如何强制本机应用程序使用较旧的 C 运行时

Visual Studio 2010 安装 VC9 运行时的 ...4974 版本，其.pdb 不可用 http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/vcgeneral/thread/dd8783ec-35cb-435c-b24b-068459c5e35e。我怎样才能强迫我的GME.exe使用较旧的 VC9 运行时？

我尝试过将其放入GME.exe.config:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
  <windows>
    <assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
      <assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="GME" processorArchitecture="x86" version="1.0.0.1"/>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="Microsoft.VC90.CRT" publicKeyToken="1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b" processorArchitecture="x86" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="9.0.21022.8-9.0.21022.4974" newVersion="9.0.30729.4148" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="9.0.30729.0-9.0.30729.4974" newVersion="9.0.30729.4148" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="Microsoft.VC90.MFC" publicKeyToken="1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b" processorArchitecture="x86" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="9.0.21022.8-9.0.21022.4974" newVersion="9.0.30729.4148" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="9.0.30729.0-9.0.30729.4974" newVersion="9.0.30729.4148" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="Microsoft.VC90.ATL" publicKeyToken="1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b" processorArchitecture="x86" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="9.0.21022.8-9.0.21022.4974" newVersion="9.0.30729.4148" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="9.0.30729.0-9.0.30729.4974" newVersion="9.0.30729.4148" />
      </dependentAssembly>
    </assemblyBinding>
  </windows>
</configuration>

然而，sxstrace 报告：

INFO: Resolving reference Microsoft.VC90.CRT,processorArchitecture="x86",publicKeyToken="1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b",type="win32",version="9.0.21022.8"
....
INFO: Publisher Policy redirected assembly version.

Adding <publisherPolicy apply="no"/> under <dependentAssembly>结果是ERROR: Activation Context generation failed.没有关于 Windows 7 的其他有用信息。

请注意，这仅用于调试我的本地副本，而不是重新分发，因此我不担心安全更新或发布者策略的其他好处。

答案来自http://blog.kalmbachnet.de/?postid=80 http://blog.kalmbachnet.de/?postid=80

诀窍是从应用程序清单中删除publicKey属性上的assemblyIdentity所以不使用WinSxS。

GME.exe.manifest:

<assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0">
  <trustInfo xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
    <security>
      <requestedPrivileges>
        <requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false"></requestedExecutionLevel>
      </requestedPrivileges>
    </security>
  </trustInfo>
  <dependency>
    <dependentAssembly>
      <assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="Microsoft.VC90.CRT" version="9.0.30729.4148" processorArchitecture="x86">
      </assemblyIdentity>
    </dependentAssembly>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <dependentAssembly>
      <assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="Microsoft.VC90.MFC" version="9.0.30729.4148" processorArchitecture="x86">
      </assemblyIdentity>
    </dependentAssembly>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <dependentAssembly>
      <assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="Microsoft.VC90.ATL" version="9.0.30729.4148" processorArchitecture="x86">
      </assemblyIdentity>
    </dependentAssembly>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <dependentAssembly>
      <assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="Microsoft.Windows.Common-Controls" version="6.0.0.0" processorArchitecture="x86" publicKeyToken="6595b64144ccf1df" language="*">
      </assemblyIdentity>
    </dependentAssembly>
  </dependency>
</assembly>

将清单嵌入到GME.exe（修改dll时用1代替2）：
mt -manifest GME.exe.manifest -outputresource:GME.exe;1

然后复制必要的dll：
cp -a windows/winsxs/x86_microsoft.vc90.{atl,crt,mfc}*30729.4148*/*dll path-to-app/

然后为未使用 SxS 的每个程序集创建清单，并将其放置在应用程序旁边。清单基于例如C:\Windows\WinSxS\Manifests\x86_microsoft.vc90.crt_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.4148_none_5090ab56bcba71c2.manifest:
Microsoft.VC90.CRT.Manifest:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0">
  <assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="Microsoft.VC90.CRT" version="9.0.30729.4148" processorArchitecture="x86"></assemblyIdentity>
    <file name="msvcr90.dll"></file>
    <file name="msvcp90.dll"></file>
    <file name="msvcm90.dll"></file>
</assembly>

无法从应用程序清单中删除程序集引用，因为 CRT 抱怨它没有通过 SxS 加载。

不幸的是，似乎必须修改应用程序中每个依赖 dll 的清单，包括从 WinSxS 复制的 dll，否则可能会加载多个版本。

这是一个对我有用的 bash 脚本，其中 ~/Documents/sxs-hack/ 包含 CRT dll 和修改后的清单：

rm -rf bin
mkdir bin
cp -a ~/Documents/sxs-hack/* bin/
find -iname \*.dll -or -iname \*.ocx -or -iname \*.exe | while read -r file; do
  cp -a "$file" bin/"$(basename $file)"
  export file=bin/"$(basename $file)"
  export res=$file\;2
  if [ ${file:${#file}-3} = "exe" ]; then export res=$file\;1; fi
  echo $file
  mt.exe -nologo -inputresource:"$res" -out:extracted.manifest &&
  perl -pli -e 's/(Microsoft.VC90.[^>]*)version="[^"]*"([^>]*)publicKeyToken="[^"]*"/$1 $2 version="9.0.30729.4148"/g;' extracted.manifest &&
  mt -nologo -manifest extracted.manifest -outputresource:"$res"
  regsvr32 /s "$file" || true
done