https://stackoverflow.com/questions/48205993/how-do-i-use-the-relationships-between-flann-matches-to-determine-a-sensible-hom/48207339#48207339