有了这个Dockerfile:
FROM fedora:30
ENV LANG C.UTF-8
RUN dnf upgrade -y \
&& dnf install -y \
openssh-clients \
openvpn \
slirp4netns \
&& dnf clean all
CMD ["openvpn", "--config", "/vpn/ovpn.config", "--auth-user-pass", "/vpn/ovpn.auth"]
使用以下方法构建图像：
podman build -t peque/vpn .
如果我尝试运行它（注意$(pwd)，其中存储 VPN 配置和凭据）：
podman run -v $(pwd):/vpn:Z --cap-add=NET_ADMIN --device=/dev/net/tun -it peque/vpn
我收到以下错误：
ERROR: Cannot open TUN/TAP dev /dev/net/tun: Permission denied (errno=13)
关于如何解决这个问题有什么想法吗？如果有帮助的话，我不介意更改基本映像（即：Alpine 或其他任何东西，只要它允许我使用openvpn用于连接）。
系统信息
使用 Podman1.4.4（无根）和带有内核的 Fedora 30 发行版5.1.19.
/dev/net/tun权限
使用以下命令运行容器：
podman run -v $(pwd):/vpn:Z --cap-add=NET_ADMIN --device=/dev/net/tun -it peque/vpn
然后，从容器中，我可以：
# ls -l /dev/ | grep net
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 60 Jul 23 07:31 net
我还可以列出/dev/net，但会收到“权限被拒绝错误”：
# ls -l /dev/net
ls: cannot access '/dev/net/tun': Permission denied
total 0
-????????? ? ? ? ? ? tun
Trying --privileged
如果我尝试用--privileged:
podman run -v $(pwd):/vpn:Z --privileged --cap-add=NET_ADMIN --device=/dev/net/tun -it peque/vpn
然后，我得到的不是权限被拒绝错误 (errno=13)，而是 no-such-file-or-directory 错误 (errno=2)：
ERROR: Cannot open TUN/TAP dev /dev/net/tun: No such file or directory (errno=2)
我可以有效地验证没有/dev/net/使用时的目录--privileged，即使我通过了--cap-add=NET_ADMIN --device=/dev/net/tun参数。
详细日志
这是我在配置客户端时得到的日志verb 3:
OpenVPN 2.4.7 x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu [SSL (OpenSSL)] [LZO] [LZ4] [EPOLL] [PKCS11] [MH/PKTINFO] [AEAD] built on Feb 20 2019
library versions: OpenSSL 1.1.1c FIPS 28 May 2019, LZO 2.08
Outgoing Control Channel Authentication: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication
Incoming Control Channel Authentication: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication
TCP/UDP: Preserving recently used remote address: [AF_INET]xx.xx.xx.xx:1194
Socket Buffers: R=[212992->212992] S=[212992->212992]
UDP link local (bound): [AF_INET][undef]:0
UDP link remote: [AF_INET]xx.xx.xx.xx:1194
TLS: Initial packet from [AF_INET]xx.xx.xx.xx:1194, sid=3ebc16fc 8cb6d6b1
WARNING: this configuration may cache passwords in memory -- use the auth-nocache option to prevent this
VERIFY OK: depth=1, C=ES, ST=XXX, L=XXX, O=XXXXX, [email protected] /cdn-cgi/l/email-protection, CN=internal-ca
VERIFY KU OK
Validating certificate extended key usage
++ Certificate has EKU (str) TLS Web Server Authentication, expects TLS Web Server Authentication
VERIFY EKU OK
VERIFY OK: depth=0, C=ES, ST=XXX, L=XXX, O=XXXXX, [email protected] /cdn-cgi/l/email-protection, CN=ovpn.server.address
Control Channel: TLSv1.2, cipher TLSv1.2 ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384, 2048 bit RSA
[ovpn.server.address] Peer Connection Initiated with [AF_INET]xx.xx.xx.xx:1194
SENT CONTROL [ovpn.server.address]: 'PUSH_REQUEST' (status=1)
PUSH: Received control message: 'PUSH_REPLY,route xx.xx.xx.xx 255.255.255.0,route xx.xx.xx.0 255.255.255.0,dhcp-option DOMAIN server.net,dhcp-option DNS xx.xx.xx.254,dhcp-option DNS xx.xx.xx.1,dhcp-option DNS xx.xx.xx.1,route-gateway xx.xx.xx.1,topology subnet,ping 10,ping-restart 60,ifconfig xx.xx.xx.24 255.255.255.0,peer-id 1'
OPTIONS IMPORT: timers and/or timeouts modified
OPTIONS IMPORT: --ifconfig/up options modified
OPTIONS IMPORT: route options modified
OPTIONS IMPORT: route-related options modified
OPTIONS IMPORT: --ip-win32 and/or --dhcp-option options modified
OPTIONS IMPORT: peer-id set
OPTIONS IMPORT: adjusting link_mtu to 1624
Outgoing Data Channel: Cipher 'AES-128-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key
Outgoing Data Channel: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication
Incoming Data Channel: Cipher 'AES-128-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key
Incoming Data Channel: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication
ROUTE_GATEWAY xx.xx.xx.xx/255.255.255.0 IFACE=tap0 HWADDR=0a:38:ba:e6:4b:5f
ERROR: Cannot open TUN/TAP dev /dev/net/tun: No such file or directory (errno=2)
Exiting due to fatal error
错误号可能会根据我是否运行命令而改变--privileged or not.
