sudo gedit /etc/vsftpd.conf
# Example config file /etc/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
#
# Run standalone? vsftpd can run either from an inetd or as a standalone
# daemon started from an initscript.
# ftp服务器将处于独立启动模式
listen=YES
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening
# on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6
# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific
# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration
# files.
listen_ipv6=NO
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Disabled by default).
# 禁止匿名用户登录
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
# 允许系统用户登录
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
# 启用可以修改文件的 FTP 命令
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
# 本地用户创建文件的 umask 值
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
# 允许为目录配置显示信息,显示每个目录下面的message_file文件的内容
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# If enabled, vsftpd will display directory listings with the time
# in your local time zone. The default is to display GMT. The
# times returned by the MDTM FTP command are also affected by this
# option.
use_localtime=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
# 开启日记功能
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
# 使用标准的20端口来连接ftp
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
# 使用标准日志格式
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails
#
# You may restrict local users to their home directories. See the FAQ for
# the possible risks in this before using chroot_local_user or
# chroot_list_enable below.
#chroot_local_user=YES
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
#chroot_local_user=YES
# 如果启动这项功能，则所有列在chroot_list_file之中的使用者不能更改根目录
chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
# 指定限制的用户文件
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# Customization
#
# Some of vsftpd's settings don't fit the filesystem layout by
# default.
#
# This option should be the name of a directory which is empty. Also, the
# directory should not be writable by the ftp user. This directory is used
# as a secure chroot() jail at times vsftpd does not require filesystem
# access.
secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd/empty
#
# This string is the name of the PAM service vsftpd will use.
# 设置PAM认证服务的配置文件名称，该文件保存在“/etc/pam.d/”目录下
pam_service_name=vsftpd
#
# This option specifies the location of the RSA certificate to use for SSL
# encrypted connections.
rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
rsa_private_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
ssl_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to indicate that vsftpd use a utf8 filesystem.
#utf8_filesystem=YES
############################################
# 设置一个本地用户登录后进入到的目录
local_root=/home/ftp
# ftp将检查userlist_file设置文件中指定的用户是否可以访问vsftpd服务器
userlist_enable=YES
# 只允许user_list文件中记录的ftp用户能登录vsftp服务，其他的ftp用户都不可以登录。
userlist_deny=NO
# 定义限制/允许用户登录的文件
userlist_file=/etc/vsftpd/allowed_users
# ftp服务器将使用tcp_wrappers作为主机访问控制模式
tcp_wrappers=YES
# 连接ftp服务费使用的端口
listen_port=21
sudo mkdir /home/ftp
sudo mkdir /home/ftp/data
sudo chmod -R 777 /home/ftp
sudo useradd -d /home/ftp/data -s /sbin/nologin luozw
passwd luozw
sudo mkdir /etc/vsftpd
sudo touch /etc/vsftpd/allowed_users
sudo service vsftpd start
service vsftpd status
sudo userdel luozw
ubuntu@ubuntu-vpc:~$ ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.60.209 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.60.255
inet6 fe80::ec97:df2:54f9:12e8 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:c2:6a:bc txqueuelen 1000 (以太网)
RX packets 28293 bytes 17505049 (17.5 MB)
RX errors 0 dropped 5 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 5623 bytes 425919 (425.9 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
ftp 192.168.60.209
报错 530 login incorrect
查看
cat /etc/passwd
...
...
...
luozw:x:1001:1001::/home/ftp/data:/sbin/nologin
可以看到用户shell是：/sbin/nologin
查看shells
cat /etc/shells
# /etc/shells: valid login shells
/bin/sh
/bin/bash
/bin/rbash
/bin/dash
添加/sbin/nologin
/bin/sh
/bin/bash
/bin/rbash
/bin/dash
/sbin/nologin
OOPS: could not read chroot() list file:/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
sudo gedit /etc/vsftpd.conf
chroot_list_enable=NO
