Google App Engine 中的 Spring Boot 应用程序无法连接到 Cloud SQL

我不确定我还缺少什么，但我的应用程序一开始就失败了：

Message    : The connection attempt failed.

    at org.flywaydb.core.internal.jdbc.JdbcUtils.openConnection(JdbcUtils.java:60) ~[flyway-core-5.2.4.jar!/:na]
    at org.flywaydb.core.internal.database.DatabaseFactory.createDatabase(DatabaseFactory.java:72) ~[flyway-core-5.2.4.jar!/:na]
    at org.flywaydb.core.Flyway.execute(Flyway.java:1670) ~[flyway-core-5.2.4.jar!/:na]
    at org.flywaydb.core.Flyway.migrate(Flyway.java:1356) ~[flyway-core-5.2.4.jar!/:na]
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.flyway.FlywayMigrationInitializer.afterPropertiesSet(FlywayMigrationInitializer.java:65) ~[spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.1.7.RELEASE.jar!/:2.1.7.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1837) ~[spring-beans-5.1.9.RELEASE.jar!/:5.1.9.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1774) ~[spring-beans-5.1.9.RELEASE.jar!/:5.1.9.RELEASE]
    ... 26 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: The connection attempt failed.
    at org.postgresql.core.v3.ConnectionFactoryImpl.openConnectionImpl(ConnectionFactoryImpl.java:292) ~[postgresql-42.2.6.jar!/:42.2.6]
    at org.postgresql.core.ConnectionFactory.openConnection(ConnectionFactory.java:49) ~[postgresql-42.2.6.jar!/:42.2.6]
    at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgConnection.<init>(PgConnection.java:195) ~[postgresql-42.2.6.jar!/:42.2.6]
    at org.postgresql.Driver.makeConnection(Driver.java:458) ~[postgresql-42.2.6.jar!/:42.2.6]
    at org.postgresql.Driver.connect(Driver.java:260) ~[postgresql-42.2.6.jar!/:42.2.6]
    at com.zaxxer.hikari.util.DriverDataSource.getConnection(DriverDataSource.java:136) ~[HikariCP-3.2.0.jar!/:na]
    at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.PoolBase.newConnection(PoolBase.java:369) ~[HikariCP-3.2.0.jar!/:na]
    at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.PoolBase.newPoolEntry(PoolBase.java:198) ~[HikariCP-3.2.0.jar!/:na]
    at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.HikariPool.createPoolEntry(HikariPool.java:467) ~[HikariCP-3.2.0.jar!/:na]
    at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.HikariPool.checkFailFast(HikariPool.java:541) ~[HikariCP-3.2.0.jar!/:na]
    at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.HikariPool.<init>(HikariPool.java:115) ~[HikariCP-3.2.0.jar!/:na]
    at com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource.getConnection(HikariDataSource.java:112) ~[HikariCP-3.2.0.jar!/:na]
    at org.flywaydb.core.internal.jdbc.JdbcUtils.openConnection(JdbcUtils.java:56) ~[flyway-core-5.2.4.jar!/:na]
    ... 32 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.net.SocketTimeoutException: connect timed out
    at java.base/java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:399) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:242) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:224) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:403) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:591) ~[na:na]
    at org.postgresql.core.PGStream.<init>(PGStream.java:75) ~[postgresql-42.2.6.jar!/:42.2.6]
    at org.postgresql.core.v3.ConnectionFactoryImpl.tryConnect(ConnectionFactoryImpl.java:91) ~[postgresql-42.2.6.jar!/:42.2.6]
    at org.postgresql.core.v3.ConnectionFactoryImpl.openConnectionImpl(ConnectionFactoryImpl.java:192) ~[postgresql-42.2.6.jar!/:42.2.6]
    ... 44 common frames omitted    

My app.yaml is

runtime: java11
manual_scaling:
  instances: 1
beta_settings:
  cloud_sql_instances: recruiters-wtf:europe-west2:recruiters-wtf=tcp:5432

而我的application.properties包含：

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:postgresql://172.17.0.1:5432/${DB_NAME:recruiters_wtf}
spring.datasource.username=${DB_USER}
spring.datasource.password=${DB_PASS}

我还缺少什么？同一应用程序的 Kubernetes 部署正在成功使用该数据库。

根据 kurtisvg 的回答，我将连接字符串更改为：

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:postgresql://google/recruiters_wtf?cloudSqlInstance=recruiters-wtf:europe-west2:recruiters-wtf=tcp:5432&socketFactory=com.google.cloud.sql.postgres.SocketFactory&user=${DB_USER}&password=${DB_PASS}

我已经安装了 postgres-socket-factory 。将错误更改为：

Message    : The connection attempt failed.

    at org.flywaydb.core.internal.jdbc.JdbcUtils.openConnection(JdbcUtils.java:60) ~[flyway-core-5.2.4.jar!/:na]
    at org.flywaydb.core.internal.database.DatabaseFactory.createDatabase(DatabaseFactory.java:72) ~[flyway-core-5.2.4.jar!/:na]
    at org.flywaydb.core.Flyway.execute(Flyway.java:1670) ~[flyway-core-5.2.4.jar!/:na]
    at org.flywaydb.core.Flyway.migrate(Flyway.java:1356) ~[flyway-core-5.2.4.jar!/:na]
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.flyway.FlywayMigrationInitializer.afterPropertiesSet(FlywayMigrationInitializer.java:65) ~[spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.1.7.RELEASE.jar!/:2.1.7.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1837) ~[spring-beans-5.1.9.RELEASE.jar!/:5.1.9.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1774) ~[spring-beans-5.1.9.RELEASE.jar!/:5.1.9.RELEASE]
    ... 26 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: The connection attempt failed.
    at org.postgresql.core.v3.ConnectionFactoryImpl.openConnectionImpl(ConnectionFactoryImpl.java:292) ~[postgresql-42.2.6.jar!/:42.2.6]
    at org.postgresql.core.ConnectionFactory.openConnection(ConnectionFactory.java:49) ~[postgresql-42.2.6.jar!/:42.2.6]
    at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgConnection.<init>(PgConnection.java:195) ~[postgresql-42.2.6.jar!/:42.2.6]
    at org.postgresql.Driver.makeConnection(Driver.java:458) ~[postgresql-42.2.6.jar!/:42.2.6]
    at org.postgresql.Driver.connect(Driver.java:260) ~[postgresql-42.2.6.jar!/:42.2.6]
    at com.zaxxer.hikari.util.DriverDataSource.getConnection(DriverDataSource.java:136) ~[HikariCP-3.2.0.jar!/:na]
    at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.PoolBase.newConnection(PoolBase.java:369) ~[HikariCP-3.2.0.jar!/:na]
    at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.PoolBase.newPoolEntry(PoolBase.java:198) ~[HikariCP-3.2.0.jar!/:na]
    at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.HikariPool.createPoolEntry(HikariPool.java:467) ~[HikariCP-3.2.0.jar!/:na]
    at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.HikariPool.checkFailFast(HikariPool.java:541) ~[HikariCP-3.2.0.jar!/:na]
    at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.HikariPool.<init>(HikariPool.java:115) ~[HikariCP-3.2.0.jar!/:na]
    at com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource.getConnection(HikariDataSource.java:112) ~[HikariCP-3.2.0.jar!/:na]
    at org.flywaydb.core.internal.jdbc.JdbcUtils.openConnection(JdbcUtils.java:56) ~[flyway-core-5.2.4.jar!/:na]
    ... 32 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.io.IOException: No such file or directory
    at jnr.unixsocket.UnixSocketChannel.doConnect(UnixSocketChannel.java:127) ~[jnr-unixsocket-0.23.jar!/:na]
    at jnr.unixsocket.UnixSocketChannel.connect(UnixSocketChannel.java:136) ~[jnr-unixsocket-0.23.jar!/:na]
    at jnr.unixsocket.UnixSocketChannel.open(UnixSocketChannel.java:68) ~[jnr-unixsocket-0.23.jar!/:na]
    at com.google.cloud.sql.core.CoreSocketFactory.connect(CoreSocketFactory.java:180) ~[jdbc-socket-factory-core-1.0.15.jar!/:na]
    at com.google.cloud.sql.postgres.SocketFactory.createSocket(SocketFactory.java:71) ~[postgres-socket-factory-1.0.15.jar!/:na]
    at org.postgresql.core.PGStream.<init>(PGStream.java:67) ~[postgresql-42.2.6.jar!/:42.2.6]
    at org.postgresql.core.v3.ConnectionFactoryImpl.tryConnect(ConnectionFactoryImpl.java:91) ~[postgresql-42.2.6.jar!/:42.2.6]
    at org.postgresql.core.v3.ConnectionFactoryImpl.openConnectionImpl(ConnectionFactoryImpl.java:192) ~[postgresql-42.2.6.jar!/:42.2.6]
    ... 44 common frames omitted

据记录here https://cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/connect-app-engine#configuring:

App Engine 标准环境不支持连接到云 使用 TCP 的 SQL 实例。您的代码不应尝试访问 使用 IP 地址（例如 127.0.0.1 或 172.17.0.1）的实例，除非 您已配置无服务器 VPC 访问。

首先，您需要删除beta_settings进入你的app.yaml文件自：

• 它适用于 App EngineFlexible（并且实际上指示平台启动运行 CloudSQL 代理的 sidecar 容器，而 Socket Factory for JDBC 不需要该容器）
• 你使用的语法=tcp:5432实际上会指示 CloudSQL 代理通过 TCP 端口进行连接。

所以你的 Base JDBC url 应该是这样的jdbc:postgresql://google/recruiters_wtf

您的完整数据源网址将是（请注意已删除=tcp:5432 part):

jdbc:postgresql://google/recruiters_wtf?cloudSqlInstance=recruiters-wtf:europe-west2:recruiters-wtf&socketFactory=com.google.cloud.sql.postgres.SocketFactory&user=${DB_USER}&password=${DB_PASS}

最后，请注意，正如我上面提供的链接中提到的：

PostgreSQL 标准要求 Unix 套接字具有 套接字路径中的.s.PGSQL.5432 后缀。一些图书馆应用这个 自动后缀，但其他要求您指定套接字 路径如下：/cloudsql/INSTANCE_CONNECTION_NAME/.s.PGSQL.5432。