我最近遇到了这个问题,在搜索 stackoverflow 网站后,找不到可行的解决方案。我收到的错误是 Spring 在加载配置类时遇到问题。我使用注释和 Spring 类来配置(而不是 XML 文件),以练习使用注释而不是 XML 文件配置 Java 应用程序。
我已经仔细检查以确保所需的注释存在并且 Spring 配置文件标记为@Configuration
以及配置文件中标记为的所有 bean@Bean
。此外,特定的豆子还标有@Component
.
创建测试类后,Spring 似乎仍然无法找到配置文件。我仔细检查了 pom 文件,看看是否缺少任何依赖项,但据我所知,似乎需要的依赖项就在那里。我不确定我还缺少什么,也不知道为什么 Spring 找不到配置文件。任何帮助将不胜感激。
这是我的 pom.xml 文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="https://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.spring</groupId>
<artifactId>Spring_JavaConfig</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>Spring_JavaConfig</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<springframework.version>4.3.6.RELEASE</springframework.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
这是我的 Java 文件:
道类(并不是真正访问数据库,只是练习使用 Spring 注解而不是 XML 文件进行配置):
package com.spring;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class Dao {
public void create() {
System.out.println("Created");
}
}
Spring配置类:
package com.spring;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class SpringConfig {
@Bean
public Dao dao() {
return new Dao();
}
}
测试类:
package com.spring;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
Dao dao = context.getBean(Dao.class);
dao.create();
context.close();
}
}
这是我收到的错误:
Feb 28, 2022 1:39:12 PM org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext prepareRefresh
INFO: Refreshing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@39c0f4a: startup date [Mon Feb 28 13:39:12 EST 2022]; root of context hierarchy
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot load configuration class: com.spring.SpringConfig
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.enhanceConfigurationClasses(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:403)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:249)
at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:281)
at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:125)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:686)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:524)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext.<init>(AnnotationConfigApplicationContext.java:84)
at com.spring.Test.main(Test.java:9)
Caused by: java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer.newEnhancer(ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:119)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer.enhance(ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:107)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.enhanceConfigurationClasses(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:393)
... 7 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Unable to load cache item
at org.springframework.cglib.core.internal.LoadingCache.createEntry(LoadingCache.java:79)
at org.springframework.cglib.core.internal.LoadingCache.get(LoadingCache.java:34)
at org.springframework.cglib.core.AbstractClassGenerator$ClassLoaderData.get(AbstractClassGenerator.java:116)
at org.springframework.cglib.core.AbstractClassGenerator.create(AbstractClassGenerator.java:291)
at org.springframework.cglib.core.KeyFactory$Generator.create(KeyFactory.java:221)
at org.springframework.cglib.core.KeyFactory.create(KeyFactory.java:174)
at org.springframework.cglib.core.KeyFactory.create(KeyFactory.java:153)
at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.Enhancer.<clinit>(Enhancer.java:73)
... 10 more
Caused by: java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
at org.springframework.cglib.core.KeyFactory$Generator.generateClass(KeyFactory.java:243)
at org.springframework.cglib.core.DefaultGeneratorStrategy.generate(DefaultGeneratorStrategy.java:25)
at org.springframework.cglib.core.AbstractClassGenerator.generate(AbstractClassGenerator.java:329)
at org.springframework.cglib.core.AbstractClassGenerator$ClassLoaderData$3.apply(AbstractClassGenerator.java:93)
at org.springframework.cglib.core.AbstractClassGenerator$ClassLoaderData$3.apply(AbstractClassGenerator.java:91)
at org.springframework.cglib.core.internal.LoadingCache$2.call(LoadingCache.java:54)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:264)
at org.springframework.cglib.core.internal.LoadingCache.createEntry(LoadingCache.java:61)
... 17 more
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InaccessibleObjectException: Unable to make protected final java.lang.Class java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(java.lang.String,byte[],int,int,java.security.ProtectionDomain) throws java.lang.ClassFormatError accessible: module java.base does not "opens java.lang" to unnamed module @2f8f5f62
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject.checkCanSetAccessible(AccessibleObject.java:354)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject.checkCanSetAccessible(AccessibleObject.java:297)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.checkCanSetAccessible(Method.java:199)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.setAccessible(Method.java:193)
at org.springframework.cglib.core.ReflectUtils$1.run(ReflectUtils.java:54)
at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(AccessController.java:318)
at org.springframework.cglib.core.ReflectUtils.<clinit>(ReflectUtils.java:44)
... 25 more