请注意，这看起来很长，但提供了上下文并在底部列出了我的主要问题。我研究了所有部分并包括参考资料。
我用的是。这在三个独立的虚拟机上创建了两个 Mongo 服务器（主服务器和辅助服务器）和仲裁器的副本集。我没有更改任何虚拟机配置（除了打开防火墙）。我已通过 SSH 连接到两台服务器，并验证 Mongo 是否按预期进行复制。我将外部 IP 从 x.x.x.x 更改为 FIRST.EXTERNAL.IP 和 SECOND.EXTERNAL.IP 以使帖子更具可读性（和安全性）。
我现在尝试通过 Java MongoClient 连接到数据库：
MongoClientOptions.Builder mongoClientOptions = MongoClientOptions.builder().connectionsPerHost(40)
.writeConcern(WriteConcern.ACKNOWLEDGED).readPreference(ReadPreference.secondaryPreferred())
.readConcern(ReadConcern.LOCAL).socketTimeout(60000).threadsAllowedToBlockForConnectionMultiplier(1500);
MongoClientURI mongoClientURI = new MongoClientURI("mongodb://FIRST.EXTERNAL.IP:27017,SECOND.EXTERNAL.IP:27017", mongoClientOptions);
mongoClient = new MongoClient(mongoClientURI);
我想要验证我应该在 URI 中包含主要外部 IP 和辅助外部 IP. I 不包括仲裁者，因为 MongoClient 直接与仲裁器交互是没有意义的。
下面显示了我尝试 find() 时的 Java 异常。 Insert() 会产生相同的错误，但使用 WritePreferenceServerSelector 而不是 ReadPref 除外。
1449 [main] INFO org.mongodb.driver.cluster - Cluster created with settings {hosts=[SECOND.EXTERNAL.IP:27017, FIRST.EXTERNAL.IP:27017], mode=MULTIPLE, requiredClusterType=UNKNOWN, serverSelectionTimeout='30000 ms', maxWaitQueueSize=60000}
1449 [main] INFO org.mongodb.driver.cluster - Adding discovered server SECOND.EXTERNAL.IP:27017 to client view of cluster
1558 [main] INFO org.mongodb.driver.cluster - Adding discovered server FIRST.EXTERNAL.IP:27017 to client view of cluster
1579 [main] INFO org.mongodb.driver.cluster - No server chosen by ReadPreferenceServerSelector{readPreference=ReadPreference{name=secondaryPreferred}} from cluster description ClusterDescription{type=UNKNOWN, connectionMode=MULTIPLE, serverDescriptions=[ServerDescription{address=SECOND.EXTERNAL.IP:27017, type=UNKNOWN, state=CONNECTING}, ServerDescription{address=FIRST.EXTERNAL.IP:27017, type=UNKNOWN, state=CONNECTING}]}. Waiting for 30000 ms before timing out
1743 [cluster-ClusterId{value='588b214418786c23f4fcf845', description='null'}-FIRST.EXTERNAL.IP:27017] INFO org.mongodb.driver.connection - Opened connection [connectionId{localValue:2, serverValue:12}] to FIRST.EXTERNAL.IP:27017
1766 [cluster-ClusterId{value='588b214418786c23f4fcf845', description='null'}-SECOND.EXTERNAL.IP:27017] INFO org.mongodb.driver.connection - Opened connection [connectionId{localValue:1, serverValue:9}] to SECOND.EXTERNAL.IP:27017
1790 [cluster-ClusterId{value='588b214418786c23f4fcf845', description='null'}-FIRST.EXTERNAL.IP:27017] INFO org.mongodb.driver.cluster - Monitor thread successfully connected to server with description ServerDescription{address=FIRST.EXTERNAL.IP:27017, type=REPLICA_SET_PRIMARY, state=CONNECTED, ok=true, version=ServerVersion{versionList=[3, 4, 1]}, minWireVersion=0, maxWireVersion=5, maxDocumentSize=16777216, roundTripTimeNanos=41160155, setName='rs0', canonicalAddress=my-project-name-mongo-server-1:27017, hosts=[my-project-name-mongo-server-1:27017, my-project-name-mongo-server-2:27017], passives=[], arbiters=[my-project-name-mongo-arbiter-1:27017], primary='my-project-name-mongo-server-1:27017', tagSet=TagSet{[]}, electionId=7fffffff0000000000000003, setVersion=3, lastWriteDate=Fri Jan 27 02:30:26 PST 2017, lastUpdateTimeNanos=165366848909779}
1791 [cluster-ClusterId{value='588b214418786c23f4fcf845', description='null'}-FIRST.EXTERNAL.IP:27017] INFO org.mongodb.driver.cluster - Discovered cluster type of REPLICA_SET
1791 [cluster-ClusterId{value='588b214418786c23f4fcf845', description='null'}-FIRST.EXTERNAL.IP:27017] INFO org.mongodb.driver.cluster - Adding discovered server my-project-name-mongo-server-1:27017 to client view of cluster
1793 [cluster-ClusterId{value='588b214418786c23f4fcf845', description='null'}-FIRST.EXTERNAL.IP:27017] INFO org.mongodb.driver.cluster - Adding discovered server my-project-name-mongo-server-2:27017 to client view of cluster
1794 [cluster-ClusterId{value='588b214418786c23f4fcf845', description='null'}-FIRST.EXTERNAL.IP:27017] INFO org.mongodb.driver.cluster - Adding discovered server my-project-name-mongo-arbiter-1:27017 to client view of cluster
1796 [cluster-ClusterId{value='588b214418786c23f4fcf845', description='null'}-FIRST.EXTERNAL.IP:27017] INFO org.mongodb.driver.cluster - Server SECOND.EXTERNAL.IP:27017 is no longer a member of the replica set. Removing from client view of cluster.
1797 [cluster-ClusterId{value='588b214418786c23f4fcf845', description='null'}-FIRST.EXTERNAL.IP:27017] INFO org.mongodb.driver.cluster - Server FIRST.EXTERNAL.IP:27017 is no longer a member of the replica set. Removing from client view of cluster.
1798 [cluster-ClusterId{value='588b214418786c23f4fcf845', description='null'}-FIRST.EXTERNAL.IP:27017] INFO org.mongodb.driver.cluster - Canonical address my-project-name-mongo-server-1:27017 does not match server address. Removing FIRST.EXTERNAL.IP:27017 from client view of cluster
1799 [cluster-ClusterId{value='588b214418786c23f4fcf845', description='null'}-my-project-name-mongo-server-1:27017] INFO org.mongodb.driver.cluster - Exception in monitor thread while connecting to server my-project-name-mongo-server-1:27017
com.mongodb.MongoSocketException: my-project-name-mongo-server-1: unknown error
at com.mongodb.ServerAddress.getSocketAddress(ServerAddress.java:188)
at com.mongodb.connection.SocketStreamHelper.initialize(SocketStreamHelper.java:57)
at com.mongodb.connection.SocketStream.open(SocketStream.java:58)
at com.mongodb.connection.InternalStreamConnection.open(InternalStreamConnection.java:115)
at com.mongodb.connection.DefaultServerMonitor$ServerMonitorRunnable.run(DefaultServerMonitor.java:113)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: java.net.UnknownHostException: my-project-name-mongo-server-1: unknown error
//(then it just repeats the socket exception through connection retries I believe)
我目前的理论是最初由 Google Cloud Launcher 设置的主机名配置需要使用外部 IP 进行更新。这意味着将 my-project-name-mongo-server-1 更改为 FIRST.EXTERNAL.IP，并且第二个服务器的更改相同，如MongoDB 文档 https://docs.mongodb.com/v3.2/tutorial/change-hostnames-in-a-replica-set/。如果这是正确的，我应该保留仲裁主机名吗？ （旁注 - my-project-name-mongo-server-1:27017 如何解析？它是 Google Cloud 的内部 IP 吗？）
据我所知，这将解决我的问题和异常Canonical address my-project-name-mongo-server-1:27017 does not match server address.
回顾一下我关于我的问题的每个问题：
- 我应该在 Java MongoClient URI 中包含哪些 IP？
- 我应该将成员主机名重新配置为外部 IP 吗？如果有，是哪些？
- （可选）解释 my-project-name-mongo-server-1:27017 是否是本地主机名会很有帮助。
- 既然您了解我的应用程序设计，是否有更好的方法来连接我的外部连接？
