本文将介绍一些pyqt5基本使用技巧，不借助Qtdesigner，而是全部用代码编写，将实现页面布局、窗口自适应、字体自适应等功能。一般的简易工程均可使用，简单高效。对于pyqt5的一些基本技巧，本文内容基本够用，可以快速实现自己想要的界面。
Demo
import sys
import time
import cv2
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget, QLabel, QTextEdit, QPushButton, QFileDialog
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QVBoxLayout, QHBoxLayout, QGridLayout
from PyQt5.QtGui import QTextOption, QImage, QPixmap
class QtDemo(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(QtDemo, self).__init__()
self.desktop = QApplication.desktop()
#获取显示器分辨率大小
self.screenRect = self.desktop.screenGeometry()
self.height = self.screenRect.height()
self.width = self.screenRect.width()
#获取不同分辨率下需要缩放的比例，2560为参考尺寸
self.scale_ratio = self.width / 2560
# self.resize(900, 400)
#根据显示器分辨率自动设置窗口大小
self.setGeometry(50, 50, 50 + int(900 * self.scale_ratio), 50 + int(400 * self.scale_ratio))
#设置窗口名称与标题
self.setWindowTitle("QtDemo")
self.label1 = QLabel(self)
self.label1.setText('标题一')
self.label1.setWordWrap(True)
self.label1.setStyleSheet("QLabel{qproperty-alignment: AlignCenter;font-size:30px;font-weight:bold;font-family:宋体;}")
self.label2 = QLabel(self)
self.label2.setText('标题2')
self.label2.setWordWrap(True)
self.label2.setStyleSheet("QLabel{qproperty-alignment: AlignCenter;font-size:30px;font-weight:bold;font-family:宋体;}")
self.label3 = QLabel(self)
self.label3.setText('标题3')
self.label3.setWordWrap(True)
self.label3.setStyleSheet("QLabel{qproperty-alignment: AlignCenter;font-size:30px;font-weight:bold;font-family:宋体;}")
self.label11 = QLabel(self)
self.label11.setText("Label11")
self.label11.resize(320, 320)
#设置label样式
self.label11.setStyleSheet("QLabel{background:#FFFFFF;}"
"QLabel{qproperty-alignment: AlignCenter;color:rgb(300,300,300,120);font-size:15px;font-weight:bold;font-family:宋体;}")
self.label12 = QLabel(self)
self.label12.setText("Label12")
self.label12.resize(320, 320)
self.label12.setStyleSheet("QLabel{background:#FFFFFF;}"
"QLabel{qproperty-alignment: AlignCenter;color:rgb(300,300,300,120);font-size:15px;font-weight:bold;font-family:宋体;}")
self.text1 = QTextEdit(self)
self.text1.setWordWrapMode(QTextOption.NoWrap)
self.text1.setText("Text1")
self.text1.setFixedSize(200, 320)
self.text1.setStyleSheet("QTextEdit{background:#FFFFFF;}"
"QTextEdit{qproperty-alignment: AlignCenter;color:rgb(300,300,300,120);font-size:15px;font-weight:bold;font-family:宋体;}")
self.btn1 = QPushButton(self)
self.btn1.setText("按钮一")
self.btn1.clicked.connect(self.fun1)
self.btn1.setStyleSheet("QPushButton{background:(#F000F0)}"
"QPushButton{qproperty-alignment: AlignCenter;color:rgb(300,300,300,120);font-size:25px;font-weight:bold;font-family:宋体;}")
self.btn2 = QPushButton(self)
self.btn2.setText("按钮二")
self.btn2.clicked.connect(self.fun2)
self.btn2.setStyleSheet("QPushButton{background:(#F000F0)}"
"QPushButton{qproperty-alignment: AlignCenter;color:rgb(300,300,300,120);font-size:25px;font-weight:bold;font-family:宋体;}")
self.btn3 = QPushButton(self)
self.btn3.setText("按钮三")
self.btn3.clicked.connect(self.fun3)
self.btn3.setStyleSheet("QPushButton{background:(#F000F0)}"
"QPushButton{qproperty-alignment: AlignCenter;color:rgb(300,300,300,120);font-size:25px;font-weight:bold;font-family:宋体;}")
self.btn4 = QPushButton(self)
self.btn4.setText("按钮四")
self.btn4.clicked.connect(self.fun4)
self.btn4.setStyleSheet("QPushButton{background:(#F000F0)}"
"QPushButton{qproperty-alignment: AlignCenter;color:rgb(300,300,300,120);font-size:25px;font-weight:bold;font-family:宋体;}")
self.btn5 = QPushButton(self)
self.btn5.setText("按钮五")
self.btn5.clicked.connect(self.fun5)
self.btn5.setStyleSheet("QPushButton{background:(#F000F0)}"
"QPushButton{qproperty-alignment: AlignCenter;color:rgb(300,300,300,120);font-size:25px;font-weight:bold;font-family:宋体;}")
grid1 = QGridLayout()
grid1.addWidget(self.label1, 1, 1)
grid1.addWidget(self.label2, 1, 2)
grid1.addWidget(self.label3, 1, 3)
grid1.addWidget(self.label11, 2, 1)
grid1.addWidget(self.label12, 2, 2)
grid1.addWidget(self.text1, 2, 3)
grid2 = QGridLayout()
grid2.addWidget(self.btn1, 1, 1)
grid2.addWidget(self.btn2, 1, 2)
grid3 = QGridLayout()
grid3.addWidget(self.btn3, 1, 1)
grid3.addWidget(self.btn4, 1, 2)
grid3.addWidget(self.btn5, 1, 3)
hbox = QHBoxLayout()
hbox.addStretch(2)
hbox.addLayout(grid2)
hbox.addStretch(2)
hbox.addLayout(grid3)
hbox.addStretch(3)
vbox = QVBoxLayout()
vbox.addLayout(grid1)
vbox.addStretch(1)
vbox.addLayout(hbox)
vbox.addStretch(1)
self.setLayout(vbox)
def closeEvent(self, event):
import os
os._exit(1)
def resizeEvent(self, event):
#900为窗口初始尺寸
font_size = event.size().width() * 30 // int(900 * self.scale_ratio)
config = "QLabel{font-size:"+str(font_size)+"px;font-weight:bold;font-family:宋体;}"
self.label1.setStyleSheet(config)
self.label2.setStyleSheet(config)
self.label3.setStyleSheet(config)
w = event.size().width() * 320 // 900
h = event.size().height() * 320 // 400
self.label11.resize(w, h)
self.label12.resize(w, h)
self.text1.setFixedSize(w*200//320, h)
btn_font_size = event.size().width() * 25 // int(900 * self.scale_ratio)
config = "QPushButton{font-size:"+str(btn_font_size)+"px;font-weight:bold;font-family:宋体;}"
self.btn1.setStyleSheet(config)
self.btn2.setStyleSheet(config)
self.btn3.setStyleSheet(config)
self.btn4.setStyleSheet(config)
self.btn5.setStyleSheet(config)
def fun1(self):
image_path, imgType = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self, "打开图片", "", "*.jpg;;*.png")
img = cv2.imread(image_path)
img = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
# frame = QImage(image_path)
frame = QImage(img, img.shape[1], img.shape[0], img.shape[1] * 3, QImage.Format_RGB888)
picture = QPixmap.fromImage(frame).scaled(self.label11.width(), self.label12.height())
self.label11.setPixmap(picture)
def fun2(self):
self.btn2.setEnabled(False)
self.btn2.setText('处理中')
self.label12.setText("Fun2运行中，请稍后...")
self.label12.setStyleSheet("color:#FF0000;font-size:25px;}")
QApplication.processEvents()
time.sleep(3)
self.btn2.setEnabled(True)
self.btn2.setText('按钮二')
self.label12.setText("Fun2运行结束")
def fun3(self):
pass
def fun4(self):
pass
def fun5(self):
pass
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
win = QtDemo()
win.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
sys.exit(0)
