Python 中的硒

我一直在使用 urllib2 访问网页，但它不支持 javascript，所以我看了一下 Selenium，但即使读了它的文档我也很困惑。

我下载了适用于 Firefox 的 Selenium IDE 插件，并尝试了一些简单的操作。

from selenium import selenium
import unittest, time, re

class test(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        self.verificationErrors = []
        self.selenium = selenium("localhost", 4444, "*chrome", "http://www.wikipedia.org/")
        self.selenium.start()

    def test_test(self):
        sel = self.selenium
        sel.open("/")
        sel.type("searchInput", "pacific ocean")
        sel.click("go")
        sel.wait_for_page_to_load("30000")

    def tearDown(self):
        self.selenium.stop()
        self.assertEqual([], self.verificationErrors)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()

我只是访问 wikipedia.org 并在搜索字段中输入太平洋，但是当我尝试编译它时，它给了我很多错误。

如果运行脚本的结果是[Errno 111] Connection refused错误如下：

% test.py
E
======================================================================
ERROR: test_test (__main__.test)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/unutbu/pybin/test.py", line 11, in setUp
    self.selenium.start()
  File "/data1/unutbu/pybin/selenium.py", line 189, in start
    result = self.get_string("getNewBrowserSession", [self.browserStartCommand, self.browserURL, self.extensionJs])
  File "/data1/unutbu/pybin/selenium.py", line 219, in get_string
    result = self.do_command(verb, args)
  File "/data1/unutbu/pybin/selenium.py", line 207, in do_command
    conn.request("POST", "/selenium-server/driver/", body, headers)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/httplib.py", line 898, in request
    self._send_request(method, url, body, headers)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/httplib.py", line 935, in _send_request
    self.endheaders()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/httplib.py", line 892, in endheaders
    self._send_output()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/httplib.py", line 764, in _send_output
    self.send(msg)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/httplib.py", line 723, in send
    self.connect()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/httplib.py", line 704, in connect
    self.timeout)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/socket.py", line 514, in create_connection
    raise error, msg
error: [Errno 111] Connection refused

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.063s

FAILED (errors=1)

那么解决方案很可能是您需要首先运行 selenium 服务器。

在下载中硒RC http://seleniumhq.org/download你会发现一个名为 selenium-server.jar 的文件（几个月前，该文件位于SeleniumRC/selenium-server-1.0.3/selenium-server.jar).

在 Linux 上，您可以使用以下命令在后台运行 selenium 服务器

java -jar /path/to/selenium-server.jar 2>/dev/null 1>&2 &

您将找到有关如何设置服务器的更完整说明here http://seleniumhq.org/docs/05_selenium_rc.html#installation.