htpasswd是Apache附带的程序，
htpasswd生成包含用户名和密码的文本文件，
每行内容格式为“用户名:密码”，
用于用户文件的基本身份认证。
当用户浏览某些网页的时候，
浏览器会提示输入用户名和密码，
比如awstats的日志报表，
你肯定不希望别人也能访问，
因此就需要对这些报表网页的访问增加身份验证。
如果你的web服务器是apache的话，
那么应该会自带htpasswd程序的，
不过我用的是nginx，
所以就需要安装一下了
ubuntu的好处体现出来了，
输入htpasswd，
系统会提示在哪个包中可以找到，
共查到5个包,
不是每个包都有htpasswd，
apt search htpasswd
Sorting... Done
Full Text Search... Done
apache2-utils/oldoldstable 2.4.10-10+deb8u16 amd64
Apache HTTP Server (utility programs for web servers)
golang-github-abbot-go-http-auth-dev/unknown,unknown 0.0~git20150714.0.46b9627-1~bpo8+1 all
Basic and Digest HTTP Authentication for golang http
libapache-htpasswd-perl/oldoldstable 1.8-1.1 all
Manage Unix crypt-style password file
lighttpd/oldoldstable,oldoldstable 1.4.35-4+deb8u1 amd64
fast webserver with minimal memory footprint
apt install apache2-utils
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
libapr1 libaprutil1
The following NEW packages will be installed:
apache2-utils libapr1 libaprutil1
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 291 not upgraded.
Need to get 196 kB/378 kB of archives.
After this operation, 959 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/debian-security/ jessie/updates/main apache2-utils amd64 2.4.10-10+deb8u16 [196 kB]
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Selecting previously unselected package libapr1:amd64.
(Reading database ... 47423 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libapr1_1.5.1-3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libapr1:amd64 (1.5.1-3) ...
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Unpacking apache2-utils (2.4.10-10+deb8u16) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.0.2-5) ...
Setting up libapr1:amd64 (1.5.1-3) ...
Setting up libaprutil1:amd64 (1.5.4-1) ...
Setting up apache2-utils (2.4.10-10+deb8u16) ...
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htpasswd -bc .users user passwd
