错误描述

我无法在 Vagrant 或 Docker 中挂载文件，所以这似乎是由某种权限错误引起的问题。
我的操作系统是Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Bionic Beaver)，我没有运行任何访问控制模块，例如SELinux据我所知。

Vagrant相关的错误讨论可以在另一个问题中找到：无法在 Vagrant 中挂载文件 https://stackoverflow.com/questions/50511013/unable-to-mount-files-in-vagrant

Docker 故障排除

我无法使用 docker-compose 将文件挂载到 Docker 容器中，我正在尝试构建：https://github.com/fredrikaverpil/saltstack-docker https://github.com/fredrikaverpil/saltstack-docker

我将音量设置为docker-compose文件至：

volumes:
  - ${PWD}/assets/master/etc/supervisor:/etc/supervisor
  - ${PWD}/assets/master/etc/salt:/etc/salt
  - ${PWD}/assets/master/var/cache/salt:/var/cache/salt
  - ${PWD}/assets/master/var/log/salt:/var/log/salt
  - ${PWD}/assets/master/srv:/srv

然而我在运行时得到了这个输出docker-compose up:

Creating network "saltstack_default" with the default driver
Creating salt_image
Creating salt
Creating minion
Attaching to salt, minion, salt_image
salt      | Error: could not find config file /etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf
salt      | For help, use /usr/bin/supervisord -h
salt exited with code 2
salt_image exited with code 0
minion    | [ERROR   ] DNS lookup of 'salt' failed.
minion    | [ERROR   ] Master hostname: 'salt' not found. Retrying in 30 seconds

docker inspecting 容器显示正确的配置：

   "Mounts": [
        {
            "Type": "bind",
            "Source": "/somedir/saltstack/assets/master/etc/salt",
            "Destination": "/etc/salt",
            "Mode": "rw",
            "RW": true,
            "Propagation": "rprivate"
        },
        {
            "Type": "bind",
            "Source": "/somedir/saltstack/assets/master/var/cache/salt",
            "Destination": "/var/cache/salt",
            "Mode": "rw",
            "RW": true,
            "Propagation": "rprivate"
        },
        {
            "Type": "bind",
            "Source": "/somedir/saltstack/assets/master/etc/supervisor",
            "Destination": "/etc/supervisor",
            "Mode": "rw",
            "RW": true,
            "Propagation": "rprivate"
        },
        {
            "Type": "bind",
            "Source": "/somedir/saltstack/assets/master/var/log/salt",
            "Destination": "/var/log/salt",
            "Mode": "rw",
            "RW": true,
            "Propagation": "rprivate"
        },
        {
            "Type": "bind",
            "Source": "/somedir/saltstack/assets/master/srv",
            "Destination": "/srv",
            "Mode": "rw",
            "RW": true,
            "Propagation": "rprivate"
        }

但是进入容器（使用另一个入口点命令），显示应该安装的文件丢失了：

[root@salt /]# ll /etc/supervisor
total 0
[root@salt /]# ll /etc/salt
total 0
[root@salt /]# ll /var/cache/salt
total 0
[root@salt /]# ll /var/log/salt
total 0
[root@salt /]# ll /srv
total 0

结论

当涉及到复制文件时，我的本地计算机上似乎有些事情非常混乱，可能与我的用户配置方式以及将文件安装到虚拟机和容器中的访问权限有关。
如果有人能对此有所了解，我将不胜感激。

Updates

Update 1

我怀疑这是旧东西的问题/var/lib/docker我即将删除它，但在此之前我遇到了另一个错误，可能是某种权限错误：

> cat docker-compose.yml 
# based on https://docs.docker.com/samples/library/nginx/#using-environment-variables-in-nginx-configuration
version: '2'

services:
  web:
    image: nginx
    volumes:
     - ./testfile.txt:/etc/nginx/
    ports:
     - "8080:80"
    environment:
     - NGINX_HOST=foobar.com
     - NGINX_PORT=80
    command: /bin/bash -c "nginx -g 'daemon off;'"

> docker-compose up
Creating network "docker_compose-mounting_issue_default" with the default driver
Creating docker_compose-mounting_issue_web_1 ... error

ERROR: for docker_compose-mounting_issue_web_1  Cannot start service web: b'OCI runtime create failed: container_linux.go:348: starting container process caused "process_linux.go:402: container init caused \\"rootfs_linux.go:58: mounting \\\\\\"/home/.../troubleshoot/docker_compose-mounting_issue/testfile.txt\\\\\\" to rootfs \\\\\\"/var/lib/docker/aufs/mnt/580b79241399e838c67b74021ecf2597aade5f1711811f4ab5c9c7bbcd188449\\\\\\" at \\\\\\"/var/lib/docker/aufs/mnt/580b79241399e838c67b74021ecf2597aade5f1711811f4ab5c9c7bbcd188449/etc/nginx\\\\\\" caused \\\\\\"not a directory\\\\\\"\\"": unknown: Are you trying to mount a directory onto a file (or vice-versa)? Check if the specified host path exists and is the expected type'

ERROR: for web  Cannot start service web: b'OCI runtime create failed: container_linux.go:348: starting container process caused "process_linux.go:402: container init caused \\"rootfs_linux.go:58: mounting \\\\\\"/home/.../troubleshoot/docker_compose-mounting_issue/testfile.txt\\\\\\" to rootfs \\\\\\"/var/lib/docker/aufs/mnt/580b79241399e838c67b74021ecf2597aade5f1711811f4ab5c9c7bbcd188449\\\\\\" at \\\\\\"/var/lib/docker/aufs/mnt/580b79241399e838c67b74021ecf2597aade5f1711811f4ab5c9c7bbcd188449/etc/nginx\\\\\\" caused \\\\\\"not a directory\\\\\\"\\"": unknown: Are you trying to mount a directory onto a file (or vice-versa)? Check if the specified host path exists and is the expected type'
ERROR: Encountered errors while bringing up the project.

Update 2

所以我删除了所有内容/var/lib/docker/现在它可以正常工作，挂载我的文件。可能是某个地方坏了。我遇到的另一个建议是授予目录权限，chmod 777似乎对一些用户有帮助，但我认为这不太安全。

用户拥有什么文件夹权限（您登录的文件夹运行 docker-compose 命令），如果是 root 用户或用户有权访问文件夹，请将 ${PWD} 更改为相对/绝对路径文件夹的名称（您想要安装到容器的文件夹）。 docker-compose 无法理解 ${PWD} 环境变量。

例如：如果你想安装

${PWD}/assets/master/etc/supervisor:/etc/supervisor

它应该是

./assets/master/etc/supervisor:/etc/supervisor