更改 3D 绘图的垂直 (z) 轴的位置

我正在 Python 中使用 Matplotlib 绘制一些 3D 曲面图，并注意到一个恼人的现象。根据我设置视点（相机位置）的方式，垂直 (z) 轴在左侧和右侧之间移动。下面是两个例子：示例 1，轴左 http://i.imagebanana.com/img/itzgmxva/Selection_001.png, 示例 2，轴右 http://i.imagebanana.com/img/myvwqs11/Selection_002.png。第一个示例具有 ax.view_init(25,-135)，而第二个示例具有 ax.view_init(25,-45)。

我想保持观点相同（查看数据的最佳方式）。有什么方法可以将轴强制到一侧或另一侧吗？

我需要类似的东西：在两侧绘制 z 轴。感谢 @crayzeewulf 的回答，我找到了以下解决方法（左侧、右侧或两侧）：

首先根据需要绘制 3d，然后在调用之前show()包裹住Axes3D使用一个包装类来简单地覆盖draw() method.

包装类调用只是将某些功能的可见性设置为 False，它会绘制自身并最终使用修改后的平面绘制 z 轴。该包装类允许您在左侧、右侧或两侧绘制 z 轴。

import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('QT4Agg')
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d

class MyAxes3D(axes3d.Axes3D):

    def __init__(self, baseObject, sides_to_draw):
        self.__class__ = type(baseObject.__class__.__name__,
                              (self.__class__, baseObject.__class__),
                              {})
        self.__dict__ = baseObject.__dict__
        self.sides_to_draw = list(sides_to_draw)
        self.mouse_init()

    def set_some_features_visibility(self, visible):
        for t in self.w_zaxis.get_ticklines() + self.w_zaxis.get_ticklabels():
            t.set_visible(visible)
        self.w_zaxis.line.set_visible(visible)
        self.w_zaxis.pane.set_visible(visible)
        self.w_zaxis.label.set_visible(visible)

    def draw(self, renderer):
        # set visibility of some features False 
        self.set_some_features_visibility(False)
        # draw the axes
        super(MyAxes3D, self).draw(renderer)
        # set visibility of some features True. 
        # This could be adapted to set your features to desired visibility, 
        # e.g. storing the previous values and restoring the values
        self.set_some_features_visibility(True)

        zaxis = self.zaxis
        draw_grid_old = zaxis.axes._draw_grid
        # disable draw grid
        zaxis.axes._draw_grid = False

        tmp_planes = zaxis._PLANES

        if 'l' in self.sides_to_draw :
            # draw zaxis on the left side
            zaxis._PLANES = (tmp_planes[2], tmp_planes[3],
                             tmp_planes[0], tmp_planes[1],
                             tmp_planes[4], tmp_planes[5])
            zaxis.draw(renderer)
        if 'r' in self.sides_to_draw :
            # draw zaxis on the right side
            zaxis._PLANES = (tmp_planes[3], tmp_planes[2], 
                             tmp_planes[1], tmp_planes[0], 
                             tmp_planes[4], tmp_planes[5])
            zaxis.draw(renderer)

        zaxis._PLANES = tmp_planes

        # disable draw grid
        zaxis.axes._draw_grid = draw_grid_old

def example_surface(ax):
    """ draw an example surface. code borrowed from http://matplotlib.org/examples/mplot3d/surface3d_demo.html """
    from matplotlib import cm
    import numpy as np
    X = np.arange(-5, 5, 0.25)
    Y = np.arange(-5, 5, 0.25)
    X, Y = np.meshgrid(X, Y)
    R = np.sqrt(X**2 + Y**2)
    Z = np.sin(R)
    surf = ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, rstride=1, cstride=1, cmap=cm.coolwarm, linewidth=0, antialiased=False)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    fig = plt.figure(figsize=(15, 5))
    ax = fig.add_subplot(131, projection='3d')
    ax.set_title('z-axis left side')
    ax = fig.add_axes(MyAxes3D(ax, 'l'))
    example_surface(ax) # draw an example surface
    ax = fig.add_subplot(132, projection='3d')
    ax.set_title('z-axis both sides')
    ax = fig.add_axes(MyAxes3D(ax, 'lr'))
    example_surface(ax) # draw an example surface
    ax = fig.add_subplot(133, projection='3d')
    ax.set_title('z-axis right side')
    ax = fig.add_axes(MyAxes3D(ax, 'r'))
    example_surface(ax) # draw an example surface
    plt.show()