使用 ffmpeg 将 h.264 avi 容器转换为 mp4

我想使用 ffmpeg 将 h.264 avi 容器转换为 mp4 容器。我发现这个有效：

./ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -vcodec copy myfile.mp4
ffmpeg version N-51169-gcedf276 Copyright (c) 2000-2013 the FFmpeg developers
  built on Mar 21 2013 05:12:00 with gcc 4.6 (Debian 4.6.3-1)
  configuration: --prefix=/root/ffmpeg-static/32bit --arch=x86_32 --extra-cflags='-m32 -I/root/ffmpeg-static/32bit/include -static' --extra-ldflags='-m32 -L/root/ffmpeg-static/32bit/lib -static' --extra-libs='-lxml2 -lexpat -lfreetype' --enable-static --disable-shared --disable-ffserver --disable-doc --enable-bzlib --enable-zlib --enable-postproc --enable-runtime-cpudetect --enable-libx264 --enable-gpl --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis --enable-libmp3lame --enable-gray --enable-libass --enable-libfreetype --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libspeex --enable-libvo-aacenc --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-version3 --enable-libvpx
  libavutil      52. 22.100 / 52. 22.100
  libavcodec     55.  1.100 / 55.  1.100
  libavformat    55.  0.100 / 55.  0.100
  libavdevice    55.  0.100 / 55.  0.100
  libavfilter     3. 48.100 /  3. 48.100
  libswscale      2.  2.100 /  2.  2.100
  libswresample   0. 17.102 /  0. 17.102
  libpostproc    52.  2.100 / 52.  2.100
[avi @ 0x9fff660] non-interleaved AVI
Guessed Channel Layout for  Input Stream #0.1 : mono
Input #0, avi, from 'myfile.avi':
  Metadata:
    encoder         : Lavf52.64.2
  Duration: 00:00:10.40, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 409 kb/s
    Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (Baseline) (H264 / 0x34363248), yuvj420p, 640x480, 10 fps, 10 tbr, 10 tbn, 30 tbc
    Stream #0:1: Audio: pcm_s16le ([1][0][0][0] / 0x0001), 8000 Hz, mono, s16, 128 kb/s
Output #0, mp4, to 'myfile.mp4':
  Metadata:
    encoder         : Lavf55.0.100
    Stream #0:0: Video: h264 ([33][0][0][0] / 0x0021), yuvj420p, 640x480, q=2-31, 10 fps, 10240 tbn, 10 tbc
    Stream #0:1: Audio: aac ([64][0][0][0] / 0x0040), 8000 Hz, mono, s16, 128 kb/s
Stream mapping:
  Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (copy)
  Stream #0:1 -> #0:1 (pcm_s16le -> libvo_aacenc)
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
[mp4 @ 0xa006ea0] pts has no value
    Last message repeated 100 times
frame=  101 fps=0.0 q=-1.0 Lsize=     350kB time=00:00:11.06 bitrate= 259.3kbits/s
video:332kB audio:15kB subtitle:0 global headers:0kB muxing overhead 0.926809%

这会生成一个可以使用 HTML5 视频播放器播放的文件，但对于旧版浏览器，我想使用 Flash 播放器 (Flowplayer)。该文件无法使用 Flowplayer 播放，事实上它会导致其崩溃。

但是如果我使用：

./ffmpeg -i myfile.avi myfile2.mp4
ffmpeg version N-51169-gcedf276 Copyright (c) 2000-2013 the FFmpeg developers
  built on Mar 21 2013 05:12:00 with gcc 4.6 (Debian 4.6.3-1)
  configuration: --prefix=/root/ffmpeg-static/32bit --arch=x86_32 --extra-cflags='-m32 -I/root/ffmpeg-static/32bit/include -static' --extra-ldflags='-m32 -L/root/ffmpeg-static/32bit/lib -static' --extra-libs='-lxml2 -lexpat -lfreetype' --enable-static --disable-shared --disable-ffserver --disable-doc --enable-bzlib --enable-zlib --enable-postproc --enable-runtime-cpudetect --enable-libx264 --enable-gpl --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis --enable-libmp3lame --enable-gray --enable-libass --enable-libfreetype --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libspeex --enable-libvo-aacenc --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-version3 --enable-libvpx
  libavutil      52. 22.100 / 52. 22.100
  libavcodec     55.  1.100 / 55.  1.100
  libavformat    55.  0.100 / 55.  0.100
  libavdevice    55.  0.100 / 55.  0.100
  libavfilter     3. 48.100 /  3. 48.100
  libswscale      2.  2.100 /  2.  2.100
  libswresample   0. 17.102 /  0. 17.102
  libpostproc    52.  2.100 / 52.  2.100
[avi @ 0x9b02660] non-interleaved AVI
Guessed Channel Layout for  Input Stream #0.1 : mono
Input #0, avi, from 'myfile.avi':
  Metadata:
    encoder         : Lavf52.64.2
  Duration: 00:00:10.40, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 409 kb/s
    Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (Baseline) (H264 / 0x34363248), yuvj420p, 640x480, 10 fps, 10 tbr, 10 tbn, 30 tbc
    Stream #0:1: Audio: pcm_s16le ([1][0][0][0] / 0x0001), 8000 Hz, mono, s16, 128 kb/s
No pixel format specified, yuvj420p for H.264 encoding chosen.
Use -pix_fmt yuv420p for compatibility with outdated media players.
[libx264 @ 0x9b065a0] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 FastShuffle SSE4.1 Cache64
[libx264 @ 0x9b065a0] profile High, level 2.2
[libx264 @ 0x9b065a0] 264 - core 129 r2230 1cffe9f - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2012 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options: cabac=1 ref=3 deblock=1:0:0 analyse=0x3:0x113 me=hex subme=7 psy=1 psy_rd=1.00:0.00 mixed_ref=1 me_range=16 chroma_me=1 trellis=1 8x8dct=1 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11 fast_pskip=1 chroma_qp_offset=-2 threads=1 lookahead_threads=1 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1 interlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=3 b_pyramid=2 b_adapt=1 b_bias=0 direct=1 weightb=1 open_gop=0 weightp=2 keyint=250 keyint_min=10 scenecut=40 intra_refresh=0 rc_lookahead=40 rc=crf mbtree=1 crf=23.0 qcomp=0.60 qpmin=0 qpmax=69 qpstep=4 ip_ratio=1.40 aq=1:1.00
Output #0, mp4, to 'myfile2.mp4':
  Metadata:
    encoder         : Lavf55.0.100
    Stream #0:0: Video: h264 ([33][0][0][0] / 0x0021), yuvj420p, 640x480, q=-1--1, 10240 tbn, 10 tbc
    Stream #0:1: Audio: aac ([64][0][0][0] / 0x0040), 8000 Hz, mono, s16, 128 kb/s
Stream mapping:
  Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 -> libx264)
  Stream #0:1 -> #0:1 (pcm_s16le -> libvo_aacenc)
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
frame=   47 fps=0.0 q=25.0 size=      21kB time=00:00:04.40 bitrate=  39.9kbits/s dup=3 dropframe=   59 fps= 56 q=25.0 size=      56kB time=00:00:05.68 bitrate=  80.2kbits/s dup=3 dropframe=   71 fps= 45 q=25.0 size=      89kB time=00:00:06.84 bitrate= 106.9kbits/s dup=3 dropframe=   83 fps= 40 q=25.0 size=     124kB time=00:00:08.12 bitrate= 124.9kbits/s dup=3 dropframe=   94 fps= 36 q=25.0 size=     157kB time=00:00:09.14 bitrate= 140.4kbits/s dup=4 dropframe=  105 fps= 23 q=25.0 Lsize=     309kB time=00:00:11.06 bitrate= 228.8kbits/s dup=4 drop=0
video:291kB audio:15kB subtitle:0 global headers:0kB muxing overhead 1.108651%
[libx264 @ 0x9b065a0] frame I:1     Avg QP:17.65  size: 12772
[libx264 @ 0x9b065a0] frame P:94    Avg QP:19.46  size:  2868
[libx264 @ 0x9b065a0] frame B:10    Avg QP:21.58  size:  1464
[libx264 @ 0x9b065a0] consecutive B-frames: 82.9% 13.3%  0.0%  3.8%
[libx264 @ 0x9b065a0] mb I  I16..4: 16.6% 66.3% 17.1%
[libx264 @ 0x9b065a0] mb P  I16..4:  4.2%  6.3%  0.5%  P16..4: 27.0%  9.5%  5.1%  0.0%  0.0%    skip:47.4%
[libx264 @ 0x9b065a0] mb B  I16..4:  0.8%  1.0%  0.0%  B16..8: 39.1%  4.6%  0.5%  direct: 2.4%  skip:51.7%  L0:39.8% L1:56.4% BI: 3.9%
[libx264 @ 0x9b065a0] 8x8 transform intra:58.0% inter:74.7%
[libx264 @ 0x9b065a0] coded y,uvDC,uvAC intra: 47.3% 0.0% 0.0% inter: 16.6% 0.0% 0.0%
[libx264 @ 0x9b065a0] i16 v,h,dc,p: 29% 19% 10% 42%
[libx264 @ 0x9b065a0] i8 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 31% 21% 29%  2%  3%  4%  4%  3%  3%
[libx264 @ 0x9b065a0] i4 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 39% 28% 18%  2%  3%  3%  3%  2%  2%
[libx264 @ 0x9b065a0] i8c dc,h,v,p: 100%  0%  0%  0%
[libx264 @ 0x9b065a0] Weighted P-Frames: Y:5.3% UV:0.0%
[libx264 @ 0x9b065a0] ref P L0: 67.9% 12.0% 12.6%  6.8%  0.6%
[libx264 @ 0x9b065a0] ref B L0: 76.9% 23.1%
[libx264 @ 0x9b065a0] ref B L1: 99.7%  0.3%
[libx264 @ 0x9b065a0] kb/s:226.31

这很好用。但时序却截然不同，更不用说 CPU 周期了。第一个命令以毫秒为单位，而第二个命令可能需要相当长的时间（约 5-40 秒）。

有没有其他方法可以快速将 avi 转换为 mp4 容器？理想情况下是通过重新复用而不是重新编码。

EDIT

我现在正在使用它，我发现它是重新编码最快的。但我还是不想这样做。我只是想重新混合代码。

ffmpeg -loglevel quiet -i myfile.avi -vcodec libx264 -profile:v baseline -preset ultrafast myfile.mp4

我不会做与你已经做的不同的事情。我尝试在 OS X 10.7 上使用 ffmpeg-1.2 重新混合该文件：

ffmpeg --info
ffmpeg version 1.2 Copyright (c) 2000-2013 the FFmpeg developers
  built on Apr  8 2013 02:39:03 with Apple LLVM version 4.2 (clang-425.0.27) (based on LLVM 3.2svn)

我尝试了你的命令并明确

ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -vcodec copy -acodec copy out.mp4

但我总是遇到以下错误：

ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -vcodec copy -acodec copy out.mp4
ffmpeg version 1.2 Copyright (c) 2000-2013 the FFmpeg developers
  built on Apr  8 2013 02:39:03 with Apple LLVM version 4.2 (clang-425.0.27) (based on LLVM 3.2svn)
  configuration: --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/1.2 --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-nonfree --enable-hardcoded-tables --enable-avresample --enable-vda --cc=cc --host-cflags= --host-ldflags= --enable-libx264 --enable-libfaac --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libxvid
  libavutil      52. 18.100 / 52. 18.100
  libavcodec     54. 92.100 / 54. 92.100
  libavformat    54. 63.104 / 54. 63.104
  libavdevice    54.  3.103 / 54.  3.103
  libavfilter     3. 42.103 /  3. 42.103
  libswscale      2.  2.100 /  2.  2.100
  libswresample   0. 17.102 /  0. 17.102
  libpostproc    52.  2.100 / 52.  2.100
[avi @ 0x7f9ef981ae00] non-interleaved AVI
Guessed Channel Layout for  Input Stream #0.1 : mono
Input #0, avi, from 'myfile.avi':
  Metadata:
    encoder         : Lavf52.64.2
  Duration: 00:00:10.40, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 409 kb/s
    Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (Baseline) (H264 / 0x34363248), yuvj420p, 640x480, 10 fps, 10 tbr, 10 tbn, 30 tbc
    Stream #0:1: Audio: pcm_s16le ([1][0][0][0] / 0x0001), 8000 Hz, mono, s16, 128 kb/s
[mp4 @ 0x7f9ef991ac00] Tag [1][0][0][0]/0x00000001 incompatible with output codec id '65536' ([0][0][0][0])
Output #0, mp4, to 'out.mp4':
  Metadata:
    encoder         : Lavf52.64.2
    Stream #0:0: Video: h264 ([33][0][0][0] / 0x0021), yuvj420p, 640x480, q=2-31, 10 fps, 90k tbn, 10 tbc
    Stream #0:1: Audio: pcm_s16le ([1][0][0][0] / 0x0001), 8000 Hz, mono, 128 kb/s
Stream mapping:
  Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (copy)
  Stream #0:1 -> #0:1 (copy)
Could not write header for output file #0 (incorrect codec parameters ?): Invalid data found when processing input

所以我快速研究了错误号，发现 pcm_s16le 与 mp4 不兼容。看到这个ffmpeg 跟踪器的错误报告 https://ffmpeg.org/trac/ffmpeg/ticket/1489.

这可能会解释您的两个命令的不同结果 - 尽管奇怪的是它在您的情况下没有产生错误（旧的 ffmpeg 快照？）。

所以我想解决方案可以/将是从一开始就提供不同的音频编解码器或将音轨转换为不同的编解码器。作为一个快速测试，我尝试了：

ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -vcodec copy -acodec mp2 out.mp4

输出文件立即写入磁盘 - 没有产生任何错误。不幸的是我无法使用 Flash 播放器验证结果。