Microsoft.AspNet.Identity 的自定义成员资格 - CreateLocalUser 失败

我一直在尝试使用 Visual Studio 2013 在 ASP.NET 4.5 (Microsoft.AspNet.Identity) 中实现新身份功能的自定义版本。经过几个小时的尝试后，我简化了我的代码努力使其无错误地运行。我在下面列出了我的代码。进行本地注册时，会创建数据库表，但 CreateLocalUser 方法失败。我希望有人可以帮助我确定所需的更改。

模型/MembershipModel.cs

using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity;
using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Schema;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

namespace thePulse.web.Models
{
    public class PulseUser : IUser
    {
        public PulseUser() { }
        public PulseUser(string userName) 
        {
            UserName = userName;
        }

        [Key]
        public string Id { get; set; }
        [Required]
        [StringLength(20)]
        public string UserName { get; set; }
        [StringLength(100)]
        public string Email { get; set; }
        [Column(TypeName = "Date")]
        public DateTime? BirthDate { get; set; }
        [StringLength(1)]
        public string Gender { get; set; }
    }

    public class PulseUserClaim : IUserClaim
    {
        public PulseUserClaim() { }

        [Key]
        public string Key { get; set; }
        public string UserId { get; set; }
        public string ClaimType { get; set; }
        public string ClaimValue { get; set; }

    }

    public class PulseUserSecret : IUserSecret
    {
        public PulseUserSecret() { }
        public PulseUserSecret(string userName, string secret)
        {
            UserName = userName;
            Secret = secret;
        }

        [Key]
        public string UserName { get; set; }
        public string Secret { get; set; }

    }

    public class PulseUserLogin : IUserLogin
    {
        public PulseUserLogin() { }
        public PulseUserLogin(string userId, string loginProvider, string providerKey) 
        {
            LoginProvider = LoginProvider;
            ProviderKey = providerKey;
            UserId = userId;
        }

        [Key, Column(Order = 0)]
        public string LoginProvider { get; set; }
        [Key, Column(Order = 1)]
        public string ProviderKey { get; set; }
        public string UserId { get; set; }
    }

    public class PulseRole : IRole
    {
        public PulseRole() { }
        public PulseRole(string roleId)
        {
            Id = roleId;
        }

        [Key]
        public string Id { get; set; }
    }

    public class PulseUserRole : IUserRole
    {
        public PulseUserRole() { }

        [Key, Column(Order = 0)]
        public string RoleId { get; set; }
        [Key, Column(Order = 1)]
        public string UserId { get; set; }
    }

    public class PulseUserContext : IdentityStoreContext
    {
        public PulseUserContext(DbContext db) : base(db)
        {
            Users = new UserStore<PulseUser>(db);
            Logins = new UserLoginStore<PulseUserLogin>(db);
            Roles = new RoleStore<PulseRole, PulseUserRole>(db);
            Secrets = new UserSecretStore<PulseUserSecret>(db);
            UserClaims = new UserClaimStore<PulseUserClaim>(db);
        }
    }

    public class PulseDbContext : IdentityDbContext<PulseUser, PulseUserClaim, PulseUserSecret, PulseUserLogin, PulseRole, PulseUserRole>
    {
    }
}

对 Controllers/AccountController.cs 的更改

public AccountController() 
{

    IdentityStore = new IdentityStoreManager(new PulseUserContext(new PulseDbContext()));
    AuthenticationManager = new IdentityAuthenticationManager(IdentityStore);
}

//
// POST: /Account/Register
[HttpPost]
[AllowAnonymous]
[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
public async Task<ActionResult> Register(RegisterViewModel model)
{
    if (ModelState.IsValid)
    {
        try
        {
            // Create a profile, password, and link the local login before signing in the user
            PulseUser user = new PulseUser(model.UserName);
            if (await IdentityStore.CreateLocalUser(user, model.Password))
            {
                await AuthenticationManager.SignIn(HttpContext, user.Id, isPersistent: false);
                return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
            }
            else
            {
                ModelState.AddModelError("", "Failed to register user name: " + model.UserName);
            }
        }
        catch (IdentityException e)
        {
            ModelState.AddModelError("", e.Message);
        }
    }

    // If we got this far, something failed, redisplay form
    return View(model);
}

正如我上面所说，当 CreateLocalUser 方法失败时，此实现会失败 (Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework)。我不明白为什么。

这里的问题是 IdentityStoreManager 对身份 EF 模型的默认实现有很强的依赖性。例如，CreateLocalUser 方法将创建 UserSecret 和 UserLogin 对象并将它们保存到存储中，如果存储不使用默认模型类型，则该方法将不起作用。因此，如果自定义模型类型，则无法与 IdentityStoreManager 顺利配合。

由于您仅自定义 IUser 模型，因此我简化了代码以从默认身份用户继承自定义用户，并重用身份 EF 模型中的其他模型。

using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity;
using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Schema;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

namespace WebApplication11.Models
{
    public class PulseUser : User
    {
        public PulseUser() { }
        public PulseUser(string userName) : base(userName)
        {
        }

        [StringLength(100)]
        public string Email { get; set; }
        [Column(TypeName = "Date")]
        public DateTime? BirthDate { get; set; }
        [StringLength(1)]
        public string Gender { get; set; }
    }

    public class PulseUserContext : IdentityStoreContext
    {
        public PulseUserContext(DbContext db) : base(db)
        {
            this.Users = new UserStore<PulseUser>(this.DbContext);
        }
    }

    public class PulseDbContext : IdentityDbContext<PulseUser, UserClaim, UserSecret, UserLogin, Role, UserRole>
    {
    }
}

上面的代码应该适用于 Identity API 的预览版本。

即将发布的 IdentityStoreManager API 已经意识到这个问题，并将所有非 EF 依赖代码更改为基类，以便您可以通过继承来自定义它。这里应该可以解决所有问题。谢谢。