pandas 面板中的布尔掩码

我在以与 DataFrame 相同的方式屏蔽面板时遇到一些麻烦。我想做的事情感觉很简单，但我还没有找到查看文档和在线论坛的方法。我有一个简单的例子如下：

import pandas
import numpy as np
import datetime
start_date = datetime.datetime(2009,3,1,6,29,59)
r = pandas.date_range(start_date, periods=12)
cols_1 = ['AAPL', 'AAPL', 'GOOG', 'GOOG', 'GS', 'GS']
cols_2 = ['close', 'rate', 'close', 'rate', 'close', 'rate']
dat = np.random.randn(12, 6)

dftst = pandas.DataFrame(dat, columns=pandas.MultiIndex.from_arrays([cols_1, cols_2], names=['ticker','field']), index=r)
pn = dftst.T.to_panel().transpose(2,0,1)
print pn

Out[14]: 
<class 'pandas.core.panel.Panel'>
Dimensions: 2 (items) x 12 (major_axis) x 3 (minor_axis)
Items axis: close to rate
Major_axis axis: 2009-03-01 06:29:59 to 2009-03-12 06:29:59
Minor_axis axis: AAPL to GS

我现在有一个 Panel 对象，如果我沿着项目轴进行切片，我会得到一个 DataFrame

close_p = pn['close']
print close_p

Out[16]: 
ticker                   AAPL      GOOG        GS
2009-03-01 06:29:59 -0.082203 -0.286354  1.227193
2009-03-02 06:29:59  0.340005 -0.688933 -1.505137
2009-03-03 06:29:59 -0.525567  0.321858 -0.035047
2009-03-04 06:29:59 -0.123549 -0.841781 -0.616523
2009-03-05 06:29:59 -0.407504  0.188372  1.311262
2009-03-06 06:29:59  0.272883  0.817179  0.584664
2009-03-07 06:29:59 -1.767227  1.168876  0.443096
2009-03-08 06:29:59 -0.685501 -0.534373 -0.063906
2009-03-09 06:29:59  0.851820  0.068740  0.566537
2009-03-10 06:29:59  0.390678 -0.012422 -0.152375
2009-03-11 06:29:59 -0.985585 -0.917705 -0.585091
2009-03-12 06:29:59  0.067498 -0.764343  0.497270

我可以通过两种方式过滤这些数据：

1）我创建一个掩码并对数据进行掩码，如下所示：

msk = close_p > 0
close_p = close_p.mask(msk)

2）我可以通过上面 msk 中的布尔运算符进行切片

close_p = close_p[close_p > 0]
Out[28]: 
ticker                   AAPL      GOOG        GS
2009-03-01 06:29:59       NaN       NaN  1.227193
2009-03-02 06:29:59  0.340005       NaN       NaN
2009-03-03 06:29:59       NaN  0.321858       NaN
2009-03-04 06:29:59       NaN       NaN       NaN
2009-03-05 06:29:59       NaN  0.188372  1.311262
2009-03-06 06:29:59  0.272883  0.817179  0.584664
2009-03-07 06:29:59       NaN  1.168876  0.443096
2009-03-08 06:29:59       NaN       NaN       NaN
2009-03-09 06:29:59  0.851820  0.068740  0.566537
2009-03-10 06:29:59  0.390678       NaN       NaN
2009-03-11 06:29:59       NaN       NaN       NaN
2009-03-12 06:29:59  0.067498       NaN  0.497270

我不知道如何根据没有 for 循环的掩码过滤所有数据。我可以执行以下操作：

msk = (pn['rate'] > 0) & (pn['close'] > 0)
def mask_panel(pan, msk):
    for item in pan.items:
        pan[item] = pan[item].mask(msk)
    return pan
print pn['close']

Out[32]: 
ticker                   AAPL      GOOG        GS
2009-03-01 06:29:59 -0.082203 -0.286354  1.227193
2009-03-02 06:29:59  0.340005 -0.688933 -1.505137
2009-03-03 06:29:59 -0.525567  0.321858 -0.035047
2009-03-04 06:29:59 -0.123549 -0.841781 -0.616523
2009-03-05 06:29:59 -0.407504  0.188372  1.311262
2009-03-06 06:29:59  0.272883  0.817179  0.584664
2009-03-07 06:29:59 -1.767227  1.168876  0.443096
2009-03-08 06:29:59 -0.685501 -0.534373 -0.063906
2009-03-09 06:29:59  0.851820  0.068740  0.566537
2009-03-10 06:29:59  0.390678 -0.012422 -0.152375
2009-03-11 06:29:59 -0.985585 -0.917705 -0.585091
2009-03-12 06:29:59  0.067498 -0.764343  0.497270

mask_panel(pn, msk)

print pn['close']

Out[34]: 
ticker                   AAPL      GOOG        GS
2009-03-01 06:29:59 -0.082203 -0.286354       NaN
2009-03-02 06:29:59       NaN -0.688933 -1.505137
2009-03-03 06:29:59 -0.525567       NaN -0.035047
2009-03-04 06:29:59 -0.123549 -0.841781 -0.616523
2009-03-05 06:29:59 -0.407504       NaN       NaN
2009-03-06 06:29:59       NaN       NaN       NaN
2009-03-07 06:29:59 -1.767227       NaN       NaN
2009-03-08 06:29:59 -0.685501 -0.534373 -0.063906
2009-03-09 06:29:59       NaN       NaN       NaN
2009-03-10 06:29:59       NaN -0.012422 -0.152375
2009-03-11 06:29:59 -0.985585 -0.917705 -0.585091
2009-03-12 06:29:59       NaN -0.764343       NaN

所以上面的循环就达到了目的。我知道有一种更快的矢量化方法可以使用 ndarray 来完成此操作，但我还没有将它们放在一起。这似乎也应该是 pandas 库中内置的功能。如果我缺少一种方法来做到这一点，任何建议将不胜感激。

我认为这会起作用（以及 Panel.where 应该做的事情，但它有点不简单，因为它 必须处理一堆案件）

# construct the mask in 2-d (a frame)
In [36]: mask = (pn['close']>0) & (pn['rate']>0)

In [37]: mask
Out[37]: 
ticker                AAPL   GOOG     GS
2009-03-01 06:29:59  False  False  False
2009-03-02 06:29:59  False  False   True
....

# here's the key, this broadcasts, setting the values which 
# don't meet the condition to nan
In [38]: masked_values = np.where(mask,pn.values,np.nan)

# reconstruct the panel (the _construct_axes_dict is an internal function that returns
# dict of the axes, e.g. items -> the items, major_axis -> .....
In [42]: x = pd.Panel(masked_values,**pn._construct_axes_dict())
Out[42]: 
<class 'pandas.core.panel.Panel'>
Dimensions: 2 (items) x 12 (major_axis) x 3 (minor_axis)
Items axis: close to rate
Major_axis axis: 2009-03-01 06:29:59 to 2009-03-12 06:29:59
Minor_axis axis: AAPL to GS

# the values
In [43]: x
Out[43]: 
array([[[        nan,         nan,         nan],
    [        nan,         nan,  0.09575723],
    [        nan,         nan,         nan],
    [        nan,         nan,         nan],
    [        nan,  2.07229823,  0.04347515],
    [        nan,         nan,         nan],
    [        nan,         nan,  2.18342239],
    [        nan,         nan,  1.73674381],
    [        nan,  2.01173087,         nan],
    [ 0.24109645,  0.94583072,         nan],
    [ 0.36953467,         nan,  0.18044432],
    [ 1.74164222,  1.02314752,  1.73736033]],

   [[        nan,         nan,         nan],
    [        nan,         nan,  0.06960387],
    [        nan,         nan,         nan],
    [        nan,         nan,         nan],
    [        nan,  0.63202199,  0.56724391],
    [        nan,         nan,         nan],
    [        nan,         nan,  0.71964824],
    [        nan,         nan,  1.03482927],
    [        nan,  0.18256148,         nan],
    [ 1.29451667,  0.49804327,         nan],
    [ 2.04726538,         nan,  0.12883128],
    [ 0.70647885,  0.7277734 ,  0.77844475]]])