我在 Robot Framework 中见过很多“嵌套”For 循环，主要是创建一个内部带有 For 循环的关键字，然后在另一个 For 循环中调用该关键字。我使用 Python 2.7.13 制作了一个可嵌套的 For 循环，但因为它主要使用 Run keywords 语法，所以我无法使用 Robot Framework 风格的语法创建变量（例如${variable_name}= My Keyword）。根据记录，这是内置机器人框架库下的 Run keywords，它使用以下语法：
Run Keywords Keyword1 arg11 arg12 AND Keyword2 arg21 arg22
等价地，可以写成这样：
Run Keywords Keyword1 arg11 arg12
... AND Keyword2 arg21 arg22
它通常不支持在其中创建变量。但是，我使用 Run keywords 作为可嵌套 For 循环的一部分。下面是该关键字的 Python 代码。
from robot.libraries.BuiltIn import BuiltIn
class Loops(object):
def __init__(self):
self.selenium_lib = BuiltIn().get_library_instance('ExtendedSelenium2Library')
self.internal_variables = {}
def for_loop(self, loop_type, start, end, index_var, *keywords):
# Format the keywords
keywords = self._format_loop(*keywords)
# Clean out the internal variables from previous iterations
self.internal_variables = {}
# This is the actual looping part
for loop_iteration in range(int(start), int(end)):
keyword_set = self._index_var_swap(loop_iteration, index_var, *keywords)
# If it's a one-keyword list with no arguments, then I can use the fastest possible keyword to run it
if len(keyword_set) == 1:
BuiltIn().run_keyword(keyword_set)
# If it's a one-keyword list with arguments, then I can use a faster keyword to run it
elif 'AND' not in keyword_set:
BuiltIn().run_keyword(*keyword_set)
# If it's a multiple-keyword list, then I have to use Run Keywords
else:
BuiltIn().run_keywords(*keyword_set)
def _format_loop(self, *keywords):
keywords = list(keywords) # I need to format the keywords as a list.
changed = False # Whether or not I changed anything in the previous iteration.
index = 0 # The item index I'm at in the list of keywords
del_list = [] # The list of items I need to delete
swap_list = [] # The list of items i need to swap to AND for the use of Run Keywords
# For each argument
for x in keywords:
# Format it to a string
x = str(x)
# If the keyword in question happens to be one of the 'Assign Internal Variable' keywords, then I need
# to run it now, not later.
# By splitting it up, I add a little complexity to the code but speed up execution when you're just
# assigning a scalar variable as opposed to having to search through the next few items just to find
# what I know is just going to be the next one.
# So, if it's the simple assignment...
if x.lower() == 'assign internal variable':
# ...run the Assign Internal Variable keyword with the two inputs
BuiltIn().run_keyword(x, *keywords[int(index)+1:int(index)+3])
# If it's the more complicated variable...
elif x.lower() == 'assign internal variable to keyword':
# ...initialize variables...
deliminator_search = 0
k_check = x
# ...search the next few keywords for a deliminator...
while k_check != '\\' and k_check != '\\\\':
deliminator_search = deliminator_search + 1
k_check = keywords[int(index)+deliminator_search]
# ...and run the Assign Internal Variable to Keyword keyword with the found keyword
BuiltIn().run_keyword(x, *keywords[int(index)+1:int(index)+2+deliminator_search])
# If the previous element was not changed...
if not changed:
# If the current item is not the last one on the list...
if x != len(keywords) - 1:
# If the current item is a deliminator...
if x == '\\':
# If the next item is a deliminator, delete this item and set changed to True
if keywords[int(index) + 1] == '\\':
del_list.append(index)
changed = True
# If the next item is not a deliminator...
else:
# If this isn't the first deliminator on the list, swap it to an 'AND'
if index != 0:
swap_list.append(index)
changed = True
# If this deliminator is in position index=0, just delete it
else:
del_list.append(index)
changed = True
# If the current element is not a deliminator, then I don't need to touch anything.
# If the current element is the last one, then I don't need to touch anything
# If the previous element was changed, then I don't need to "change" this one...
elif changed:
changed = False
# ...but if it's a deliminator then I do need to set it up for the inner for loop it means.
if keywords[index] == '\\':
keywords[index] = '\\\\'
index = index + 1 # Advance the index
# These actually do the swapping and deleting
for thing in swap_list:
keywords[thing] = 'AND'
del_list.reverse()
for item in del_list:
del keywords[item]
# I also need to activate my variables for this set of keywords to run.
keywords = self._activate_variables(*keywords)
return keywords
@staticmethod
def _index_var_swap(loop_iteration, index_var, *keywords):
# Format the keywords as a list for iteration
keywords = list(keywords)
index = 0
# For every line in keywords
for line in keywords:
# Replace all instances of the index_var in the string with the loop iteration as a string
keywords[index] = str(line).replace(str(index_var), str(loop_iteration))
index = index + 1
return keywords
def assign_internal_variable(self, variable_name, assignment):
# This keyword works like any other keyword so that it can be activated by BuiltIn.run_keywords
# The syntax for an internal variable is '{{varName}}' where varName can be anything
self.internal_variables[variable_name] = assignment
def assign_internal_variable_to_keyword(self, variable_name, keyword, *assignment):
# This keyword works like any other keyword so that it can be activated by BuiltIn.run_keywords
# The syntax for an internal variable is '{{varName}}' where varName can be anything
self.internal_variables[variable_name] = BuiltIn.run_keyword(keyword, *assignment)
def _activate_variables(self, *keywords):
# Initialize variables
keywords = list(keywords) # Cast keywords as a List
index = 0 # The index of the keyword I'm looking at
# For each keyword
for keyword in keywords:
keyword = str(keyword) # Cast keyword as a String
assignment = False # Whether or not the found variable name is in a variable assignment
for key in self.internal_variables.keys():
key = str(key) # Cast key as a String
# If I can find the key in the keyword and it's not an assignment...
if keyword.find(key) > -1 and not assignment:
# ...replace the text of the key in the keyword.
keywords[index] = keyword.replace(str(key), str(self.internal_variables[key]))
# If the keyword I'm looking at is an assignment...
if keyword.lower() == 'assign internal variable'\
and keyword.lower() != 'assign internal variable to keyword':
# ...then my next keyword is going to definitely be a known variable, so I don't want to touch it.
assignment = True
# If the keyword I'm looking at is not an assignment...
else:
# ...set assignment to False just in case the previous one happened to be an assignment.
assignment = False
index = index + 1 # Advance the index
return keywords # Return the list of keywords to be used in the format loop
如您所见，我的解决方法是创建一个名为“分配内部变量”的新关键字及其伙伴“将内部变量分配给关键字”。然而，这对 Robot Framework 循环的语法的改变有点太显着了，不符合我的喜好，并且有些限制，因为内部变量与外部变量完全分开。该关键字在 Robot Framework 测试用例中的作用示例如下：
*** Variables ***
${gold_squadron} = Gold
${red_squadron} = Red
*** Test Cases ***
Test For Loop
For Loop IN RANGE 0 1 INDEX0
... \\ For Loop IN RANGE 1 6 INDEX1
... \\ \\ Assign Internal Variable {{standing_by}} Standing By Red Leader
... \\ \\ Run Keyword If INDEX1 == 1 Log to Console ${red_squadron} Leader Standing By
... \\ \\ Run Keyword Unless INDEX1 == 1 Log to Console ${red_squadron} INDEX1 {{standing_by}}
... \\ For Loop IN RANGE 1 6 INDEX2
... \\ \\ Assign Internal Variable {{standing_by_2}} Standing By Gold Leader
... \\ \\ Run Keyword If INDEX2 == 1 Log to Console ${gold_squadron} Leader Standing By
... \\ \\ Run Keyword Unless INDEX2 == 1 Log to Console ${gold_squadron} INDEX2 {{standing_by_2}}
假设您已正确将 Loops.py python 文件导入为库，该循环将按预期工作。然而，我正在寻找的语法类似于以下内容：
*** Variables ***
${gold_squadron} = Gold
${red_squadron} = Red
*** Test Cases ***
Test For Loop
For Loop IN RANGE 0 1 INDEX0
... \\ For Loop IN RANGE 1 6 INDEX1
... \\ \\ {standing_by}= Standing By Red Leader
... \\ \\ Run Keyword If INDEX1 == 1 Log to Console ${red_squadron} Leader Standing By
... \\ \\ Run Keyword Unless INDEX1 == 1 Log to Console ${red_squadron} INDEX1 {{standing_by}}
... \\ For Loop IN RANGE 1 6 INDEX2
... \\ \\ {standing_by_2}= Standing By Gold Leader
... \\ \\ Run Keyword If INDEX2 == 1 Log to Console ${gold_squadron} Leader Standing By
... \\ \\ Run Keyword Unless INDEX2 == 1 Log to Console ${gold_squadron} INDEX2 {{standing_by_2}}
对于那些不想深入研究 Robot Framework 基本代码的人（不推荐，这很痛苦），For 循环通常不能嵌套在 Robot Framework 中的原因是因为在基本层面上，关键字和 For 循环完全是两个不同的对象。某些关键字经过编码，以便它们可以使用其他关键字（例如“Run Keyword”），但 For 循环不是这样编码的。如果有人能够找到一种方法来改变我的 For 循环的语法，那么对于刚刚来自 Robot Framework 的人来说，这将使最终结果更加直观。
需要明确的是，如果示例中不清楚，我可以使用测试用例和 For 循环外部的 Robot Framework 变量。我问的是如何在 For 循环本身中创建它们。
