首先声明: 此次案例只为学习交流使用，切勿用于其他非法用途
目标网站：https://www.cfets-nex.com.cn/
提示：以下是本篇文章正文内容，下面案例可供参考
提示：下载2019年1月1日-至今的"银行间货币市场"PDF文件
下图网址：https://www.cfets-nex.com.cn/Market/marketOverview/dailyReview
提取关键词数据说明
提示：如果有更好的提取方式可以在评论处留言或者私信我，让我们在IT社区平台共同进步，感谢!
镜像地址
案例使用到的模块以及对应版本
pip指定模块安装：pip install 模块名 -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
pip指定requirements.txt文件安装：pip install -i https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple/ -r requirements.txt
1、打开链接，可以发现一个规律，每天收盘日评的网站链接是由相应的日期字符串组成；
链接后面的时间字符串为：2022/12/15
链接后面的时间字符串为：2022/12/16
2、按F12进入开发者模式，可以直接看到PDF的链接，直接请求网站就完事了；
标签a的href：/Cms_Data/Contents/Site2019/Folders/Daily/~contents/XBVJCVJ4Q8QG9A9L/MM.pdf
根据经验前缀需要加上：https://www.cfets-nex.com.cn
组合后可以直接打开PDF：https://www.cfets-nex.com.cn/Cms_Data/Contents/Site2019/Folders/Daily/~contents/XBVJCVJ4Q8QG9A9L/MM.pdf
import datetime
start_string = '2019-01-01'
def create_date_list():
start_date = datetime.datetime.strptime(start_string , "%Y-%m-%d") # 将指定的字符串转为时间格式
now_date = (datetime.datetime.now()).strftime("%Y-%m-%d") # 获取当前的时间
date_string_list = list()
i = 0
while True:
date_i = (start_date + datetime.timedelta(days=i)).strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
date_string = str(date_i).replace('-', '/')
print("创建时间字符串 - 存储成功：", date_string)
date_string_list.append(date_string)
if date_i < now_date:
i += 1
else:
break
return date_string_list
import requests
headers = {
'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/95.0.4638.69 Safari/537.36'
}
def pdf_download():
file_path = "result.pdf"
pdf_url = 'https://xxxx.pdf'
response = requests.get(url=pdf_url, headers=headers, timeout=5)
with open(file_path, 'wb') as fis:
for chunk in response.iter_content(chunk_size=1000):
fis.write(chunk)
fis.flush()
print(f'下载完成：{file_path}')
return True
import PyPDF2
pdffile = open(file=file_path, mode='rb') # 读取pdf文件;
pdfreader = PyPDF2.PdfFileReader(pdffile)
pdf_content = ''
for i in range(pdfreader.numPages): # 获取pdf的总页数;
page_content = pdfreader.getPage(i) # 获取第i页的对象;
pdf_content += page_content.extractText() # 提取第i页的对象内容,字符串类型;
parse(pdf_content) # 自定义一个解析内容的方法，根据自己的需求提取相应的内容;
import os
import re
import time
import PyPDF2
import datetime
import requests
import pandas as pd
from requests import exceptions as request_exceptions
class SHICEconomy(object):
def __init__(self):
self.headers = {
'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) '
'Chrome/95.0.4638.69 Safari/537.36'
}
self.start_string = '2019-01-01'
self.resource_path = 'resource'
self.result_file_path = 'result.csv'
def create_date_list(self):
start_date = datetime.datetime.strptime(self.start_string, "%Y-%m-%d") # 将指定的字符串转为时间格式
now_date = (datetime.datetime.now()).strftime("%Y-%m-%d") # 获取当前的时间
date_string_list = list()
i = 0
while True:
date_i = (start_date + datetime.timedelta(days=i)).strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
date_string = str(date_i).replace('-', '/')
print("创建时间字符串 - 存储成功：", date_string)
date_string_list.append(date_string)
if date_i < now_date:
i += 1
else:
break
return date_string_list
def request_server(self, url):
request_count = 0
request_total = 3
result = {'status': False}
while request_count < request_total:
try:
response = requests.get(url=url, headers=self.headers, timeout=5)
result = {'status': True, 'response': response}
break
except request_exceptions.ConnectTimeout:
print(f'{url} - 请求失败 ConnectTimeout!\n', end='')
except request_exceptions.RequestException:
print(f'{url} - 请求失败 RequestException!\n', end='')
request_count += 1
time.sleep(1)
return result
def pdf_download(self, file_path, pdf_url):
""" pdf下载 """
download_result = {'status': False}
request_result = self.request_server(url=pdf_url)
if request_result['status'] is False:
return download_result
response = request_result['response']
with open(file_path, 'wb') as fis:
for chunk in response.iter_content(chunk_size=1000):
fis.write(chunk)
fis.flush()
print(f'下载完成：{file_path}')
download_result = {'status': True}
return download_result
def read_finished_download_path(self):
finished_download_pdf_list = list()
for path in os.listdir(self.resource_path):
file_path = f'{self.resource_path}/{path}'
finished_download_pdf_list.append(file_path)
return finished_download_pdf_list
def pdf_download_controller(self, date_string_list=[]):
""" pdf下载控制 """
finished_download_pdf_list = self.read_finished_download_path() # 获取已经下载的pdf地址
for date_string in date_string_list:
file_path = f"{self.resource_path}/{date_string.replace('/', '-')}.pdf" # 拼接下载文件路径
if file_path in finished_download_pdf_list:
print(f"已下载：{file_path}")
continue
url = f'https://www.cfets-nex.com.cn/Market/marketOverview/dailyReview?Date={date_string}'
request_result = self.request_server(url=url)
if request_result['status'] is False: # pdf请求状态
print(f"请求失败：{url}")
continue
html_text = request_result['response'].text
pdf_re = re.search(pattern="银行间货币市场.*?href='(.*?)'", string=html_text, flags=re.S) # 匹配pdf下载地址
pdf_prefix = 'https://www.cfets-nex.com.cn'
if pdf_re is None:
print(f"当天无数据（或还未发布数据）：{url}")
continue
else:
pdf_suffix = pdf_re.group(1)
pdf_url = pdf_prefix + pdf_suffix
download_result = self.pdf_download(file_path, pdf_url) # 下载pdf
if download_result['status'] is False: # pdf下载状态
print(f"下载失败：{url}")
continue
finished_download_pdf_list.append(file_path) # 存储下载成功之后的文件地址
return finished_download_pdf_list
def pdf_parse(self, pdf_path_list):
for file_path in pdf_path_list:
column1_content = file_path.split('/')[-1].split('.pdf')[0]
try:
pdffile = open(file=file_path, mode='rb') # 读取pdf文件
pdfreader = PyPDF2.PdfFileReader(pdffile)
except Exception:
content = f"{column1_content},None,None\n"
self.csv_save(content)
print(f"{file_path} - PDF读取异常")
continue
pdf_content = ''
for i in range(pdfreader.numPages): # 获取pdf的总页数
page_content = pdfreader.getPage(i) # 获取第i页的对象
pdf_content += page_content.extractText() # 提取第i页的对象内容
column2_1_re = re.search(pattern='今.{0,1}资金面(.*?)。', string=pdf_content, flags=re.S)
column2_2_re = re.search(pattern='早盘资金面(.*?)。', string=pdf_content, flags=re.S)
if column2_1_re:
column2_content = f'{column2_1_re.group()}'.replace('\n', '').replace(',', '，')
elif column2_2_re:
column2_content = f'{column2_2_re.group()}'.replace('\n', '').replace(',', '，')
else:
column2_content = 'None'
column3_1_re = re.search(pattern='资金面情绪指数(.*?)\n', string=pdf_content, flags=re.S)
column3_2_re = re.search(pattern='今日全天的资金面指数(.*?)\n', string=pdf_content, flags=re.S)
column3_3_re = re.search(pattern='今日资金.{0,1}情绪指数(.*?)\n', string=pdf_content, flags=re.S)
column3_4_re = re.search(pattern='情绪指数(.*?)\n', string=pdf_content, flags=re.S)
if column3_1_re:
column3_content = f'资金面情绪指数{column3_1_re.group(1)}'.replace('\n', '').replace(',', '，')
elif column3_2_re:
column3_content = f'今日全天的资金面指数{column3_2_re.group(1)}。'.replace('\n', '').replace(',', '，')
elif column3_3_re:
column3_content = f'{column3_3_re.group()}'.replace('\n', '').replace(',', '，')
elif column3_4_re:
column3_content = f'{column3_4_re.group()}'.replace('\n', '').replace(',', '，')
else:
column3_content = 'None'
content = f"{column1_content},{column2_content},{column3_content}\n"
self.csv_save(content)
print("写入成功：", column1_content, column2_content, column3_content)
return True
def create_file(self):
if os.path.exists(self.resource_path) is False:
os.mkdir(self.resource_path)
with open(file=self.result_file_path, mode='w', encoding='utf-8') as fis:
fis.write('日期,今日资金面,资金面情绪指数\n')
def csv_save(self, content):
with open(file=self.result_file_path, mode='a+', encoding='utf-8') as fis:
fis.write(content)
def csv_save_as_xlsx(self):
""" 读取csv文件将结果写入xlsx """
filename_prefix = os.path.splitext(self.result_file_path)[0] # 切割文件路径以及后缀
df = pd.read_csv(self.result_file_path, encoding='utf-8', dtype='object')
df.to_excel(f"{filename_prefix}.xlsx", index=False)
print("csv 转 xlsx 成功!")
def runs(self):
self.create_file()
date_string_list = self.create_date_list()
pdf_path_list = self.pdf_download_controller(date_string_list)
self.pdf_parse(pdf_path_list)
self.csv_save_as_xlsx()
if __name__ == '__main__':
SHICEconomy().runs()
此次案例只为学习交流使用，若有侵犯网站利益的地方请及时联系我下架该博文；
在此我抛出两个问题，欢迎在评论区讨论或者私信我，感谢赐教！：
问题1：如何通过requests请求pdf链接拿到二进制内容后直接使用pdf解析模块进行解析；
问题2：如何以更好的方式提取pdf的关键词内容；