Dokku 编译错误 - django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured：加载 psycopg2 模块时出错：没有名为“psycopg2”的模块

2024-02-10

我一直在尝试将构建的 Django 实例设置为数据库服务器。我选择了 DigitalOcean 作为我的平台，并了解到 Dokku 是一个有用的 PaaS 系统，它将为我尝试部署的 API 提供更好的可扩展性。

在过去的 3-4 天里，我一直在解决这个问题，并且确实已经尝试了我可以在网上找到的所有可能的解决方案。

作为一名前端开发人员，我对后端安装问题非常不擅长。

起初我以为 Dokku 是一种 Git-push 功能，我将从其中推送本地主机 -> Dokku -> Git -> 部署.

深入挖掘后，我为 Dokku 设置了公钥-私钥来授权 Git 推送到 Github。

最终，在最终放弃这条路线之后，我确实意识到我错了，Dokku 应该工作的方式大致是本地主机 -> Git 推送 -> Dokku -> 部署.

在过去的 15-18 小时的开发过程中一直致力于此。该流程似乎有效，我实际上不需要在 DigitalOcean Droplet 上进行太多安装。

然而，我面临的最大问题是这个

我当前的安装是这样的：

DigitalOcean Droplet 1-click Dokku 版本 0.14.6
操作系统 Ubuntu 18.04

我已将在以下在线博客和论坛中找到的所有建议文件添加到根文件夹下：


requirements.txt
---
absl-py==0.4.0
astor==0.7.1
backports.weakref==1.0.post1
dj-database-url==0.5.0
Django==1.11.20
django-cors-headers==3.0.0
django-filter==2.0.0
djangorestframework==3.9.4
enum34==1.1.6
funcsigs==1.0.2
futures==3.2.0
gast==0.2.0
GDAL==2.4.1
grpcio==1.14.1
h5py==2.8.0
Keras==2.2.2
Keras-Applications==1.0.4
Keras-Preprocessing==1.0.2
Markdown==2.6.11
mock==2.0.0
nose==1.3.7
numpy==1.16.3
pbr==4.2.0
Pillow==6.0.0
protobuf==3.6.1
psycopg2==2.8.2
pytz==2019.1
PyYAML==3.13
scipy==1.1.0
six==1.11.0
sqlparse==0.3.0
tensorboard==1.10.0
tensorflow==1.10.1
termcolor==1.1.0
Theano==1.0.2
virtualenv==16.5.0
Werkzeug==0.14.1
whitenoise==4.1.2


---
runtime.txt
---
<code>python-3.6.8</code>



app.json
---
{
    "scripts": {
      "dokku": {
        "postdeploy": "./manage.py migrate"
      }
    }
  }



---
Procfile
---
web: gunicorn core.wsgi — log-file -



---
settings.py
---
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
        'NAME': 'dbname',
        'USER': 'dbuser',
        'PASSWORD': 'dbpassword',
        'HOST': 'localhost',
        'PORT': '5432',
    },
    'original': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }

}

我在输入后期待“git推送dokku大师“编译将为我提供一个部署 URL，我可以查看并启动 Django 服务器。

然而，我面临的却是：


Enumerating objects: 8664, done.
Counting objects: 100% (8664/8664), done.
Delta compression using up to 8 threads
Compressing objects: 100% (5363/5363), done.
Writing objects: 100% (8664/8664), 17.23 MiB | 3.67 MiB/s, done.
Total 8664 (delta 2186), reused 8568 (delta 2157)
remote: Resolving deltas: 100% (2186/2186), done.
-----> Cleaning up...
-----> Building apihirebred from herokuish...
-----> Adding BUILD_ENV to build environment...
-----> Python app detected
-----> Installing python-3.6.8
-----> Installing pip
-----> Installing dependencies with Pipenv 2018.5.18…
       Installing dependencies from Pipfile…
-----> Noticed GDAL. Bootstrapping gdal.
-----> $ python manage.py collectstatic --noinput
       Traceback (most recent call last):
       File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py", line 20, in <module>
       import psycopg2 as Database
       ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'psycopg2'
       During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
       Traceback (most recent call last):
       File "manage.py", line 22, in <module>
       execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
       File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 381, in execute_from_command_line
       utility.execute()
       File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 357, in execute
       django.setup()
       File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 24, in setup
       apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
       File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 114, in populate
       app_config.import_models()
       File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 211, in import_models
       self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
       File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
       return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
       File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
       File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
       File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
       File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
       File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
       File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
       File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/models.py", line 2, in <module>
       from django.contrib.auth.base_user import AbstractBaseUser, BaseUserManager
       File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/base_user.py", line 47, in <module>
       class AbstractBaseUser(models.Model):
       File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 117, in __new__
       new_class.add_to_class('_meta', Options(meta, app_label))
       File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 321, in add_to_class
       value.contribute_to_class(cls, name)
       File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/options.py", line 204, in contribute_to_class
       self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length())
       File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 28, in __getattr__
       return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item)
       File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 201, in __getitem__
       backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
       File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 110, in load_backend
       return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name)
       File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
       return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
       File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py", line 24, in <module>
       raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading psycopg2 module: %s" % e)
       django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading psycopg2 module: No module named 'psycopg2'

       !     Error while running '$ python manage.py collectstatic --noinput'.
       See traceback above for details.

       You may need to update application code to resolve this error.
       Or, you can disable collectstatic for this application:

       $ heroku config:set DISABLE_COLLECTSTATIC=1

       https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/django-assets

进一步来说：

"django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured：加载错误 psycopg2 模块：没有名为“psycopg2”的模块“错误，一直持续无论我如何尝试解决该错误，都坚持不懈。
: :
！ [远程拒绝] master -> master (预接收钩子拒绝）错误：无法将一些引用推送到“dokku@server”

无论我如何尝试在 Dokku 和我的本地主机上安装“psycopg2”，我都无法解决该错误。

我真诚地希望有人可以帮助我解决上述问题，因为我不是 Dokku 问题上的专家，也不是它如何真正编译包以及为什么编译器无法检索“psycopg2”以进行部署的专家。

我也希望这不会是唯一的问题。

希望听到您的专家建议。谢谢！

尝试这个 docker 命令来安装 psycopg2 适配器

docker-compose exec web pipenv install psycopg2-binary==2.8.3

如果您愿意，您还可以提及您自己的特定版本。

如果仍然出现错误，则意味着容器未正确停止。使用下面的命令来停止它

docker-compose down

然后安装psycopg2后启动它

docker-compose up

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django

postgresql

psycopg2

DigitalOcean

dokku