单元测试cherpy web应用程序

我最近不得不重写我们的 REST API，并从 Flask 切换到 Cherrypy（主要是由于 Python 3 兼容性）。但现在我一直在尝试编写单元测试，Flask 有一个非常漂亮的内置测试客户端，您可以使用它向您的应用程序发送虚假请求（无需启动服务器）。我找不到任何类似的功能对于 Cherrypy，是否有这样的功能，或者我是否卡在启动服务器并针对它执行实际请求？

据我所知，CherryPy 确实没有提供此类测试的工具（没有正在运行的服务器）。但尽管如此，它还是相当容易做到的（尽管它依赖于 CherryPy 的一些内部结构）。

这是一个简单的展示：

from StringIO import StringIO
import unittest
import urllib

import cherrypy

local = cherrypy.lib.httputil.Host('127.0.0.1', 50000, "")
remote = cherrypy.lib.httputil.Host('127.0.0.1', 50001, "")

class Root(object):
    @cherrypy.expose
    def index(self):
        return "hello world"

    @cherrypy.expose
    def echo(self, msg):
        return msg

def setUpModule():
    cherrypy.config.update({'environment': "test_suite"})

    # prevent the HTTP server from ever starting
    cherrypy.server.unsubscribe()

    cherrypy.tree.mount(Root(), '/')
    cherrypy.engine.start()
setup_module = setUpModule

def tearDownModule():
    cherrypy.engine.exit()
teardown_module = tearDownModule

class BaseCherryPyTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
    def webapp_request(self, path='/', method='GET', **kwargs):
        headers = [('Host', '127.0.0.1')]
        qs = fd = None

        if method in ['POST', 'PUT']:
            qs = urllib.urlencode(kwargs)
            headers.append(('content-type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'))
            headers.append(('content-length', '%d' % len(qs)))
            fd = StringIO(qs)
            qs = None
        elif kwargs:
            qs = urllib.urlencode(kwargs)

        # Get our application and run the request against it
        app = cherrypy.tree.apps['']
        # Let's fake the local and remote addresses
        # Let's also use a non-secure scheme: 'http'
        request, response = app.get_serving(local, remote, 'http', 'HTTP/1.1')
        try:
            response = request.run(method, path, qs, 'HTTP/1.1', headers, fd)
        finally:
            if fd:
                fd.close()
                fd = None

        if response.output_status.startswith('500'):
            print response.body
            raise AssertionError("Unexpected error")

        # collapse the response into a bytestring
        response.collapse_body()
        return response

class TestCherryPyApp(BaseCherryPyTestCase):
    def test_index(self):
        response = self.webapp_request('/')
        self.assertEqual(response.output_status, '200 OK')
        # response body is wrapped into a list internally by CherryPy
        self.assertEqual(response.body, ['hello world'])

    def test_echo(self):
        response = self.webapp_request('/echo', msg="hey there")
        self.assertEqual(response.output_status, '200 OK')
        self.assertEqual(response.body, ["hey there"])

        response = self.webapp_request('/echo', method='POST', msg="hey there")
        self.assertEqual(response.output_status, '200 OK')
        self.assertEqual(response.body, ["hey there"])

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

编辑，我已将此答案扩展为CherryPy 食谱 https://bitbucket.org/Lawouach/cherrypy-recipes/src/50aff88dc4e24206518ec32e1c32af043f2729da/testing/unit/serverless?at=default.