每个 x 轴刻度具有不同因子顺序的条形图

我正在回答这个问题 https://stackoverflow.com/questions/74283906/overlaying-geom-bar-and-missing-values@Léo 想要一个条形图stat = "identity" and position = "identity"。这会导致出现条形图（每个值对应一个fill审美）相互重叠，使一些隐藏起来：

他的解决方案是设置alpha = 0.5，但他不喜欢这个结果，因为每个 x 轴刻度中的颜色以不同的方式混合。因此，我认为解决方案是为每个 x 轴刻度设置不同的颜色顺序，但我不知道如何在 ggplot 中执行此操作。

我尝试过的：

虚拟数据：

library(tidyverse)
set.seed(7)

df = tibble(
  categories = rep(c("a", "b", "c"), each = 3) %>% factor(),
  xaxis = rep(1:3, 3) %>% factor(),
  yaxis = runif(9))

绘制“原始”图表的内容如上所示：

ggplot() +
  geom_bar(aes(xaxis, yaxis, fill = categories), df,
           stat = "identity", position = "identity")

我的尝试：改变categories级别顺序并创建不同的geom_bar对于每个 x 轴值，使用 for 循环：

g = ggplot()

for(x in unique(df$xaxis)){
  df.x = df %>% filter(xaxis == x) %>% mutate(categories = fct_reorder(categories, yaxis))
  g = g + geom_bar(aes(xaxis, yaxis, fill = categories), df.x,
                   stat = "identity", position = "identity")}
plot(g)

df.x 上的级别实际上每次迭代都会更改为正确的顺序，但会生成与之前相同的图表。

我在下面绘制了一个传统的重叠图和（如果我理解正确的话）您想要的图来比较结果：

library(tidyverse)
set.seed(7)

df = tibble(
  categories = rep(c("a", "b", "c"), each = 3) %>% factor(),
  xaxis = rep(1:3, 3) %>% factor(),
  yaxis = runif(9))

ggplot() +
  geom_bar(aes(xaxis, yaxis, fill = categories, group=categories), df, alpha=0.8,
           stat = "identity", position = position_dodge(width=0.3,preserve = "single"))

df<-df %>% group_by(xaxis) %>% mutate(rank=rank(-yaxis)) %>% 
  pivot_wider(values_from=yaxis, names_from = rank, values_fill = 0, 
              names_sort = T, names_prefix = "rank")

print(df)
#> # A tibble: 9 × 5
#> # Groups:   xaxis [3]
#>   categories xaxis rank1 rank2  rank3
#>   <fct>      <fct> <dbl> <dbl>  <dbl>
#> 1 a          1     0.989 0     0     
#> 2 a          2     0     0.398 0     
#> 3 a          3     0     0     0.116 
#> 4 b          1     0     0     0.0697
#> 5 b          2     0     0     0.244 
#> 6 b          3     0.792 0     0     
#> 7 c          1     0     0.340 0     
#> 8 c          2     0.972 0     0     
#> 9 c          3     0     0.166 0

g <- reduce(
  map(paste0("rank",1:3),
    ~geom_bar(aes(xaxis, .data[[.x]], fill=categories), stat="identity", position="identity")), 
    `+`, .init = ggplot(df) )

g

^{Created on 2022-11-02 with reprex v2.0.2 https://reprex.tidyverse.org}

EDIT

多亏了 Park 和this https://stackoverflow.com/questions/62078386/reorder-overlaid-bars-in-plot-so-longer-bars-are-in-back-r post

set.seed(7)

df = tibble(
  categories = rep(c("a", "b", "c"), each = 3) %>% factor(),
  xaxis = rep(1:3, 3) %>% factor(),
  yaxis = runif(9))

df %>% group_by(xaxis) %>% arrange(rank(-yaxis)) %>% 
ggplot() + geom_bar(aes(xaxis, yaxis, fill=categories), stat="identity", position="identity")