用于操作系统检测的 PHP 正则表达式

我使用此代码来检测用户的操作系统：

<?
$osList = array (
/* -- WINDOWS -- */
'Windows 10 (Windows NT 10.0)' => 'windows nt 10.0',
'Windows 8.1 (Windows NT 6.3)' => 'windows nt 6.3',
'Windows 8 (Windows NT 6.2)' => 'windows nt 6.2',
'Windows 7 (Windows NT 6.1)' => 'windows nt 6.1',
'Windows Vista (Windows NT 6.0)' => 'windows nt 6.0',
'Windows Server 2003 (Windows NT 5.2)' => 'windows nt 5.2',
'Windows XP (Windows NT 5.1)' => 'windows nt 5.1',
'Windows 2000 sp1 (Windows NT 5.01)' => 'windows nt 5.01',
'Windows 2000 (Windows NT 5.0)' => 'windows nt 5.0',
'Windows NT 4.0' => 'windows nt 4.0',
'Windows Me  (Windows 9x 4.9)' => 'win 9x 4.9',
'Windows 98' => 'windows 98',
'Windows 95' => 'windows 95',
'Windows CE' => 'windows ce',
'Windows (version unknown)' => 'windows',
/* -- MAC OS X -- */
'Mac OS X Beta (Kodiak)' => 'Mac OS X beta',
'Mac OS X Cheetah' => 'Mac OS X 10.0',
'Mac OS X Puma' => 'Mac OS X 10.1',
'Mac OS X Jaguar' => 'Mac OS X 10.2',
'Mac OS X Panther' => 'Mac OS X 10.3',
'Mac OS X Tiger' => 'Mac OS X 10.4',
'Mac OS X Leopard' => 'Mac OS X 10.5',
'Mac OS X Snow Leopard' => 'Mac OS X 10.6',
'Mac OS X Lion' => 'Mac OS X 10.7',
'Mac OS X Mountain Lion' => 'Mac OS X 10.8',
'Mac OS X Mavericks' => 'Mac OS X 10.9',
'Mac OS X Yosemite' => 'Mac OS X 10.10',
'Mac OS X El Capitan' => 'Mac OS X 10.11',
'macOS Sierra' => 'Mac OS X 10.12',
'Mac OS X (version unknown)' => 'Mac OS X',
'Mac OS (classic)' => '(mac_powerpc)|(macintosh)',
/* -- OTHERS -- */
'OpenBSD' => 'openbsd',
'SunOS' => 'sunos',
'Ubuntu' => 'ubuntu',
'Linux (or Linux based)' => '(linux)|(x11)',
'QNX' => 'QNX',
'BeOS' => 'beos',
'OS2' => 'os/2',
'SearchBot'=>'(nuhk)|(googlebot)|(yammybot)|(openbot)|(slurp)|(msnbot)|(ask jeeves/teoma)|(ia_archiver)'
);

$useragent = htmlspecialchars($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']);
$useragent = strtolower($useragent);

foreach($osList as $os=>$match) {
    if (preg_match('/' . $match . '/i', $useragent)) {
        break;  
    } else {
        $os = "Unknown";    
    }
}
?>

这里的问题是：我正在使用OS X 埃尔卡皮坦(10.11.5) 这段代码显示我正在使用OS X 美洲狮(10.1) 因为'Mac OS X El Capitan' => 'Mac OS X 10.11'.

那么，我该如何告诉preg_match 检查是否$match是“X.Y(.Z)”?

您可以在之后添加一个字符类1对于 OS X Puma，仅当其后面的字符是时才匹配not一个数字，例如：

'Mac OS X Puma' => 'Mac OS X 10.1[^0-9]',

这对于可靠地检测版本 10.1 与当前和未来版本应该是安全的，例如Mac OS X 10.1999.42

应该注意的是，您当前匹配的用户代理字符串很可能在浏览器之间有所不同，甚至可以由用户在其浏览器内进行编辑。如果需要高度成功的匹配，则需要用户代理嗅探以外的方法。