使用 numpy 实现最大/平均池化（带步长）

我想知道如何使用 numpy 实现简单的最大/均值池。我正在读书使用 numpy 进行最大池化和平均池化 https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42463172/how-to-perform-max-mean-pooling-on-a-2d-array-using-numpy，但不幸的是它假设步幅与内核大小相同。有没有一种数字方法可以做到这一点？如果这适用于任何维度，那就太好了，但当然不是必需的。

这是一个纯 numpy 实现，使用跨步技巧 https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.lib.stride_tricks.as_strided.html:

import numpy as np
from numpy.lib.stride_tricks import as_strided


def pool2d(A, kernel_size, stride, padding=0, pool_mode='max'):
   '''
    2D Pooling

    Parameters:
        A: input 2D array
        kernel_size: int, the size of the window over which we take pool
        stride: int, the stride of the window
        padding: int, implicit zero paddings on both sides of the input
        pool_mode: string, 'max' or 'avg'
    '''
    # Padding
    A = np.pad(A, padding, mode='constant')

    # Window view of A
    output_shape = ((A.shape[0] - kernel_size) // stride + 1,
                    (A.shape[1] - kernel_size) // stride + 1)
    
    shape_w = (output_shape[0], output_shape[1], kernel_size, kernel_size)
    strides_w = (stride*A.strides[0], stride*A.strides[1], A.strides[0], A.strides[1])
    
    A_w = as_strided(A, shape_w, strides_w)

    # Return the result of pooling
    if pool_mode == 'max':
        return A_w.max(axis=(2, 3))
    elif pool_mode == 'avg':
        return A_w.mean(axis=(2, 3))

Example:

>>> A = np.array([[1, 1, 2, 4],
                  [5, 6, 7, 8],
                  [3, 2, 1, 0],
                  [1, 2, 3, 4]])

>>> pool2d(A, kernel_size=2, stride=2, padding=0, pool_mode='max')

array([[6, 8],
       [3, 4]])

https://cs231n.github.io/卷积网络/ https://cs231n.github.io/convolutional-networks/