Centos 安装Vsftpd

2023-11-18

1. 安装VSFTP

1	`[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install vsftpd`

2. 配置vsftpd.conf文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

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# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

#

# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file

# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.

# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.

#

# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.

# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's

# capabilities.

#

# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).

#anonymous_enable=YES

#

# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.

local_enable=YES

#

# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.

write_enable=YES

#

# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,

# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)

local_umask=022

#

# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only

# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will

# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.

#anon_upload_enable=YES

#

# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create

# new directories.

#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES

#

# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they

# go into a certain directory.

dirmessage_enable=YES

#

# The target log file can be vsftpd_log_file or xferlog_file.

# This depends on setting xferlog_std_format parameter

xferlog_enable=YES

#

# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).

connect_from_port_20=YES

#

# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by

# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not

# recommended!

#chown_uploads=YES

#chown_username=whoever

#

# The name of log file when xferlog_enable=YES and xferlog_std_format=YES

# WARNING - changing this filename affects /etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log

#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog

#

# Switches between logging into vsftpd_log_file and xferlog_file files.

# NO writes to vsftpd_log_file, YES to xferlog_file

xferlog_std_format=YES

#

# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.

idle_session_timeout=600

#

# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.

data_connection_timeout=120

#

# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the

# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.

#nopriv_user=ftpsecure

#

# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not

# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,

# however, may confuse older FTP clients.

#async_abor_enable=YES

#

# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore

# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII

# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.

# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service

# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd

# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the

# raw file.

# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.

ascii_upload_enable=YES

ascii_download_enable=YES

#

# You may fully customise the login banner string:

ftpd_banner=Welcome to lightnear FTP service.

#

# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently

# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.

#deny_email_enable=YES

# (default follows)

#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails

#

# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home

# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of

# users to NOT chroot().

chroot_local_user=YES

#chroot_list_enable=YES

# (default follows)

#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list

#

# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by

# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large

# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume

# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.

ls_recurse_enable=YES

#

# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and

# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction

# with the listen_ipv6 directive.

listen=YES

#

# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6

# sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration files.

# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!

#listen_ipv6=YES

pam_service_name=vsftpd

userlist_enable=YES

userlist_deny=NO

local_root=/var/public_root

tcp_wrappers=YES

use_localtime=YES

3. 增加FTP帐户

这里设置的账户名为“cent”,密码为“cent”

1 2	`[root@localhost ~]# useradd cent -s /sbin/nologin` `[root@localhost ~]# passwd cent`

4. 编辑user_list文件，允许cent用户访问FTP

1	`[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/vsftpd/user_list`

# vsftpd userlist

# If userlist_deny=NO, only allow users in this file

# If userlist_deny=YES (default), never allow users in this file, and

# do not even prompt for a password.

# Note that the default vsftpd pam config also checks /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers

# for users that are denied.

root

bin

daemon

adm

lp

sync

shutdown

halt

mail

news

uucp

operator

games

nobody

cent

5. 建立我们的根目录，并设置访问权限

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /var/public_root

[root@localhost ~]# chown -R cent /var/public_root

[root@localhost ~]# chmod -R 755 /var/public_root

6. 开启vsftpd服务

1	`[root@localhost ~]# service vsftpd start`

7.默认开启vsftp服务

1	`[root@localhost var]# chkconfig vsftpd on`

遇到问题一：vsftpd 530 Login incorrect

/etc/pam.d/vsftpd 默认如下

# Standard behaviour for ftpd(8).
auth   required        pam_listfile.so item=user sense=deny file=/etc/ftpusers 
onerr=succeed
# Note: vsftpd handles anonymous logins on its own. Do not enable pam_ftp.so.
# Standard pam includes
@include common-account
@include common-session
@include common-auth
auth   required        pam_shells.so

导致530错误的原因有：
auth required pam_listfile.so item=user sense=deny file=/etc/ftpusers onerr=succeed

含义：该配置项的含义是 /etc/ftpusers 中的用户禁止登陆，如果文件不存在在默认所有用户均允许登录. 所以确保用户没在这个文件内。

auth required pam_shells.so

含义：仅允许用户的shell为 /etc/shells文件内的shell命令时，才能够成功。

解决办法：1、确保新增用户不在/etc/ftpusers 文件中

2、注销auth required pam_shells.so 这行代码

遇到问题二：500 OOPS: vsftpd: refusing to run with writable root inside chroot ()

问题含义：限定了用户不能跳出其主目录之后，使用其他用户登入时提示该错误。

解决办法：编辑vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf文件，追加如下代码片段：

allow_writeable_chroot=YES

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