Django 无法连接到 mongoDB atlas

最近，我开始了一个项目，使用 Django 后端和托管在 Atlas 平台上的 mongoDB 数据库制作一个 Web 服务器，这样我就不必担心在本地运行它。

我仍处于设置的早期阶段并遇到了此错误：

pymongo.errors.ServerSelectionTimeoutError: localhost:27017: [WinError 10061] No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it

还可能需要提到的是，我目前没有 Django 应用程序形式的数据库或模型的文档，但我怀疑这是我运行时的问题manage.py migrate我收到上述错误，而不是“没有带标签的应用程序”错误。

我的 settings.py 中的数据库配置当前如下所示：

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'djongo',
        'NAME': 'house-project',
        'HOST': 'mongodb+srv://<my-user-name>:<my-password>@house-project-9g5fo.gcp.mongodb.net/test?retryWrites=true&w=majority'
    }
}

我知道常见错误之一是您的密码和用户名中包含特殊字符，我已确保不包含任何特殊字符或使用十六进制字符转义它们。我已确保在 Atlas 端添加我的 IP 和用户。我在网上查了一下现有的答案，但无济于事。我发现的最接近的问题是：如何将 Django ORM 连接到 mongo atlas？ https://stackoverflow.com/questions/55543699/how-to-connect-django-orm-to-mongo-atlas，但遗憾的是这个解决方案对我不起作用。

任何帮助都会很好地解决这个问题，如果需要有关我的设置的任何其他信息，请告诉我，我很乐意提供。我还包含了一个堆栈跟踪，以防它与下面相关。

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 20, in <module>
    main()
  File "manage.py", line 16, in main
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "C:\Users\mkars\.virtualenvs\house-project-VuTUb3qx\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 381, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "C:\Users\mkars\.virtualenvs\house-project-VuTUb3qx\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 375, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "C:\Users\mkars\.virtualenvs\house-project-VuTUb3qx\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 323, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "C:\Users\mkars\.virtualenvs\house-project-VuTUb3qx\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 364, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "C:\Users\mkars\.virtualenvs\house-project-VuTUb3qx\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 83, in wrapped
    res = handle_func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\mkars\.virtualenvs\house-project-VuTUb3qx\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\migrate.py", line 87, in handle
    executor = MigrationExecutor(connection, self.migration_progress_callback)
  File "C:\Users\mkars\.virtualenvs\house-project-VuTUb3qx\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\executor.py", line 18, in __init__
    self.loader = MigrationLoader(self.connection)
  File "C:\Users\mkars\.virtualenvs\house-project-VuTUb3qx\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\loader.py", line 49, in __init__
    self.build_graph()
  File "C:\Users\mkars\.virtualenvs\house-project-VuTUb3qx\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\loader.py", line 212, in build_graph
    self.applied_migrations = recorder.applied_migrations()
  File "C:\Users\mkars\.virtualenvs\house-project-VuTUb3qx\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\recorder.py", line 73, in applied_migrations
    if self.has_table():
  File "C:\Users\mkars\.virtualenvs\house-project-VuTUb3qx\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\recorder.py", line 56, in has_table
    return self.Migration._meta.db_table in self.connection.introspection.table_names(self.connection.cursor())
  File "C:\Users\mkars\.virtualenvs\house-project-VuTUb3qx\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\introspection.py", line 48, in table_names
    return get_names(cursor)
  File "C:\Users\mkars\.virtualenvs\house-project-VuTUb3qx\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\introspection.py", line 43, in get_names
    return sorted(ti.name for ti in self.get_table_list(cursor)
  File "C:\Users\mkars\.virtualenvs\house-project-VuTUb3qx\lib\site-packages\djongo\introspection.py", line 47, in get_table_list
    for c in cursor.db_conn.list_collection_names()
  File "C:\Users\mkars\.virtualenvs\house-project-VuTUb3qx\lib\site-packages\pymongo\database.py", line 856, in list_collection_names
    for result in self.list_collections(session=session, **kwargs)]
  File "C:\Users\mkars\.virtualenvs\house-project-VuTUb3qx\lib\site-packages\pymongo\database.py", line 818, in list_collections
    return self.__client._retryable_read(
  File "C:\Users\mkars\.virtualenvs\house-project-VuTUb3qx\lib\site-packages\pymongo\mongo_client.py", line 1453, in _retryable_read
    server = self._select_server(
  File "C:\Users\mkars\.virtualenvs\house-project-VuTUb3qx\lib\site-packages\pymongo\mongo_client.py", line 1253, in _select_server
    server = topology.select_server(server_selector)
  File "C:\Users\mkars\.virtualenvs\house-project-VuTUb3qx\lib\site-packages\pymongo\topology.py", line 233, in select_server
    return random.choice(self.select_servers(selector,
  File "C:\Users\mkars\.virtualenvs\house-project-VuTUb3qx\lib\site-packages\pymongo\topology.py", line 192, in select_servers
    server_descriptions = self._select_servers_loop(
  File "C:\Users\mkars\.virtualenvs\house-project-VuTUb3qx\lib\site-packages\pymongo\topology.py", line 208, in _select_servers_loop
    raise ServerSelectionTimeoutError(
pymongo.errors.ServerSelectionTimeoutError: localhost:27017: [WinError 10061] No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it```

Djongo 文档不正确或已过时。我能够使用以下设置让我的 Django 应用程序连接到 mongodb：

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'djongo',
        'CLIENT': {
            'host': 'mongodb+srv://<URL>',
            'username': 'something',
            'password': 'somepass',
            'authMechanism': 'SCRAM-SHA-1'
        }
    }
}