如何在java中为游戏实现双缓冲？

因此，在我正在开发的游戏中，我有一个弹珠跟随鼠标，但当它这样做时，屏幕会闪烁。

背景包括两个 jpeg 和 9 个矩形。我该如何进行双缓冲呢？这是主窗口的代码。

/**
 * Write a description of class Window here.
 * 
 * @author (your name) 
 * @version (a version number or a date)
 */
public class Window extends JApplet implements MouseMotionListener
{
    private BufferedImage image; 
    private BufferedImage side;
    private int mouseX;
    private int mouseY;

    public Window(){
        try {
            image = ImageIO.read(new File("Backgrounds/violet.jpg"));
            side = ImageIO.read(new File("Backgrounds/side margin.jpg"));
        } catch (IOException ex) { }    
    }   

    private void delay(int delay)
    {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(delay);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {}
    }

    public void init()
    {
        this.addMouseMotionListener(this);
    }

    public void paint (Graphics page)
    {
        page.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null);
        page.setColor(Color.blue);
        page.fillRect(0, 0, 160, 160);
        page.setColor(Color.black);
        page.fillRect(15, 15, 130, 130);
        page.setColor(Color.green);
        page.fillRect(340, 0, 160, 160);
        page.setColor(Color.black);
        page.fillRect(355, 15, 130, 130);
        page.setColor(Color.yellow);
        page.fillRect(0, 340, 160, 160);
        page.setColor(Color.black);
        page.fillRect(15, 355, 130, 130);
        page.setColor(Color.red);
        page.fillRect(340, 340, 160, 160);
        page.setColor(Color.black);
        page.fillRect(355, 355, 130, 130);
        page.drawImage(side, 500, 0, null);
        page.drawString(Score.getScore(), 560, 110);
        //conveyors
        page.setColor(Color.gray);
        page.fillRect(235, 0, 30, 160);

        //marble
        delay(100);

        page.fillOval(mouseX, mouseY , 40, 40);          
    }

    public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e)
    {
        mouseX = e.getX();
        mouseY = e.getY();
        repaint();
    }

    public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e)
    {

    }
}

双缓冲在概念上非常简单，您不是一个接一个地绘制对象，而是将它们绘制在图像上，然后告诉渲染器绘制整个图像。这消除了闪烁。

以下是您可以如何执行此操作的示例（source http://www.ecst.csuchico.edu/~amk/classes/csciOOP/double-buffering.html)

class DoubleBufferedCanvas extends Canvas {

    public void update(Graphics g) {
    Graphics offgc;
    Image offscreen = null;
    Dimension d = size();

    // create the offscreen buffer and associated Graphics
    offscreen = createImage(d.width, d.height);
    offgc = offscreen.getGraphics();
    // clear the exposed area
    offgc.setColor(getBackground());
    offgc.fillRect(0, 0, d.width, d.height);
    offgc.setColor(getForeground());
    // do normal redraw
    paint(offgc);
    // transfer offscreen to window
    g.drawImage(offscreen, 0, 0, this);
    }
}

现在，您不必自己实现这一点，您可以使用 BufferStrategy 和相关类。有关示例，请参阅 lakam99 的回答。