PowerShell安装NuGet，显示无法访问互联网，但实际上可以

我按照中提到的步骤进行操作在代理后面使用 PowerShell http://woshub.com/using-powershell-behind-a-proxy/配置我的代理服务器。

netsh winhttp set proxy "[IP]:[Port]"
$Wcl = New-Object System.Net.WebClient
$Creds = Get-Credential
$Wcl.Proxy.Credentials = $Creds

第三行弹出一个对话框来收集我的凭据。

然后我尝试安装 NuGet：

PS C:\Users\Administrator> Install-PackageProvider -Name NuGet -MinimumVersion 2.8.5.201 -Force
WARNING: Unable to download from URI 'https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/
         ?LinkID=627338&clcid=0x409' to ''.
WARNING: Unable to download the list of available providers. Check your internet
         connection.
Install-PackageProvider : No match was found for the specified search criteria
for the provider 'NuGet'. The package provider requires 'PackageManagement' and
'Provider' tags. Please check if the specified package has the tags.
At line:1 char:1
+ Install-PackageProvider -Name NuGet -MinimumVersion 2.8.5.201 -Force
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidArgument: (Microsoft.Power...PackageProvider:InstallPackageProvider) [Install-PackageProvider], Exception
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : NoMatchFoundForProvider,Microsoft.PowerShell.PackageManagement.Cmdlets.InstallPackageProvider

错误消息似乎表明我的 PowerShell 无法连接到互联网，但是当我尝试此命令时：

PS C:\Users\Administrator> Invoke-WebRequest "https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=627338&clcid=0x409"

StatusCode        : 200
StatusDescription : OK
Content           : <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
                    <SoftwareIdentity xmlns="http://standards.iso.org/iso/19770/-2/2015/schema.xsd"
                    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:discovery="http://p...
RawContent        : HTTP/1.1 200 OK
                    Content-MD5: 01uMBNqAHedJsS1dqKC5oA==
                    Vary: Accept-Encoding
                    X-Cache: HIT
                    x-ms-blob-type: BlockBlob
                    x-ms-lease-status: unlocked
                    x-ms-request-id: 1b7af5a7-901e-0003-5d94-f5cc950000...
Forms             : {}
Headers           : {[Content-MD5, 01uMBNqAHedJsS1dqKC5oA==], [Vary, Accept-Encoding], [X-Cache, HIT],
                    [x-ms-blob-type, BlockBlob]...}
Images            : {}
InputFields       : {}
Links             : {}
ParsedHtml        : System.__ComObject
RawContentLength  : 1847

看来它终究无法连接到互联网。

我做错了什么？如何安装 NuGet？

编辑： 我尝试了奥卡索·普罗塔尔的建议：

PS C:\Users\Administrator> Install-PackageProvider -Name NuGet -MinimumVersion 2.8.5.201 -Force -proxy [ProxyServer:Port] -proxycredential $Creds
WARNING: Unable to download from URI 'https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=627338&clcid=0x409' to ''.
WARNING: Unable to download the list of available providers. Check your internet connection.
Install-PackageProvider : No match was found for the specified search criteria for the provider 'NuGet'. The package
provider requires 'PackageManagement' and 'Provider' tags. Please check if the specified package has the tags.
At line:1 char:1
+ Install-PackageProvider -Name NuGet -MinimumVersion 2.8.5.201 -Force  ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidArgument: (Microsoft.Power...PackageProvider:InstallPackageProvider) [Install-Pac
   kageProvider], Exception
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : NoMatchFoundForProvider,Microsoft.PowerShell.PackageManagement.Cmdlets.InstallPackagePro
   vider

PS C:\Users\Administrator> $Creds

UserName                                   Password
--------                                   --------
[My UserName] System.Security.SecureString

好像没有什么效果。

可能与 TLS 安全相关（参考：https://rnelson0.com/2018/05/17/powershell-in-a-post-tls1-1-world/ https://rnelson0.com/2018/05/17/powershell-in-a-post-tls1-1-world/)

首先尝试这个命令：

[Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12

然后尝试进行更新。 注意：该命令仅影响当前会话，并不持久。

您还可以检查计算机上设置的客户端 TLS 版本。看起来客户端需要 TLS 1.0。 （参考：https://powershell.org/forums/topic/wmf-5-1-upgrade-broken-repositories/ https://powershell.org/forums/topic/wmf-5-1-upgrade-broken-repositories/)

Michael