1. 查看数据库默认编码
MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like "%char%";
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
2. 数据库单库字符编码
2.1 查看指定数据库字符编码
MariaDB [(none)]> show create database demo;
+----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database |
+----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| demo | CREATE DATABASE `demo` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */ |
+----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
2.2 更改指定数据库字符编码
MariaDB [(none)]> ALTER DATABASE `demo` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
MariaDB [(none)]> show create database demo;
+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database |
+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| demo | CREATE DATABASE `demo` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */ |
+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
2.3 创建数据库指定字符集
ariaDB [(none)]> create database [数据库名称] character set utf8;
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3. 数据库单表字符编码
3.1 查看指定数据库指定表字符编码
MariaDB [(none)]> show create table demo.users;
+-------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Table | Create Table |
+-------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| users | CREATE TABLE `users` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL,
`email` varchar(120) DEFAULT NULL,
`phone_num` varchar(13) DEFAULT NULL,
`password` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL,
`valid` smallint(6) DEFAULT NULL,
`comment` text,
`about_me` varchar(140) DEFAULT NULL,
`last_seen` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `password` (`password`),
UNIQUE KEY `ix_users_phone_num` (`phone_num`),
UNIQUE KEY `ix_users_name` (`name`),
UNIQUE KEY `ix_users_email` (`email`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 |
+-------+-------------------------------------------------------+
3.2 更改指定数据库指定表字符编码
MariaDB [(none)]> alter table [数据库名称.表名称] character set utf8;
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3.3 创建数据库表指定字符编码
MariaDB [(demo)]> CREATE TABLE `users` (
`id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` VARCHAR(64) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`password` VARCHAR(64) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) default COLLATE='utf8_general_ci'
3.4 更改表字段编码
MariaDB [(demo)]> alter table [表名称] change [字段名称] [字段名称] [类型] character set utf8;
MariaDB [(demo)]> alter table users change name name varchar(20) character set utf8;
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