使用以 SYSTEM 身份运行的 vb.net 应用程序，如何为每个登录用户启动一个分离的进程？

经过几周对这个主题的研究，我终于决定开始自己的主题，希望有经验的人可以提供帮助。我在互联网上进行了搜索，试图了解各种编码示例，但在尝试将可行的解决方案组合在一起时却遇到了困难。让我从一些背景开始——

背景：
我有一个 vb.net 应用程序，正在使用 CA IT 客户端管理器 (ITCM) 交付到我组织中的 Windows 服务器和 PC。与 Microsoft SCCM 非常相似，CA ITCM 在每台 PC 上都有一个作为 SYSTEM 运行的代理服务。因此，当我的应用程序在目标 PC 上交付并执行时，它在“NT Authority\SYSTEM”上下文中运行。

问题：
在我的应用程序的初始阶段，有一个进程在每个登录用户的上下文中运行，我需要停止该进程。在应用程序执行结束时，我需要为每个登录用户重新启动此进程，以防止他们必须注销并再次重新登录。我要停止的进程实际上是一个系统托盘进程，用户可以在桌面上与之交互。

寻求 VB.NET 解决方案：
在互联网上不断地研究，似乎没有本地 .NET 解决方案可以解决这个问题，而不需要每个登录用户的密码或提示用户输入一些凭据。由于这对我来说不是一个选择，因此我需要找到一种方法来启动进程，而不必知道或需要登录用户的凭据。

对这条途径的研究使我发现创建进程为用户Windows API 函数。据我了解，我可以按照这些思路做一些事情——（见下文）

Notes:
这是我第一次使用 VB.NET 中的非托管代码调用 Windows API。当我将各种帖子中的代码拼凑在一起时，常量、枚举和函数声明存在很多歧义。如果您发现这些声明中有任何错误，请告诉我。关于何时需要将数据类型“编组”为不同类型，我有很多问题。请仔细阅读！！

由于类似帖子中存在无数示例，因此我尝试遵循 CreateProcessAsUser 页面中的 MSDN 示例：

MSDN 链接：
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms682429(v=vs.85).aspx http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms682429(v=vs.85).aspx

示例链接：
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379608(v=vs.85).aspx http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379608(v=vs.85).aspx

除了检查每个 Windows API 调用的有效性之外，请检查操作的整体顺序，并让我知道我是否过于复杂或什至可能遗漏了某些内容。我在 Microsoft 示例中唯一未实现的代码是允许每个 SID 完全访问交互式 Windows 工作站，然后允许 SID 完全访问交互式桌面。也许我错了，但我认为每个用户都应该已经可以访问他们的交互式桌面了！

Public Class WindowsAPI

    Private Const SE_CREATE_TOKEN_NAME As String = "SeCreateTokenPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_ASSIGNPRIMARYTOKEN_NAME = "SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_LOCK_MEMORY_NAME = "SeLockMemoryPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_INCREASE_QUOTA_NAME = "SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_UNSOLICITED_INPUT_NAME = "SeUnsolicitedInputPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_MACHINE_ACCOUNT_NAME = "SeMachineAccountPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_TCB_NAME = "SeTcbPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_SECURITY_NAME = "SeSecurityPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_TAKE_OWNERSHIP_NAME = "SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_LOAD_DRIVER_NAME = "SeLoadDriverPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_SYSTEM_PROFILE_NAME = "SeSystemProfilePrivilege"
    Private Const SE_SYSTEMTIME_NAME = "SeSystemtimePrivilege"
    Private Const SE_PROF_SINGLE_PROCESS_NAME = "SeProfileSingleProcessPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_INC_BASE_PRIORITY_NAME = "SeIncreaseBasePriorityPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_CREATE_PAGEFILE_NAME = "SeCreatePagefilePrivilege"
    Private Const SE_CREATE_PERMANENT_NAME = "SeCreatePermanentPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_BACKUP_NAME = "SeBackupPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_RESTORE_NAME = "SeRestorePrivilege"
    Private Const SE_SHUTDOWN_NAME = "SeShutdownPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_DEBUG_NAME = "SeDebugPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_AUDIT_NAME = "SeAuditPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_NAME = "SeSystemEnvironmentPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_CHANGE_NOTIFY_NAME = "SeChangeNotifyPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_REMOTE_SHUTDOWN_NAME = "SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_UNDOCK_NAME = "SeUndockPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_SYNC_AGENT_NAME = "SeSyncAgentPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_ENABLE_DELEGATION_NAME = "SeEnableDelegationPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_MANAGE_VOLUME_NAME = "SeManageVolumePrivilege"
    Private Const SE_IMPERSONATE_NAME = "SeImpersonatePrivilege"
    Private Const SE_CREATE_GLOBAL_NAME = "SeCreateGlobalPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED As Integer = &H2

    Private Enum WindowShowStyle As UInteger
        Hide = 0
        ShowNormal = 1
        ShowMinimized = 2
        ShowMaximized = 3
        Maximize = 3
        ShowNormalNoActivate = 4
        Show = 5
        Minimize = 6
        ShowMinNoActivate = 7
        ShowNoActivate = 8
        Restore = 9
        ShowDefault = 10
        ForceMinimized = 11
    End Enum

    Private Enum STARTF As Integer
        STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW = &H1
        STARTF_USESIZE = &H2
        STARTF_USEPOSITION = &H4
        STARTF_USECOUNTCHARS = &H8
        STARTF_USEFILLATTRIBUTE = &H10
        STARTF_RUNFULLSCREEN = &H20
        STARTF_FORCEONFEEDBACK = &H40
        STARTF_FORCEOFFFEEDBACK = &H80
        STARTF_USESTDHANDLES = &H100
        STARTF_USEHOTKEY = &H200
    End Enum

    Private Enum CreateProcessFlags
        DEBUG_PROCESS = &H1
        DEBUG_ONLY_THIS_PROCESS = &H2
        CREATE_SUSPENDED = &H4
        DETACHED_PROCESS = &H8
        CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE = &H10
        NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS = &H20
        IDLE_PRIORITY_CLASS = &H40
        HIGH_PRIORITY_CLASS = &H80
        REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS = &H100
        CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP = &H200
        CREATE_UNICODE_ENVIRONMENT = &H400
        CREATE_SEPARATE_WOW_VDM = &H800
        CREATE_SHARED_WOW_VDM = &H1000
        CREATE_FORCEDOS = &H2000
        BELOW_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS = &H4000
        ABOVE_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS = &H8000
        INHERIT_PARENT_AFFINITY = &H10000
        INHERIT_CALLER_PRIORITY = &H20000
        CREATE_PROTECTED_PROCESS = &H40000
        EXTENDED_STARTUPINFO_PRESENT = &H80000
        PROCESS_MODE_BACKGROUND_BEGIN = &H100000
        PROCESS_MODE_BACKGROUND_END = &H200000
        CREATE_BREAKAWAY_FROM_JOB = &H1000000
        CREATE_PRESERVE_CODE_AUTHZ_LEVEL = &H2000000
        CREATE_DEFAULT_ERROR_MODE = &H4000000
        CREATE_NO_WINDOW = &H8000000
        PROFILE_USER = &H10000000
        PROFILE_KERNEL = &H20000000
        PROFILE_SERVER = &H40000000
        CREATE_IGNORE_SYSTEM_DEFAULT = &H80000000
    End Enum

    Private Enum ACCESS_MASK
        DELETE = &H10000
        READ_CONTROL = &H20000
        WRITE_DAC = &H40000
        WRITE_OWNER = &H80000
        SYNCHRONIZE = &H100000
        STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED = &HF0000
        STANDARD_RIGHTS_READ = &H20000
        STANDARD_RIGHTS_WRITE = &H20000
        STANDARD_RIGHTS_EXECUTE = &H20000
        STANDARD_RIGHTS_ALL = &H1F0000
        SPECIFIC_RIGHTS_ALL = &HFFFF
        ACCESS_SYSTEM_SECURITY = &H1000000
        MAXIMUM_ALLOWED = &H2000000
        GENERIC_READ = &H80000000
        GENERIC_WRITE = &H40000000
        GENERIC_EXECUTE = &H20000000
        GENERIC_ALL = &H10000000
        DESKTOP_READOBJECTS = &H1
        DESKTOP_CREATEWINDOW = &H2
        DESKTOP_CREATEMENU = &H4
        DESKTOP_HOOKCONTROL = &H8
        DESKTOP_JOURNALRECORD = &H10
        DESKTOP_JOURNALPLAYBACK = &H20
        DESKTOP_ENUMERATE = &H40
        DESKTOP_WRITEOBJECTS = &H80
        DESKTOP_SWITCHDESKTOP = &H100
        WINSTA_ENUMDESKTOPS = &H1
        WINSTA_READATTRIBUTES = &H2
        WINSTA_ACCESSCLIPBOARD = &H4
        WINSTA_CREATEDESKTOP = &H8
        WINSTA_WRITEATTRIBUTES = &H10
        WINSTA_ACCESSGLOBALATOMS = &H20
        WINSTA_EXITWINDOWS = &H40
        WINSTA_ENUMERATE = &H100
        WINSTA_READSCREEN = &H200
        WINSTA_ALL_ACCESS = &H37F
    End Enum

    <StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)>
    Private Structure PROCESS_INFORMATION
        Public hProcess As IntPtr
        Public hThread As IntPtr
        Public dwProcessId As System.UInt32
        Public dwThreadId As System.UInt32
    End Structure

    <StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)>
    Private Structure SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES
        Public nLength As System.UInt32
        Public lpSecurityDescriptor As IntPtr
        Public bInheritHandle As Boolean
    End Structure

    <StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)>
    Private Structure STARTUPINFO
        Public cb As System.UInt32
        Public lpReserved As String
        Public lpDesktop As String
        Public lpTitle As String
        Public dwX As System.UInt32
        Public dwY As System.UInt32
        Public dwXSize As System.UInt32
        Public dwYSize As System.UInt32
        Public dwXCountChars As System.UInt32
        Public dwYCountChars As System.UInt32
        Public dwFillAttribute As System.UInt32
        Public dwFlags As System.UInt32
        Public wShowWindow As Short
        Public cbReserved2 As Short
        Public lpReserved2 As IntPtr
        Public hStdInput As IntPtr
        Public hStdOutput As IntPtr
        Public hStdError As IntPtr
    End Structure

    Private Enum SECURITY_IMPERSONATION_LEVEL
        SecurityAnonymous = 0
        SecurityIdentification = 1
        SecurityImpersonation = 2
        SecurityDelegation = 3
    End Enum

    Private Enum TOKEN_TYPE
        TokenPrimary = 1
        TokenImpersonation = 2
    End Enum

    Structure LUID
        Public LowPart As UInt32
        Public HighPart As Integer
    End Structure

    Structure TOKEN_PRIVILEGES
        Public PrivilegeCount As Integer
        Public TheLuid As LUID
        Public Attributes As Integer
    End Structure

    Enum TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS
        TokenUser = 1
        TokenGroups
        TokenPrivileges
        TokenOwner
        TokenPrimaryGroup
        TokenDefaultDacl
        TokenSource
        TokenType
        TokenImpersonationLevel
        TokenStatistics
        TokenRestrictedSids
        TokenSessionId
        TokenGroupsAndPrivileges
        TokenSessionReference
        TokenSandBoxInert
        TokenAuditPolicy
        TokenOrigin
        TokenElevationType
        TokenLinkedToken
        TokenElevation
        TokenHasRestrictions
        TokenAccessInformation
        TokenVirtualizationAllowed
        TokenVirtualizationEnabled
        TokenIntegrityLevel
        TokenUIAccess
        TokenMandatoryPolicy
        TokenLogonSid
        MaxTokenInfoClass
    End Enum

    <StructLayoutAttribute(LayoutKind.Sequential)>
    Public Structure SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR
        Public revision As Byte
        Public size As Byte
        Public control As Short
        Public owner As IntPtr
        Public group As IntPtr
        Public sacl As IntPtr
        Public dacl As IntPtr
    End Structure

    <DllImport("advapi32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError:=True)>
    Private Shared Function AdjustTokenPrivileges(ByVal TokenHandle As IntPtr,
                                                  ByVal DisableAllPrivileges As Boolean,
                                                  ByRef NewState As TOKEN_PRIVILEGES,
                                                  ByVal BufferLengthInBytes As UInt32,
                                                  ByRef PreviousState As TOKEN_PRIVILEGES,
                                                  ByRef ReturnLengthInBytes As UInt32) As Boolean
    End Function

    <DllImport("advapi32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError:=True)>
    Private Shared Function CreateProcessAsUser(ByVal hToken As IntPtr,
                                                ByVal lpApplicationName As String,
                                                ByVal lpCommandLine As String,
                                                ByRef lpProcessAttributes As SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES,
                                                ByRef lpThreadAttributes As SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES,
                                                ByVal bInheritHandles As Boolean,
                                                ByVal dwCreationFlags As UInteger,
                                                ByVal lpEnvironment As IntPtr,
                                                ByVal lpCurrentDirectory As String,
                                                ByRef lpStartupInfo As STARTUPINFO,
                                                ByRef lpProcessInformation As PROCESS_INFORMATION) As Boolean
    End Function

    <DllImport("advapi32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError:=True)>
    Private Shared Function DuplicateTokenEx(ByVal hExistingToken As IntPtr,
                                             ByVal dwDesiredAccess As UInteger,
                                             ByRef lpTokenAttributes As SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES,
                                             ByVal ImpersonationLevel As SECURITY_IMPERSONATION_LEVEL,
                                             ByVal TokenType As TOKEN_TYPE,
                                             ByRef phNewToken As IntPtr) As Boolean
    End Function

    <DllImport("advapi32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError:=True)>
    Private Shared Function ImpersonateLoggedOnUser(ByVal hToken As IntPtr) As Boolean
    End Function

    <DllImport("advapi32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError:=True)>
    Private Shared Function OpenProcessToken(ByVal ProcessHandle As IntPtr,
                                             ByVal DesiredAccess As Integer,
                                             ByRef TokenHandle As IntPtr) As Boolean
    End Function

    <DllImport("advapi32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError:=True)>
    Private Shared Function RevertToSelf() As Boolean
    End Function

    <DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError:=True)>
    Private Shared Function CloseHandle(ByVal hObject As IntPtr) As Boolean
    End Function

    <DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError:=True)>
    Private Shared Function GetProcessWindowStation() As IntPtr
    End Function

    <DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError:=True)>
    Private Shared Function OpenDesktop(ByVal lpszDesktop As String,
                                        ByVal dwFlags As Integer,
                                        ByVal fInderit As Boolean,
                                        ByVal dwDesiredAccess As Integer) As IntPtr
    End Function

    <DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError:=True)>
    Private Shared Function OpenWindowStation(ByVal lpszWinSta As String,
                                              ByVal fInherit As Boolean,
                                              ByVal dwDesiredAccess As ACCESS_MASK) As IntPtr
    End Function

    <DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError:=True)>
    Private Shared Function SetProcessWindowStation(ByVal hWinSta As IntPtr) As Boolean
    End Function

    Public Shared Function LaunchProcess(ByVal CmdLine As String) As Boolean

        ' Declare and initialize variables
        Dim ExplorerProcesses As Process()
        Dim UserTokenHandle As IntPtr
        Dim PrimaryTokenHandle As IntPtr
        Dim CurrentWinStationHandle As IntPtr
        Dim InteractiveWinStationHandle As IntPtr
        Dim InteractiveDesktopHandle As IntPtr
        Dim StartupInfo As STARTUPINFO
        Dim ProcessInfo As PROCESS_INFORMATION

        ' Get all explorer.exe IDs
        ExplorerProcesses = Process.GetProcessesByName("explorer")

        ' Verify explorers were found
        If ExplorerProcesses.Length = 0 Then

            ' Return
            Return True

        End If

        ' Iterate each explorer.exe process
        For Each ExplorerProcess As Process In ExplorerProcesses

            ' Get the user token handle address (Query access level)
            If OpenProcessToken(ExplorerProcess.Handle, TokenAccessLevels.MaximumAllowed, UserTokenHandle) = False Then

                ' Do some error handling

                ' Iterate the next process
                Continue For

            End If

            ' Get a primary token
            If DuplicateTokenEx(UserTokenHandle,
                                TokenAccessLevels.MaximumAllowed,
                                Nothing,
                                SECURITY_IMPERSONATION_LEVEL.SecurityImpersonation,
                                TOKEN_TYPE.TokenPrimary,
                                PrimaryTokenHandle) = False Then

                ' Do some error handling

                ' Iterate the next process
                Continue For

            End If

            ' Save a handle to the current window station
            CurrentWinStationHandle = GetProcessWindowStation()

            ' Check for valid handle to the windows station
            If CurrentWinStationHandle = IntPtr.Zero Then

                ' Do some error handling

                ' Iterate the next process
                Continue For

            End If

            ' Get a handle to the interactive window station
            InteractiveWinStationHandle = OpenWindowStation("winsta0", False, ACCESS_MASK.READ_CONTROL Or ACCESS_MASK.WRITE_DAC)

            ' Check for a valid handle
            If InteractiveWinStationHandle = Nothing Then

                ' Do some error handling

                ' Iterate the next user
                Continue For

            End If

            ' To get the correct default desktop, set the caller's window station to the interactive window station
            If SetProcessWindowStation(InteractiveWinStationHandle) = False Then

                ' Do some error handling

                ' Iterate the next user
                Continue For

            End If

            ' Get handle to interactive desktop
            InteractiveDesktopHandle = OpenDesktop("default",
                                                   0,
                                                   False,
                                                   ACCESS_MASK.READ_CONTROL Or
                                                   ACCESS_MASK.WRITE_DAC Or
                                                   ACCESS_MASK.DESKTOP_WRITEOBJECTS Or
                                                   ACCESS_MASK.DESKTOP_READOBJECTS)

            ' Restore the caller's window station
            If SetProcessWindowStation(CurrentWinStationHandle) = False Then

                ' Do some error handling

                ' Iterate the next user
                Continue For

            End If

            ' Check for a valid handle
            If InteractiveDesktopHandle = IntPtr.Zero Then

                ' Do some error handling

                ' Iterate the next user
                Continue For

            End If

            ' Initialize process and startup info
            ProcessInfo = New PROCESS_INFORMATION
            StartupInfo = New STARTUPINFO
            StartupInfo.cb = Marshal.SizeOf(StartupInfo)
            StartupInfo.lpDesktop = "winsta0\default"

            ' Impersonate client to ensure access to executable file
            If ImpersonateLoggedOnUser(PrimaryTokenHandle) = False Then

                ' Do some error handling

                ' Iterate the next user
                Continue For

            End If

            ' Launch the process in the client's logon session
            If CreateProcessAsUser(PrimaryTokenHandle,
                                   Nothing,
                                   CmdLine,
                                   Nothing,
                                   Nothing,
                                   False,
                                   CreateProcessFlags.CREATE_UNICODE_ENVIRONMENT Or
                                   CreateProcessFlags.NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS Or,
                                   Nothing,
                                   Nothing,
                                   StartupInfo,
                                   ProcessInfo) = False Then

                ' Do some error handling

                ' Iterate the next user
                Continue For

            End If

            ' End impersonation of client
            If RevertToSelf() = False Then

                ' Do some error handling

                ' Iterate the next user
                Continue For

            End If

        Next

        ' Check for open handle
        If Not PrimaryTokenHandle = IntPtr.Zero Then

            ' Close the handle
            CloseHandle(PrimaryTokenHandle)

        End If

        ' Return
        Return True

    End Function

End Class

我的结果：
目前，我正在测试从管理员帐户（从本地计算机上的 Visual Studio 2010 运行我的解决方案）对 LaunchProcess 函数的调用，并通过 ITCM 交付应用程序（从本地计算机上的 SYSTEM 帐户运行）。在这两种情况下，我都在用户会话中启动指定的进程，但出现以下错误：

“应用程序无法正确启动（0xc0000142）。单击“确定”关闭应用程序。”

我希望有人可以审查我的代码并为我指出正确的方向。否则，请告诉我如何调试这里到底出了什么问题。

非常感谢您提前提供的所有意见。

解决方案：

在发布完整的代码解决方案之前，我想分享一下我是如何找到答案的。在重新访问有关 CreateProcessAsUser API 函数的 MSDN 文章后，我意识到我需要验证我的进程是否确实拥有该文章提到的所需权限：

SE_INCREASE_QUOTA_NAME

SE_ASSIGNPRIMARYTOKEN_NAME

另外，本文中没有提及，但对于查找和调整令牌权限以启用上述权限的其他一些相关 Windows API 调用可能至关重要的是：

SE_TCB_NAME

回想一下，我的应用程序是使用 CA 的 IT 客户端管理器 (ITCM) 软件以 Windows 服务器和 PC 为目标交付的。核心 CA ITCM 代理服务以“本地系统”身份登录，但其插件执行所有脏工作启动并以系统帐户运行。显然，系统帐户和“本地系统”帐户之间存在巨大差异。

使用 SysInternal 的 Process Explorer 工具，我能够检查我的应用程序并发现它没有拥有所有必需的权限。自从我运行测试以来已经有一段时间了，所以我忘记了实际上没有持有哪个特权。

我犯的最初错误是编写非托管 Windows API 函数调用来尝试启用缺失的权限，但不幸的是它并不能以这种方式工作。您的进程要么有特权，要么没有，就这样。如果它拥有该特权，那么您唯一的责任就是确保启用该特权。

为了克服这个问题，我不得不使用不同的方法。为了获得我所需的权限，我的应用程序需要作为服务安装和执行，因此它可以作为“本地系统”帐户运行。然而，仅仅为了满足这一简单的需求而将整个应用程序重新设计为可安装服务是没有意义的。

相反，我创建了第二个 VB.NET 项目，这就是我要发布的代码。第二个项目是一个简单的 Windows 服务，它接受启动参数。第一个启动参数是您希望为每个登录用户启动的应用程序。任何剩余的启动参数都会作为启动开关传递到您指定的应用程序:-)

有了一项服务，该服务现在拥有适当的权限，并且可以动态接收启动参数，以准确指定您想要为每个登录用户启动的内容，我将生成的可执行文件嵌入到我的第一个项目中。

我的第一个项目以 SYSTEM 帐户运行，拥有安装新系统服务的权利/许可/特权。它还有权启动该系统服务，传递我为系统中每个登录用户启动托盘服务所需的参数。问题解决了！

这是我的 Windows 服务的代码--

启动服务.vb：

'****************************** Class Header *******************************\
' Project Name: LaunchService
' Class Name:   LaunchService
' File Name:    LaunchService.vb
' Author:       fonbr01
' 
' THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
' EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
' MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
' IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR
' OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
' ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
' OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
'***************************************************************************/

Public Class LaunchService

    Protected Overrides Sub OnStart(ByVal args() As String)

        ' Local Variables
        Dim AppName As String

        ' Get the application name
        AppName = args(0)
        args(0) = " "

        ' Check for additional arguments
        If args.Length > 1 Then

            ' Shift the arguments
            For i As Integer = 1 To args.Length - 1

                ' Swap the args
                args(i - 1) = args(i)

            Next

            ' Remove the last argument
            args(args.Length - 1) = ""

        End If

        ' Launch the App for all users
        WindowsAPI.LaunchProcess(AppName, args)

    End Sub

    Protected Overrides Sub OnStop()

    End Sub

End Class

WindowsAPI.vb：

'****************************** Class Header *******************************\
' Project Name: LaunchService
' Class Name:   WindowsAPI
' File Name:    WindowsAPI.vb
' Author:       fonbr01
' 
' THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
' EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
' MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
' IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR
' OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
' ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
' OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
'***************************************************************************/

' Imports
Imports Microsoft.Win32.SafeHandles
Imports System.ComponentModel
Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices
Imports System.Security.Principal
Imports System.Diagnostics

' Windows API Class
Public Class WindowsAPI

    ' *************************
    ' * Windows API Functions
    ' *************************

    <DllImport("advapi32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError:=True)>
    Private Shared Function AdjustTokenPrivileges(
        <[In]()> ByVal TokenHandle As SafeTokenHandle,
        <[In](), MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)> ByVal DisableAllPrivileges As Boolean,
        <[In]()> ByRef NewState As TOKEN_PRIVILEGES,
        <[In]()> ByVal BufferLengthInBytes As UInt32,
        <Out()> ByRef PreviousState As TOKEN_PRIVILEGES,
        <Out()> ByRef ReturnLengthInBytes As UInt32) As <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)> Boolean
    End Function

    <DllImport("advapi32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError:=True)>
    Private Shared Function CreateProcessAsUser(
        <[In]()> ByVal hToken As SafeTokenHandle,
        <[In](), MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)> ByVal lpApplicationName As String,
        <[In](), Out(), MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)> ByVal lpCommandLine As String,
        <[In]()> ByRef lpProcessAttributes As SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES,
        <[In]()> ByRef lpThreadAttributes As SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES,
        <[In](), MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)> ByVal bInheritHandles As Boolean,
        <[In]()> ByVal dwCreationFlags As UInteger,
        <[In]()> ByVal lpEnvironment As IntPtr,
        <[In](), MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)> ByVal lpCurrentDirectory As String,
        <[In]()> ByRef lpStartupInfo As STARTUPINFO,
        <Out()> ByRef lpProcessInformation As PROCESS_INFORMATION) As <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)> Boolean
    End Function

    <DllImport("advapi32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError:=True)>
    Private Shared Function DuplicateToken(
        <[In]()> ByVal ExistingTokenHandle As SafeTokenHandle,
        <[In]()> ByVal ImpersonationLevel As SECURITY_IMPERSONATION_LEVEL,
        <Out()> ByRef DuplicateTokenHandle As SafeTokenHandle) As <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)> Boolean
    End Function

    <DllImport("advapi32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError:=True)>
    Private Shared Function DuplicateTokenEx(
        <[In]()> ByVal hExistingToken As IntPtr,
        <[In]()> ByVal dwDesiredAccess As UInteger,
        <[In]()> ByRef lpTokenAttributes As SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES,
        <[In]()> ByVal ImpersonationLevel As SECURITY_IMPERSONATION_LEVEL,
        <[In]()> ByVal TokenType As TOKEN_TYPE,
        <Out()> ByRef phNewToken As SafeTokenHandle) As <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)> Boolean
    End Function

    <DllImport("advapi32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError:=True)>
    Private Shared Function LookupPrivilegeValue(
        <[In](), MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)> ByVal lpSystemName As String,
        <[In](), MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)> ByVal lpName As String,
        <Out()> ByRef lpLuid As LUID) As <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)> Boolean
    End Function

    <DllImport("advapi32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError:=True)> _
    Private Shared Function OpenProcessToken(
        <[In]()> ByVal hProcess As IntPtr,
        <[In]()> ByVal desiredAccess As UInt32,
        <Out()> ByRef hToken As SafeTokenHandle) As <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)> Boolean
    End Function


    ' *************************
    ' * Structures
    ' *************************

    <StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)>
    Private Structure PROCESS_INFORMATION
        Public hProcess As IntPtr
        Public hThread As IntPtr
        Public dwProcessId As System.UInt32
        Public dwThreadId As System.UInt32
    End Structure

    <StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)>
    Private Structure SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES
        Public nLength As System.UInt32
        Public lpSecurityDescriptor As IntPtr
        Public bInheritHandle As Boolean
    End Structure

    <StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)>
    Private Structure STARTUPINFO
        Public cb As System.UInt32
        Public lpReserved As String
        Public lpDesktop As String
        Public lpTitle As String
        Public dwX As System.UInt32
        Public dwY As System.UInt32
        Public dwXSize As System.UInt32
        Public dwYSize As System.UInt32
        Public dwXCountChars As System.UInt32
        Public dwYCountChars As System.UInt32
        Public dwFillAttribute As System.UInt32
        Public dwFlags As System.UInt32
        Public wShowWindow As Short
        Public cbReserved2 As Short
        Public lpReserved2 As IntPtr
        Public hStdInput As IntPtr
        Public hStdOutput As IntPtr
        Public hStdError As IntPtr
    End Structure

    Private Structure LUID
        Public LowPart As UInt32
        Public HighPart As Integer
    End Structure

    Private Structure LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES
        Public Luid As LUID
        Public Attributes As Integer
    End Structure

    Private Structure TOKEN_PRIVILEGES
        Public PrivilegeCount As UInt32
        <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray)> Public Privileges() As LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES
    End Structure


    ' ******************************
    ' * Enumerations
    ' ******************************

    Private Enum CreateProcessFlags
        DEBUG_PROCESS = &H1
        DEBUG_ONLY_THIS_PROCESS = &H2
        CREATE_SUSPENDED = &H4
        DETACHED_PROCESS = &H8
        CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE = &H10
        NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS = &H20
        IDLE_PRIORITY_CLASS = &H40
        HIGH_PRIORITY_CLASS = &H80
        REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS = &H100
        CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP = &H200
        CREATE_UNICODE_ENVIRONMENT = &H400
        CREATE_SEPARATE_WOW_VDM = &H800
        CREATE_SHARED_WOW_VDM = &H1000
        CREATE_FORCEDOS = &H2000
        BELOW_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS = &H4000
        ABOVE_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS = &H8000
        INHERIT_PARENT_AFFINITY = &H10000
        INHERIT_CALLER_PRIORITY = &H20000
        CREATE_PROTECTED_PROCESS = &H40000
        EXTENDED_STARTUPINFO_PRESENT = &H80000
        PROCESS_MODE_BACKGROUND_BEGIN = &H100000
        PROCESS_MODE_BACKGROUND_END = &H200000
        CREATE_BREAKAWAY_FROM_JOB = &H1000000
        CREATE_PRESERVE_CODE_AUTHZ_LEVEL = &H2000000
        CREATE_DEFAULT_ERROR_MODE = &H4000000
        CREATE_NO_WINDOW = &H8000000
        PROFILE_USER = &H10000000
        PROFILE_KERNEL = &H20000000
        PROFILE_SERVER = &H40000000
        CREATE_IGNORE_SYSTEM_DEFAULT = &H80000000
    End Enum

    Private Enum SECURITY_IMPERSONATION_LEVEL
        SecurityAnonymous = 0
        SecurityIdentification
        SecurityImpersonation
        SecurityDelegation
    End Enum

    Private Enum TOKEN_TYPE
        TokenPrimary = 1
        TokenImpersonation = 2
    End Enum


    ' ******************************
    ' * Constants
    ' ******************************

    Private Const SE_ASSIGNPRIMARYTOKEN_NAME As String = "SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_INCREASE_QUOTA_NAME As String = "SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_TCB_NAME As String = "SeTcbPrivilege"
    Private Const SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED As UInt32 = &H2


    ' ******************************
    ' * Safe Token Handle Class
    ' ******************************

    Private Class SafeTokenHandle
        Inherits SafeHandleZeroOrMinusOneIsInvalid

        Private Sub New()
            MyBase.New(True)
        End Sub

        Friend Sub New(ByVal handle As IntPtr)
            MyBase.New(True)
            MyBase.SetHandle(handle)
        End Sub

        <DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError:=True)>
        Friend Shared Function CloseHandle(ByVal handle As IntPtr) As Boolean
        End Function

        Protected Overrides Function ReleaseHandle() As Boolean
            Return SafeTokenHandle.CloseHandle(MyBase.handle)
        End Function

    End Class


    ' ******************************
    ' * Increase Privileges Function
    ' ******************************

    Public Shared Function IncreasePrivileges() As Boolean

        ' Local variables
        Dim hToken As SafeTokenHandle = Nothing
        Dim luid As LUID
        Dim NewState As TOKEN_PRIVILEGES
        NewState.PrivilegeCount = 1
        ReDim NewState.Privileges(0)

        ' Get current process token
        If OpenProcessToken(Diagnostics.Process.GetCurrentProcess.Handle, TokenAccessLevels.MaximumAllowed, hToken) = False Then

            ' Write debug
            WriteEvent("Error: Windows API OpenProcessToken function returns an error." + Environment.NewLine +
                       "Windows API error code: " + Marshal.GetLastWin32Error.ToString, EventLogEntryType.Error)

            ' Return
            Return False

        End If

        ' Lookup SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege
        If Not LookupPrivilegeValue(Nothing, SE_INCREASE_QUOTA_NAME, luid) Then

            ' Write debug
            WriteEvent("Error: Windows API LookupPrivilegeValue function returns an error." + Environment.NewLine +
                       "Windows API error code: " + Marshal.GetLastWin32Error.ToString, EventLogEntryType.Error)

            ' Return
            Return False

        End If

        ' Enable SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege
        NewState.Privileges(0).Luid = luid
        NewState.Privileges(0).Attributes = SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED

        ' Adjust the token privileges
        If Not AdjustTokenPrivileges(hToken, False, NewState, Marshal.SizeOf(NewState), Nothing, Nothing) Then

            ' Write debug
            WriteEvent("Error: Windows API AdjustTokenPrivileges function returns an error." + Environment.NewLine +
                       "Windows API error code: " + Marshal.GetLastWin32Error.ToString, EventLogEntryType.Error)

            ' Return
            Return False

        End If

        ' Lookup SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege
        If Not LookupPrivilegeValue(Nothing, SE_ASSIGNPRIMARYTOKEN_NAME, luid) Then

            ' Write debug
            WriteEvent("Error: Windows API LookupPrivilegeValue function returns an error." + Environment.NewLine +
                       "Windows API error code: " + Marshal.GetLastWin32Error.ToString, EventLogEntryType.Error)

            ' Return
            Return False

        End If

        ' Enable SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege
        NewState.Privileges(0).Luid = luid
        NewState.Privileges(0).Attributes = SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED

        ' Adjust the token privileges
        If Not AdjustTokenPrivileges(hToken, False, NewState, Marshal.SizeOf(NewState), Nothing, Nothing) Then

            ' Write debug
            WriteEvent("Error: Windows API AdjustTokenPrivileges function returns an error." + Environment.NewLine +
                       "Windows API error code: " + Marshal.GetLastWin32Error.ToString, EventLogEntryType.Error)

            ' Return
            Return False

        End If

        ' Lookup SeTcbPrivilege
        If Not LookupPrivilegeValue(Nothing, SE_TCB_NAME, luid) Then

            ' Write debug
            WriteEvent("Error: Windows API LookupPrivilegeValue function returns an error." + Environment.NewLine +
                       "Windows API error code: " + Marshal.GetLastWin32Error.ToString, EventLogEntryType.Error)

            ' Return
            Return False

        End If

        ' Enable SeTcbPrivilege
        NewState.Privileges(0).Luid = luid
        NewState.Privileges(0).Attributes = SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED

        ' Adjust the token privileges
        If Not AdjustTokenPrivileges(hToken, False, NewState, Marshal.SizeOf(NewState), Nothing, Nothing) Then

            ' Write debug
            WriteEvent("Error: Windows API AdjustTokenPrivileges function returns an error." + Environment.NewLine +
                       "Windows API error code: " + Marshal.GetLastWin32Error.ToString, EventLogEntryType.Error)

            ' Return
            Return False

        End If

        ' Return
        Return True

    End Function


    ' ******************************
    ' * Launch Process Sub
    ' ******************************

    Public Shared Sub LaunchProcess(ByVal CmdLine As String, ByVal args As String())

        ' Local variables
        Dim Arguments As String = ""
        Dim ExplorerProcesses As Process()
        Dim hToken As SafeTokenHandle = Nothing
        Dim principle As WindowsIdentity
        Dim phNewToken As SafeTokenHandle = Nothing
        Dim si As STARTUPINFO
        Dim pi As PROCESS_INFORMATION

        ' Process arguments
        For Each arg As String In args

            ' Build argument string
            Arguments += " " + arg

        Next

        ' Increase Privileges
        If IncreasePrivileges() = False Then

            ' Write debug
            WriteEvent("Warning: Failed to increase current process privileges.", EventLogEntryType.Warning)

        End If

        ' Get all explorer.exe IDs
        ExplorerProcesses = Process.GetProcessesByName("explorer")

        ' Verify explorers were found
        If ExplorerProcesses.Length = 0 Then

            ' Write debug
            WriteEvent("Warning: No explorer.exe processes found.", EventLogEntryType.Warning)

            ' Return
            Exit Sub

        End If

        ' Iterate each explorer.exe process
        For Each hProcess As Process In ExplorerProcesses

            ' Get the user token handle
            If OpenProcessToken(hProcess.Handle, TokenAccessLevels.MaximumAllowed, hToken) = False Then

                ' Write debug
                WriteEvent("Error: Windows API OpenProcessToken function returns an error." + Environment.NewLine +
                           "Windows API error code: " + Marshal.GetLastWin32Error.ToString, EventLogEntryType.Error)

                ' Iterate the next process
                Continue For

            End If

            ' Get the windows identity
            principle = New WindowsIdentity(hToken.DangerousGetHandle)

            ' Get a primary token
            If Not DuplicateTokenEx(hToken.DangerousGetHandle,
                TokenAccessLevels.MaximumAllowed,
                Nothing,
                SECURITY_IMPERSONATION_LEVEL.SecurityImpersonation,
                TOKEN_TYPE.TokenPrimary,
                phNewToken) Then

                ' Write debug
                WriteEvent("Error: Windows API DuplicateTokenEx function returns an error." + Environment.NewLine +
                           "Windows API error code: " + Marshal.GetLastWin32Error.ToString, EventLogEntryType.Error)

                ' Iterate the next process
                Continue For

            End If

            ' Initialize process and startup info
            pi = New PROCESS_INFORMATION
            si = New STARTUPINFO
            si.cb = Marshal.SizeOf(si)
            si.lpDesktop = Nothing

            ' Launch the process in the client's logon session
            If Not CreateProcessAsUser(phNewToken,
                Nothing,
                CmdLine + Arguments,
                Nothing,
                Nothing,
                False,
                CreateProcessFlags.CREATE_UNICODE_ENVIRONMENT,
                Nothing,
                Nothing,
                si,
                pi) Then

                ' Write debug
                WriteEvent("Error: Windows API CreateProcessAsUser function returns an error." + Environment.NewLine +
                           "Windows API error code: " + Marshal.GetLastWin32Error.ToString, EventLogEntryType.Error)

            Else

                ' Write debug
                WriteEvent("Created new user process: " + Environment.NewLine +
                           "User:     " + principle.Name + Environment.NewLine +
                           "Process:  " + CmdLine + Arguments + Environment.NewLine +
                           "PID:      " + pi.dwProcessId.ToString, EventLogEntryType.Information)

            End If

            ' Free resources
            hToken.Close()
            hToken = Nothing
            phNewToken.Close()
            phNewToken = Nothing
            principle = Nothing
            pi = Nothing
            si = Nothing

        Next

    End Sub


    ' ******************************
    ' * Write Event Log Sub
    ' ******************************

    Public Shared Sub WriteEvent(EventMessage As String, EntryType As EventLogEntryType)

        ' Check if event source exists
        If Not EventLog.SourceExists("WinOffline Launch Service") Then

            ' Create the event source
            EventLog.CreateEventSource("WinOffline Launch Service", "System")

        End If

        ' Write the message
        EventLog.WriteEntry("WinOffline Launch Service", EventMessage, EntryType)

    End Sub

End Class

执行：

如上所述，我从第二个项目中获取了服务可执行文件，将其作为“现有项目”添加到 Visual Studio 中到我的第一个项目中。然后，我更改了“构建操作”，将服务可执行文件嵌入到我的第一个应用程序可执行文件中。

当第一个应用程序在目标上执行时，它会运行代码以将嵌入式可执行文件提取到目标计算机。你可以谷歌一下这个代码，它相当简单。

将嵌入式服务可执行文件提取到本地系统上的路径后，这是我运行的四个“sc”命令 -

sc create <ServiceName> binpath= <Full Path to Service Executable> start= demand
sc start <ServiceName> <Full Path to App to Launch for all Users> <Parameters>
sc stop <ServiceName>
sc delete <ServiceName>

注意：在第一个 sc 命令中，请记住在等号后面添加空格。

使用 sc 命令比使用 installutil.exe 或创建安装项目将服务打包在 MSI 中并安装要简单得多。只需确保等待每个 sc 命令返回，然后再继续下一个命令即可。

最后注意事项：

对于所有提供积极见解和反馈的人，非常感谢您的帮助。对于像你们这样的好人，我很乐意发布我的代码。对于所有告诉我这不可能完成或试图断言刺入用户桌面并运行某些内容是恶意的人，我礼貌地鼓励您开始跳出框框思考。我不想让你在我的团队里工作！

带着这样的心态走过人生，如果某件事在错误的人手中可能会产生恶意或危险的影响，那么它根本不应该完成，这是一个滑坡。你的臭想法与宇宙中一切美好的事物背道而驰。