IDEA2021从零开始搭建SSM框架手把手详细教程 (一)

2023-11-20

开发环境: macos IDEA 2021

mysql8.0, toma9.0

源码: https://download.csdn.net/download/a2267542848/19730797

1 基本环境搭建

1 新建工程

新建后整个目录如下

2 添加tomcat配置

选择tomcat server local

deployment添加artifacts exploded

war模式这种可以称之为是发布模式，看名字也知道，这是先打成war包，再发布

war exploded模式是直接把文件夹、jsp页面、classes等等移到Tomcat 部署文件夹里面，进行加载部署。因此这种方式支持热部署，一般在开发的时候也是用这种方式。

从这里可以看到之后的访问路径

点击运行, 在会自动打开浏览器,如果出现下面的hello world 那证明当前环境没问题

2 加入spring

1 加入spring框架

在工程上右键, add framework support, 选择spring mvc , 会自动下载spring的库和添加WEB-INF下的配置

2 新建目录

在main 下新建java和resources, 在src下新建test/java

点击到project structure为这些文件夹添加属性

java添加sources, resources添加Resources,test/java添加Tests

设置完之后会变颜色

3 新建spring 目录

在java下新建如下的目录,test也新建 com.ssm.kirito是包名字, 这是我取的

controller是控制器

dao是mapper interface

entity是pojo

exception是异常处理

service是服务和impl实现

util是工具

mapper是mapper xml

spring是spring配置

4 新建spring, mybatis,jdbc文件

新建配置如下图

通过如下方法添加spring xml 和jdbc.properties

5 添加依赖修改pom.xml

在pom.xml中添加如下依赖

点击这图标会自动下载

注意数据库的版本,这个在下一章会讲

		<!-- 1.日志 -->
		<!-- 实现slf4j接口并整合 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
			<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
			<version>1.1.1</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 2.数据库 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<version>8.0.25</version>
			<scope>runtime</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>c3p0</groupId>
			<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
			<version>0.9.1.2</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- DAO: MyBatis -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
			<version>3.3.0</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
			<version>1.2.3</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 3.Servlet web -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
			<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
			<version>1.1.2</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>jstl</groupId>
			<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
			<version>1.2</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
			<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
			<version>2.5.4</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>3.1.0</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 4.Spring -->
		<!-- 1)Spring核心 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
			<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
			<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
			<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 2)Spring DAO层 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
			<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
			<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 3)Spring web -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
			<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
			<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 4)Spring test -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
			<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- redis客户端:Jedis -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
			<artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
			<version>2.7.3</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.dyuproject.protostuff</groupId>
			<artifactId>protostuff-core</artifactId>
			<version>1.0.8</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.dyuproject.protostuff</groupId>
			<artifactId>protostuff-runtime</artifactId>
			<version>1.0.8</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- Map工具类 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
			<artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
			<version>3.2</version>
		</dependency>

6 添加数据库的支持jdbc.properties

我用的是mysql8.0.25, 如果是低版本就用com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

数据库名字是book

注意不要用引号,不要有空格

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/book?useSSL=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=GMT
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123

7 添加mybatis和logback支持

logback.xml 文件修改如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration debug="true">
	<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
		<!-- encoders are by default assigned the type ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder -->
		<encoder>
			<pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n</pattern>
		</encoder>
	</appender>

	<root level="debug">
		<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
	</root>
</configuration>

mybatis-config.xml文件修改如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
	<!-- 配置全局属性 -->
	<settings>
		<!-- 使用jdbc的getGeneratedKeys获取数据库自增主键值 -->
		<setting name="useGeneratedKeys" value="true" />

		<!-- 使用列别名替换列名 默认:true -->
		<setting name="useColumnLabel" value="true" />

		<!-- 开启驼峰命名转换:Table{create_time} -> Entity{createTime} -->
		<setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true" />
	</settings>
</configuration>

8 添加spring配置

注意com.ssm.kirito替换为自己的包

spring-dao.xml修改如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!-- 配置整合mybatis过程 -->
    <!-- 1.配置数据库相关参数properties的属性：${url} -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />

    <!-- 2.数据库连接池 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!-- 配置连接池属性 -->
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" />
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />

        <!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30" />
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10" />
        <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false" />
        <!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000" />
        <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <!-- 配置MyBaties全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml -->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml" />
        <!-- 扫描entity包 使用别名 -->
        <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.ssm.kirito.entity" />
        <!-- 扫描sql配置文件:mapper需要的xml文件 -->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口，注入到spring容器中 -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" />
        <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.ssm.kirito.dao" />
    </bean>
</beans>

spring-service.xml修改如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    <!-- 扫描service包下所有使用注解的类型 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm.kirito.service" />

    <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
          class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置基于注解的声明式事务 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
</beans>

spring-web.xml修改如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
    <!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
    <!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解模式 -->
    <!-- 简化配置：
        (1)自动注册DefaultAnootationHandlerMapping,AnotationMethodHandlerAdapter
        (2)提供一些列：数据绑定，数字和日期的format @NumberFormat, @DateTimeFormat, xml,json默认读写支持
    -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置
        (1)加入对静态资源的处理：js,gif,png
        (2)允许使用"/"做整体映射
     -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm.kirito.controller" />
</beans>

删除applicationContext.xml和dispatcher.servlet.xml

修改web.xml如下, 只有修改了这个 spring才有效

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
                      http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1" metadata-complete="true">
    <!-- 如果是用mvn命令生成的xml，需要修改servlet版本为3.1 -->
    <!-- 配置DispatcherServlet -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!-- 配置springMVC需要加载的配置文件
            spring-dao.xml,spring-service.xml,spring-web.xml
            Mybatis - > spring -> springmvc
         -->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring/spring-*.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <!-- 默认匹配所有的请求 -->
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

3 编写数据库,编写DAO,control等

到目前为止,我们的环境已经搭建好了, 现在开始加入编写数据库,然后编写对象,和control, 和jsp等

1 数据库编写

可以进入到nvcat手动新建一个book的数据库, 表名字为book, 然后插入数据

也可以执行SQL语句

CREATE DATABASE `book`;

USE `book`;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `book`;
CREATE TABLE `book` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `filename` varchar(40) NOT NULL,
  `fileurl` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `isdel` int(4) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;


INSERT INTO `book` VALUES ('1', 'book1', '345', '0');
INSERT INTO `book` VALUES ('2', 'book2', '123', '1');

2 新建entity POJO

book.java

这个是上面的sql对应的对象, 这个和mapper 可以用工具生成

package com.ssm.kirito.entity;

public class Book {
    /**
     * 上传的文件
     */
    private Integer id;

    /**
     * 文件名称
     */
    private String filename;

    /**
     * 文件地址
     */
    private String fileurl;

    /**
     * 是否删除（0否 1是）
     */
    private Integer isdel;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getFilename() {
        return filename;
    }

    public void setFilename(String filename) {
        this.filename = filename;
    }

    public String getFileurl() {
        return fileurl;
    }

    public void setFileurl(String fileurl) {
        this.fileurl = fileurl;
    }

    public Integer getIsdel() {
        return isdel;
    }

    public void setIsdel(Integer isdel) {
        this.isdel = isdel;
    }
}

3 新建dao 数据库操作

这是对数据库的具体操作,比如查找,插入等

dao/BookDao.java

package com.ssm.kirito.dao;

import com.ssm.kirito.entity.Book;

public interface BookDao {
    Book selectByPrimaryKey(Integer id);
}

对应的具体实现resources/mapper/BookMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.ssm.kirito.dao.BookDao">
    <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.ssm.kirito.entity.Book">
        <!--@mbg.generated-->
        <!--@Table file-->
        <id column="id" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="id" />
        <result column="filename" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="filename" />
        <result column="fileurl" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="fileurl" />
        <result column="isdel" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="isdel" />
    </resultMap>
    <sql id="Base_Column_List">
        <!--@mbg.generated-->
        id, filename, fileurl, isdel
    </sql>
    <select id="selectByPrimaryKey" parameterType="java.lang.Integer" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
        <!--@mbg.generated-->
        select
        <include refid="Base_Column_List" />
        from book
        where id = #{id,jdbcType=INTEGER}
    </select>
</mapper>

4 新建service 服务

这是具体的服务

service/BookService.java

package com.ssm.kirito.service;

import com.ssm.kirito.entity.Book;

public interface BookService {
    Book findbook(Integer id);
}

具体的实现 service/impl/BookServiceImpl.java

package com.ssm.kirito.service.impl;

import com.ssm.kirito.dao.BookDao;
import com.ssm.kirito.entity.Book;
import com.ssm.kirito.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
    @Autowired
    private BookDao bookDao;
    @Override
    public Book findbook(Integer id) {
        return bookDao.selectByPrimaryKey(id);
    }
}

5 新建具体web访问的接口 controller 和jsp

在web下新建jsp

WEB-INF/jsp/show.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>展示数据</h3>
<div>文件id：${book.id}</div>
<div>文件名称：${book.filename}</div>
<div>文件地址：${book.fileurl}</div>
</body>
</html>

controller/BookController.java

package com.ssm.kirito.controller;

import com.ssm.kirito.entity.Book;
import com.ssm.kirito.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/getbook")
public class BookController {
    @Autowired
    private BookService bookService;

    @RequestMapping("test")
    public String getDataById(HttpServletRequest request){
        Integer id = 1;
        Book book = bookService.findbook(id);
        request.setAttribute("book",book);
        return "show";
    }
}

访问路径为: /getbook/test 就会去数据库请求ID为1的数据, 就会返回show.jsp

6 运行

到此所有的工作已经完成, 平时不建议用JSP, 实际上用前后端分离

本项目代码为: https://download.csdn.net/download/a2267542848/19730797

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