背景
可以使用以下方法将 RecyclerView 捕捉到其中心：
LinearSnapHelper().attachToRecyclerView(recyclerView)
Example:
MainActivity.kt
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
val inflater = LayoutInflater.from(this)
recyclerView.adapter = object : RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerView.ViewHolder>() {
override fun onBindViewHolder(holder: RecyclerView.ViewHolder, position: Int) {
val textView = holder.itemView as TextView
textView.setBackgroundColor(if (position % 2 == 0) 0xffff0000.toInt() else 0xff00ff00.toInt())
textView.text = position.toString()
}
override fun getItemCount(): Int {
return 100
}
override fun onCreateViewHolder(parent: ViewGroup?, viewType: Int): RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
val view = inflater.inflate(android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, parent, false) as TextView
val cellSize = recyclerView.width / 3
view.layoutParams.height = cellSize
view.layoutParams.width = cellSize
view.gravity = Gravity.CENTER
return object : RecyclerView.ViewHolder(view) {}
}
}
LinearSnapHelper().attachToRecyclerView(recyclerView)
}
}
活动主文件
<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
android:id="@+id/recyclerView" xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="horizontal"
app:layoutManager="android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager"/>
也可以将其固定到其他侧面，就像在某些库中所做的那样，例如here https://github.com/DevExchanges/SnappingRecyclerview.
还有一些库允许 RecyclerView 像 ViewPager 一样工作，例如here https://github.com/lsjwzh/RecyclerViewPager.
问题
假设我有一个包含许多项目的 RecyclerView（在我的例子中是水平的），并且我希望它将每 X 个项目（X 是常数）视为一个单元，并捕捉到每个单元。
例如，如果我滚动一点，它可能会捕捉到 0 项或 X 项，但不会捕捉到它们之间的某些内容。
在某种程度上，它的行为与普通 ViewPager 的情况类似，只是每个页面都有 X 个项目。
例如，如果我们继续我上面编写的示例代码，假设 X==3 ，则捕捉将来自此空闲状态：
到这个空闲状态（如果我们滚动得足够多，否则将保持在之前的状态）：
应该像在 ViewPager 上一样处理更多的滑动或滚动，就像我上面提到的库一样。
进一步滚动（沿相同方向）到下一个捕捉点将到达项目“6”、“9”等......
我尝试过的
我尝试搜索替代库，也尝试阅读有关此的文档，但没有找到任何可能有用的内容。
使用 ViewPager 也可能是可行的，但我认为这不是最好的方法，因为 ViewPager 不能很好地回收其项目，而且我认为它在如何捕捉方面不如 RecyclerView 灵活。
问题
-
是否可以将 RecyclerView 设置为捕捉每个 X 项目，将每个 X 项目视为要捕捉的单个页面？
当然，这些项目将均匀地占用整个 RecyclerView 的足够空间。
-
假设有可能，当 RecyclerView 即将捕捉到某个项目（包括在捕捉之前拥有该项目）时，我将如何获得回调？我问这个是因为它与我问的同一问题有关here https://stackoverflow.com/q/47534838/878126.
科特林解决方案
基于“Cheticamp”答案的可行 Kotlin 解决方案（here https://github.com/DevExchanges/SnappingRecyclerview），无需验证您是否具有 RecyclerView 大小，并且可以选择使用网格而不是列表，在示例中：
MainActivity.kt
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
val USE_GRID = false
// val USE_GRID = true
val ITEMS_PER_PAGE = 4
var selectedItemPos = 0
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
val inflater = LayoutInflater.from(this)
recyclerView.adapter = object : RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerView.ViewHolder>() {
override fun onBindViewHolder(holder: RecyclerView.ViewHolder, position: Int) {
val textView = holder.itemView as TextView
textView.setBackgroundColor(if (position % 2 == 0) 0xffff0000.toInt() else 0xff00ff00.toInt())
textView.text = if (selectedItemPos == position) "selected: $position" else position.toString()
}
override fun getItemCount(): Int {
return 100
}
override fun onCreateViewHolder(parent: ViewGroup?, viewType: Int): RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
val view = inflater.inflate(android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, parent, false) as TextView
view.layoutParams.width = if (USE_GRID)
recyclerView.width / (ITEMS_PER_PAGE / 2)
else
recyclerView.width / 4
view.layoutParams.height = recyclerView.height / (ITEMS_PER_PAGE / 2)
view.gravity = Gravity.CENTER
return object : RecyclerView.ViewHolder(view) {
}
}
}
recyclerView.layoutManager = if (USE_GRID)
GridLayoutManager(this, ITEMS_PER_PAGE / 2, GridLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL, false)
else
LinearLayoutManager(this, LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL, false)
val snapToBlock = SnapToBlock(recyclerView, ITEMS_PER_PAGE)
snapToBlock.attachToRecyclerView(recyclerView)
snapToBlock.setSnapBlockCallback(object : SnapToBlock.SnapBlockCallback {
override fun onBlockSnap(snapPosition: Int) {
if (selectedItemPos == snapPosition)
return
selectedItemPos = snapPosition
recyclerView.adapter.notifyDataSetChanged()
}
override fun onBlockSnapped(snapPosition: Int) {
if (selectedItemPos == snapPosition)
return
selectedItemPos = snapPosition
recyclerView.adapter.notifyDataSetChanged()
}
})
}
}
SnapToBlock.kt
/**@param maxFlingBlocks Maxim blocks to move during most vigorous fling*/
class SnapToBlock constructor(private val maxFlingBlocks: Int) : SnapHelper() {
private var recyclerView: RecyclerView? = null
// Total number of items in a block of view in the RecyclerView
private var blocksize: Int = 0
// Maximum number of positions to move on a fling.
private var maxPositionsToMove: Int = 0
// Width of a RecyclerView item if orientation is horizonal; height of the item if vertical
private var itemDimension: Int = 0
// Callback interface when blocks are snapped.
private var snapBlockCallback: SnapBlockCallback? = null
// When snapping, used to determine direction of snap.
private var priorFirstPosition = RecyclerView.NO_POSITION
// Our private scroller
private var scroller: Scroller? = null
// Horizontal/vertical layout helper
private var orientationHelper: OrientationHelper? = null
// LTR/RTL helper
private var layoutDirectionHelper: LayoutDirectionHelper? = null
@Throws(IllegalStateException::class)
override fun attachToRecyclerView(recyclerView: RecyclerView?) {
if (recyclerView != null) {
this.recyclerView = recyclerView
val layoutManager = recyclerView.layoutManager as LinearLayoutManager
orientationHelper = when {
layoutManager.canScrollHorizontally() -> OrientationHelper.createHorizontalHelper(layoutManager)
layoutManager.canScrollVertically() -> OrientationHelper.createVerticalHelper(layoutManager)
else -> throw IllegalStateException("RecyclerView must be scrollable")
}
scroller = Scroller(this.recyclerView!!.context, sInterpolator)
initItemDimensionIfNeeded(layoutManager)
}
super.attachToRecyclerView(recyclerView)
}
// Called when the target view is available and we need to know how much more
// to scroll to get it lined up with the side of the RecyclerView.
override fun calculateDistanceToFinalSnap(layoutManager: RecyclerView.LayoutManager, targetView: View): IntArray {
val out = IntArray(2)
initLayoutDirectionHelperIfNeeded(layoutManager)
if (layoutManager.canScrollHorizontally())
out[0] = layoutDirectionHelper!!.getScrollToAlignView(targetView)
if (layoutManager.canScrollVertically())
out[1] = layoutDirectionHelper!!.getScrollToAlignView(targetView)
if (snapBlockCallback != null)
if (out[0] == 0 && out[1] == 0)
snapBlockCallback!!.onBlockSnapped(layoutManager.getPosition(targetView))
else
snapBlockCallback!!.onBlockSnap(layoutManager.getPosition(targetView))
return out
}
private fun initLayoutDirectionHelperIfNeeded(layoutManager: RecyclerView.LayoutManager) {
if (layoutDirectionHelper == null)
if (layoutManager.canScrollHorizontally())
layoutDirectionHelper = LayoutDirectionHelper()
else if (layoutManager.canScrollVertically())
// RTL doesn't matter for vertical scrolling for this class.
layoutDirectionHelper = LayoutDirectionHelper(false)
}
// We are flinging and need to know where we are heading.
override fun findTargetSnapPosition(layoutManager: RecyclerView.LayoutManager, velocityX: Int, velocityY: Int): Int {
initLayoutDirectionHelperIfNeeded(layoutManager)
val lm = layoutManager as LinearLayoutManager
initItemDimensionIfNeeded(layoutManager)
scroller!!.fling(0, 0, velocityX, velocityY, Integer.MIN_VALUE, Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE, Integer.MAX_VALUE)
return when {
velocityX != 0 -> layoutDirectionHelper!!.getPositionsToMove(lm, scroller!!.finalX, itemDimension)
else -> if (velocityY != 0)
layoutDirectionHelper!!.getPositionsToMove(lm, scroller!!.finalY, itemDimension)
else RecyclerView.NO_POSITION
}
}
// We have scrolled to the neighborhood where we will snap. Determine the snap position.
override fun findSnapView(layoutManager: RecyclerView.LayoutManager): View? {
// Snap to a view that is either 1) toward the bottom of the data and therefore on screen,
// or, 2) toward the top of the data and may be off-screen.
val snapPos = calcTargetPosition(layoutManager as LinearLayoutManager)
val snapView = if (snapPos == RecyclerView.NO_POSITION)
null
else
layoutManager.findViewByPosition(snapPos)
if (snapView == null)
Log.d(TAG, "<<<<findSnapView is returning null!")
Log.d(TAG, "<<<<findSnapView snapos=" + snapPos)
return snapView
}
// Does the heavy lifting for findSnapView.
private fun calcTargetPosition(layoutManager: LinearLayoutManager): Int {
val snapPos: Int
initLayoutDirectionHelperIfNeeded(layoutManager)
val firstVisiblePos = layoutManager.findFirstVisibleItemPosition()
if (firstVisiblePos == RecyclerView.NO_POSITION)
return RecyclerView.NO_POSITION
initItemDimensionIfNeeded(layoutManager)
if (firstVisiblePos >= priorFirstPosition) {
// Scrolling toward bottom of data
val firstCompletePosition = layoutManager.findFirstCompletelyVisibleItemPosition()
snapPos = if (firstCompletePosition != RecyclerView.NO_POSITION && firstCompletePosition % blocksize == 0)
firstCompletePosition
else
roundDownToBlockSize(firstVisiblePos + blocksize)
} else {
// Scrolling toward top of data
snapPos = roundDownToBlockSize(firstVisiblePos)
// Check to see if target view exists. If it doesn't, force a smooth scroll.
// SnapHelper only snaps to existing views and will not scroll to a non-existant one.
// If limiting fling to single block, then the following is not needed since the
// views are likely to be in the RecyclerView pool.
if (layoutManager.findViewByPosition(snapPos) == null) {
val toScroll = layoutDirectionHelper!!.calculateDistanceToScroll(layoutManager, snapPos)
recyclerView!!.smoothScrollBy(toScroll[0], toScroll[1], sInterpolator)
}
}
priorFirstPosition = firstVisiblePos
return snapPos
}
private fun initItemDimensionIfNeeded(layoutManager: RecyclerView.LayoutManager) {
if (itemDimension != 0)
return
val child = layoutManager.getChildAt(0) ?: return
if (layoutManager.canScrollHorizontally()) {
itemDimension = child.width
blocksize = getSpanCount(layoutManager) * (recyclerView!!.width / itemDimension)
} else if (layoutManager.canScrollVertically()) {
itemDimension = child.height
blocksize = getSpanCount(layoutManager) * (recyclerView!!.height / itemDimension)
}
maxPositionsToMove = blocksize * maxFlingBlocks
}
private fun getSpanCount(layoutManager: RecyclerView.LayoutManager): Int = (layoutManager as? GridLayoutManager)?.spanCount ?: 1
private fun roundDownToBlockSize(trialPosition: Int): Int = trialPosition - trialPosition % blocksize
private fun roundUpToBlockSize(trialPosition: Int): Int = roundDownToBlockSize(trialPosition + blocksize - 1)
override fun createScroller(layoutManager: RecyclerView.LayoutManager): LinearSmoothScroller? {
return if (layoutManager !is RecyclerView.SmoothScroller.ScrollVectorProvider)
null
else object : LinearSmoothScroller(recyclerView!!.context) {
override fun onTargetFound(targetView: View, state: RecyclerView.State?, action: RecyclerView.SmoothScroller.Action) {
val snapDistances = calculateDistanceToFinalSnap(recyclerView!!.layoutManager, targetView)
val dx = snapDistances[0]
val dy = snapDistances[1]
val time = calculateTimeForDeceleration(Math.max(Math.abs(dx), Math.abs(dy)))
if (time > 0)
action.update(dx, dy, time, sInterpolator)
}
override fun calculateSpeedPerPixel(displayMetrics: DisplayMetrics): Float = MILLISECONDS_PER_INCH / displayMetrics.densityDpi
}
}
fun setSnapBlockCallback(callback: SnapBlockCallback?) {
snapBlockCallback = callback
}
/*
Helper class that handles calculations for LTR and RTL layouts.
*/
private inner class LayoutDirectionHelper {
// Is the layout an RTL one?
private val mIsRTL: Boolean
constructor() {
mIsRTL = ViewCompat.getLayoutDirection(recyclerView) == ViewCompat.LAYOUT_DIRECTION_RTL
}
constructor(isRTL: Boolean) {
mIsRTL = isRTL
}
/*
Calculate the amount of scroll needed to align the target view with the layout edge.
*/
fun getScrollToAlignView(targetView: View): Int = if (mIsRTL)
orientationHelper!!.getDecoratedEnd(targetView) - recyclerView!!.width
else
orientationHelper!!.getDecoratedStart(targetView)
/**
* Calculate the distance to final snap position when the view corresponding to the snap
* position is not currently available.
*
* @param layoutManager LinearLayoutManager or descendent class
* @param targetPos - Adapter position to snap to
* @return int[2] {x-distance in pixels, y-distance in pixels}
*/
fun calculateDistanceToScroll(layoutManager: LinearLayoutManager, targetPos: Int): IntArray {
val out = IntArray(2)
val firstVisiblePos = layoutManager.findFirstVisibleItemPosition()
if (layoutManager.canScrollHorizontally()) {
if (targetPos <= firstVisiblePos) // scrolling toward top of data
if (mIsRTL) {
val lastView = layoutManager.findViewByPosition(layoutManager.findLastVisibleItemPosition())
out[0] = orientationHelper!!.getDecoratedEnd(lastView) + (firstVisiblePos - targetPos) * itemDimension
} else {
val firstView = layoutManager.findViewByPosition(firstVisiblePos)
out[0] = orientationHelper!!.getDecoratedStart(firstView) - (firstVisiblePos - targetPos) * itemDimension
}
}
if (layoutManager.canScrollVertically() && targetPos <= firstVisiblePos) { // scrolling toward top of data
val firstView = layoutManager.findViewByPosition(firstVisiblePos)
out[1] = firstView.top - (firstVisiblePos - targetPos) * itemDimension
}
return out
}
/*
Calculate the number of positions to move in the RecyclerView given a scroll amount
and the size of the items to be scrolled. Return integral multiple of mBlockSize not
equal to zero.
*/
fun getPositionsToMove(llm: LinearLayoutManager, scroll: Int, itemSize: Int): Int {
var positionsToMove: Int
positionsToMove = roundUpToBlockSize(Math.abs(scroll) / itemSize)
if (positionsToMove < blocksize)
// Must move at least one block
positionsToMove = blocksize
else if (positionsToMove > maxPositionsToMove)
// Clamp number of positions to move so we don't get wild flinging.
positionsToMove = maxPositionsToMove
if (scroll < 0)
positionsToMove *= -1
if (mIsRTL)
positionsToMove *= -1
return if (layoutDirectionHelper!!.isDirectionToBottom(scroll < 0)) {
// Scrolling toward the bottom of data.
roundDownToBlockSize(llm.findFirstVisibleItemPosition()) + positionsToMove
} else roundDownToBlockSize(llm.findLastVisibleItemPosition()) + positionsToMove
// Scrolling toward the top of the data.
}
fun isDirectionToBottom(velocityNegative: Boolean): Boolean = if (mIsRTL) velocityNegative else !velocityNegative
}
interface SnapBlockCallback {
fun onBlockSnap(snapPosition: Int)
fun onBlockSnapped(snapPosition: Int)
}
companion object {
// Borrowed from ViewPager.java
private val sInterpolator = Interpolator { input ->
var t = input
// _o(t) = t * t * ((tension + 1) * t + tension)
// o(t) = _o(t - 1) + 1
t -= 1.0f
t * t * t + 1.0f
}
private val MILLISECONDS_PER_INCH = 100f
private val TAG = "SnapToBlock"
}
}
Update
虽然我已经标记了一个答案 https://stackoverflow.com/a/47580753/878126正如所接受的，因为它工作正常，我注意到它有严重的问题：
-
平滑滚动似乎无法正常工作（无法滚动到正确的位置）。只有滚动才有效（但具有“涂抹”效果）：
(recyclerView.layoutManager as LinearLayoutManager).scrollToPositionWithOffset(targetPos,0)
-
当切换到 RTL（从右到左）语言环境（例如希伯来语（“עברתת”））时，它根本不允许我滚动。
-
我注意到了onCreateViewHolder被称为很多。事实上，每次我滚动时都会调用它，即使它应该回收 ViewHolders 的时候也是如此。这意味着视图的创建过多，也可能意味着存在内存泄漏。
我尝试自己修复这些问题，但到目前为止都失败了。
如果这里有人知道如何修复它，我将给予额外的新赏金
更新：随着我们修复了 RTL/LTR，我在这篇文章中更新了 Kotlin 解决方案。
更新：关于第 3 点，这似乎是因为 recyclerView 有一个视图池，它很快就被填满了。为了解决这个问题，我们可以简单地扩大池大小，使用recyclerView.getRecycledViewPool() .setMaxRecycledViews(viewType, Integer.MAX_VALUE) 对于我们其中的每种视图类型。奇怪的是，这确实是需要的。我已将其发布到 Google (here https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/71784689 and here https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/72301192）但被拒绝了，默认情况下池应该是无限的。最后，我决定至少要求有一个更方便的函数来为所有视图类型执行此操作（here https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/110979418).
