获取 ORA-01033: ORACLE 初始化或关闭正在进行中

昨天我在笔记本电脑上安装了 Oracle 12c 企业版。当我尝试通过 SQLPLUS 连接到数据库时，出现以下错误

C:\Users\USER>sqlplus

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Sun Feb 28 14:12:46 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Enter user-name: userdb
Enter password:
ERROR:
ORA-01033: ORACLE initialization or shutdown in progress
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0

我尝试了互联网上提到的所有技巧，但无法摆脱这个错误。

我也尝试过下面

SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01109: database not open


Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1543503872 bytes
Fixed Size                  3045984 bytes
Variable Size             989857184 bytes
Database Buffers          536870912 bytes
Redo Buffers               13729792 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 10 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 10:
'C:\ORACLEDB12C\APP\USERNAME\ORADATA\ORCL\PDBORCL\EXAMPLE01.DBF'

也尝试了下面但仍然出现错误

SQL> shutdown abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1543503872 bytes
Fixed Size                  3045984 bytes
Variable Size             989857184 bytes
Database Buffers          536870912 bytes
Redo Buffers               13729792 bytes
SQL> alter database mount;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 10 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 10:
'C:\ORACLEDB12C\APP\USERNAME\ORADATA\ORCL\PDBORCL\EXAMPLE01.DBF'


SQL> recover database;
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-01110: data file 10:
'C:\ORACLEDB12C\APP\USERNAME\ORADATA\ORCL\PDBORCL\EXAMPLE01.DBF'
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 10 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 10:
'C:\ORACLEDB12C\APP\USERNAME\ORADATA\ORCL\PDBORCL\EXAMPLE01.DBF'

有人可以帮忙吗？谢谢！

我也遇到了同样的问题，只是想与您分享我的解决方案，如果其他人得到了ORA-01033: ORACLE 正在初始化或关闭Oracle 12c 数据库中出现错误。每次我尝试连接到示例模式的用户（例如 hr）时，我的数据库都会向我显示错误。

以下对我有用：

SQLPlus> connect sys as sysdba
SQLPlus> alter pluggable database all open;