正则表达式检查字符串是否在 C# 中可能包含嵌套括号的特定模式内

我一直在尝试编写一个代码来检查给定的字符串是否包含具有特定模式的某些字符串。 准确来说，例如：

string mainString = @"~(Homo Sapiens means (human being)) or man or ~woman"
List<string> checkList = new List<string>{"homo sapiens","human","man","woman"};

现在，我想提取

"homo sapiens", "human" and "woman" but NOT "man"

从上面的列表中，因为它们遵循模式，即字符串后跟 ~ 或括号内以 ~ 开头的字符串之一。 到目前为止我已经想出了：

string mainString = @"~(Homo Sapiens means (human being)) or man or ~woman"
List<string> checkList = new List<string>{"homo sapiens","human","man","woman"};
var prunedList = new List<string>();
foreach(var term in checkList)
{
   var pattern = @"~(\s)*(\(\s*)?(\(?\w\s*\)?)*" + term + @"(\s*\))?";
   Match m = Regex.Match(mainString, pattern);
   if(m.success)
   {
      prunedList.Add(term);
   }
 }

但这种模式并不适用于所有情况...... 谁能建议我如何做到这一点？

我编写了一个简单的解析器，非常适合您给出的示例。

我不知道以这种模式结尾的字符串的预期行为是什么：~(some words（即没有有效左括号的右括号）

我相信你可以清理这个...

private bool Contains(string source, string given)
{
    return ExtractValidPhrases(source).Any(p => RegexMatch(p, given));
}

private bool RegexMatch(string phrase, string given)
{
    return Regex.IsMatch(phrase, string.Format(@"\b{0}\b", given), RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
}

private IEnumerable<string> ExtractValidPhrases(string source)
{
    bool valid = false;
    var parentheses = new Stack<char>();
    var phrase = new StringBuilder();

    for(int i = 0; i < source.Length; i++)
    {
        if (valid) phrase.Append(source[i]);

        switch (source[i])
        {
            case '~':
                valid = true;
                break;

            case ' ':
                if (valid && parentheses.Count == 0)
                {
                    yield return phrase.ToString();
                    phrase.Clear();
                }
                if (parentheses.Count == 0) valid = false;
                break;

            case '(':
                if (valid)
                {
                    parentheses.Push('(');
                }
                break;

            case ')':
                if (valid)
                {
                    parentheses.Pop();
                }
                break;
        }
    }

    //if (valid && !parentheses.Any()) yield return phrase.ToString();
    if (valid) yield return phrase.ToString();
}

以下是我使用的测试：

// NUnit tests
[Test]
[TestCase("Homo Sapiens", true)]
[TestCase("human", true)]
[TestCase("woman", true)]
[TestCase("man", false)]
public void X(string given, bool shouldBeFound)
{
    const string mainString = @"~(Homo Sapiens means (human being)) or man or ~woman";

    Assert.AreEqual(shouldBeFound, Contains(mainString, given));
}

[Test]
public void Y()
{
    const string mainString = @"~(Homo Sapiens means (human being)) or man or ~woman";
    var checkList = new List<string> {"homo sapiens", "human", "man", "woman"};
    var expected = new List<string> { "homo sapiens", "human", "woman" };

    var filtered = checkList.Where(s => Contains(mainString, s));

    CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(expected, filtered);
}