访问 pyModbus 事务中的原始字节

我有一个 python 脚本，可以使用 pymodbus 库处理 Modbus 事务。为了进行故障排除，我想打印发送和接收到设备的原始字节，最好以十六进制格式。

这是简化的代码，请参阅底部的注释以获取我想要得到的示例。我使用了 TCP 客户端，但希望它也能在 ModbusSerialClient 上工作。

from pymodbus.client.sync import ModbusTcpClient

ipAddress = '10.130.14.174'
registerToRead = 3000

client = ModbusTcpClient(ipAddress, port=502)
connection = client.connect()

response = client.read_holding_registers(registerToRead, 1, unit=1)

print(response.registers)

# Would like to get something like:
# OUT: [00h] [00h] [00h] [00h] [00h] [06h] [01h] [03h] [0Bh] [B8h] [00h] [01h] 
# IN : [00h] [00h] [00h] [00h] [00h] [05h] [01h] [03h] [02h] [00h] [FFh] 

I tried response.encode()但这只是返回b'\x02\x00\xff'

要获取原始帧，您只需在调试模式下运行请求即可。

那会是这样的：

from pymodbus.client.sync import ModbusTcpClient
import logging
FORMAT = ('%(asctime)-15s %(threadName)-15s '
          '%(levelname)-8s %(module)-15s:%(lineno)-8s %(message)s')
logging.basicConfig(format=FORMAT)
log = logging.getLogger()
log.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

ipAddress = '10.130.14.174'
registerToRead = 3000

client = ModbusTcpClient(ipAddress, port=502)
connection = client.connect()

response = client.read_holding_registers(registerToRead, 1, unit=1)

如果您现在从 Python 控制台运行此代码，您应该会看到类似以下内容：

2019-10-08 13:10:42,872 MainThread      DEBUG    transaction    :111      Current transaction state - TRANSACTION_COMPLETE
2019-10-08 13:10:42,872 MainThread      DEBUG    transaction    :116      Running transaction 3
2019-10-08 13:10:42,872 MainThread      DEBUG    transaction    :215      SEND: 0x0 0x3 0x0 0x0 0x0 0x6 0x1 0x3 0x0 0x1 0x0 0x1
2019-10-08 13:10:42,872 MainThread      DEBUG    sync           :73       New Transaction state 'SENDING'
2019-10-08 13:10:42,872 MainThread      DEBUG    transaction    :224      Changing transaction state from 'SENDING' to 'WAITING FOR REPLY'
2019-10-08 13:10:42,873 MainThread      DEBUG    transaction    :300      Changing transaction state from 'WAITING FOR REPLY' to 'PROCESSING REPLY'
2019-10-08 13:10:42,873 MainThread      DEBUG    transaction    :229      RECV: 0x0 0x3 0x0 0x0 0x0 0x5 0x1 0x3 0x2 0x0 0x14
2019-10-08 13:10:42,873 MainThread      DEBUG    socket_framer  :147      Processing: 0x0 0x3 0x0 0x0 0x0 0x5 0x1 0x3 0x2 0x0 0x14
2019-10-08 13:10:42,873 MainThread      DEBUG    factory        :266      Factory Response[ReadHoldingRegistersResponse: 3]
2019-10-08 13:10:42,873 MainThread      DEBUG    transaction    :379      Adding transaction 3
2019-10-08 13:10:42,873 MainThread      DEBUG    transaction    :390      Getting transaction 3
2019-10-08 13:10:42,873 MainThread      DEBUG    transaction    :189      Changing transaction state from 'PROCESSING REPLY' to 'TRANSACTION_COMPLETE'
>>> 

如果您想要更多详细信息或者需要处理多个帧，我建议安装Wireshark https://www.wireshark.org/这是非常强大的。如果您需要通过串行方式对 Modbus 执行相同的操作，您可以尝试串行PCAP https://github.com/j123b567/SerialPCAP.

EDIT：这可能是您目前不需要的东西，但如果您无法访问 Modbus 串行链路的任何一侧，您可以点击总线或使用软件嗅探器，正如我所解释的那样here https://stackoverflow.com/a/56377015/11476836, here https://stackoverflow.com/questions/57056042/i-am-sending-commands-through-serial-port-in-python-but-they-are-sent-multiple-t/57062146#57062146 and here https://stackoverflow.com/questions/57153141/cant-use-interceptty-or-slsnif-to-sniff-data-sent-via-serial-port.

对于 Modbus TCP，如果您无法访问链路的任一侧或无法访问网络交换机 https://serverfault.com/questions/187597/can-wireshark-read-data-being-sent-to-from-other-computers.