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AutoFixture 无法创建声明（使用 .NET Framework 4.6）

2024-03-16

我刚刚安装了VS2015，同时安装了.NET Framework 4.6，突然AutoFixture 3.30.8无法创建Claim目的。 我猜测新的 .NET Framework 版本 4.6 会导致 AutoFixture 内部出现一些问题。

我在 VS2013 中创建了一个测试项目（针对 .NET Framework 4.5.1），包含以下代码：

using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using Ploeh.AutoFixture;

namespace AutoFixtureTester
{
    [TestClass]
    public class UnitTest1
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void CanCreateClaim()
        {
            var fixture = new Fixture();
            fixture.Behaviors.Add(new OmitOnRecursionBehavior());

            var claim = fixture.Create<System.Security.Claims.Claim>(); // exception here

            Assert.IsNotNull(claim);
        }
    }
}

错误如下：

Ploeh.AutoFixture.ObjectCreationException: AutoFixture was unable to create an instance from System.IO.Stream, most likely because it has no public constructor, is an abstract or non-public type.

Request path:
         System.Security.Claims.Claim --> 
          System.IO.BinaryReader reader --> 
           System.IO.BinaryReader --> 
            System.IO.Stream input --> 
             System.IO.Stream
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.TerminatingWithPathSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.BehaviorRoot.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Fixture.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.SpecimenContext.Resolve(Object request)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.SeedIgnoringRelay.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.AutoPropertiesTarget.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.Postprocessor`1.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.TracingBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.TerminatingWithPathSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.BehaviorRoot.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Fixture.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.SpecimenContext.Resolve(Object request)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.ParameterRequestRelay.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.AutoPropertiesTarget.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.Postprocessor`1.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.TracingBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.TerminatingWithPathSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.BehaviorRoot.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Fixture.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.SpecimenContext.Resolve(Object request)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.MethodInvoker.<>c__DisplayClass2.<Create>b__0(ParameterInfo pi)
   at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
   at System.Collections.Generic.List`1..ctor(IEnumerable`1 collection)
   at System.Linq.Enumerable.ToList[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.MethodInvoker.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.AutoPropertiesTarget.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.Postprocessor`1.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.TracingBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.TerminatingWithPathSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.BehaviorRoot.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Fixture.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.SpecimenContext.Resolve(Object request)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.SeedIgnoringRelay.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.AutoPropertiesTarget.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.Postprocessor`1.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.TracingBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.TerminatingWithPathSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.BehaviorRoot.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Fixture.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.SpecimenContext.Resolve(Object request)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.ParameterRequestRelay.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.AutoPropertiesTarget.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.Postprocessor`1.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.TracingBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.TerminatingWithPathSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.BehaviorRoot.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Fixture.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.SpecimenContext.Resolve(Object request)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.MethodInvoker.<>c__DisplayClass2.<Create>b__0(ParameterInfo pi)
   at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
   at System.Collections.Generic.List`1..ctor(IEnumerable`1 collection)
   at System.Linq.Enumerable.ToList[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.MethodInvoker.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.AutoPropertiesTarget.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.Postprocessor`1.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.TracingBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.TerminatingWithPathSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.BehaviorRoot.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Fixture.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.SpecimenContext.Resolve(Object request)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.SeedIgnoringRelay.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.AutoPropertiesTarget.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.Postprocessor`1.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.TracingBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.TerminatingWithPathSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.BehaviorRoot.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Fixture.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.SpecimenContext.Resolve(Object request)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.SpecimenFactory.Create[T](ISpecimenContext context, T seed)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.SpecimenFactory.Create[T](ISpecimenContext context)
   at Ploeh.AutoFixture.SpecimenFactory.Create[T](ISpecimenBuilder builder)
   at AutoFixtureTester.UnitTest1.CanCreateClaim() in D:\Sandbox\AutoFixtureTester\AutoFixtureTester\UnitTest1.cs:line 16

在安装VS2015之前，这种方式创建Claim用于工作的对象。实际上，我将此解决方案发送给了只安装了 VS2013 的同事，它对他有效。

我注意到 F12-导航到Claim代码显示来自 4.5.1 DLL 的元数据。 VS2015 安装程序搞砸 4.5.1 DLL 是否存在问题？或者这可能是安装 4.6 时发现的 AutoFixture 中的一个错误？

我比较了 DotPeek 的输出System.Security.Claims.Claim从我的机器和我同事的机器上。他的节目：

// Assembly location: C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5.1\mscorlib.dll

我的显示：

// Assembly location: C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\mscorlib.dll

他的 5 名构造函数要么strings or ClaimsIdentity.
我的有 7 个构造函数，其中包括 2 个新的，如下所示：

public Claim(BinaryReader reader) { ... }

and

public Claim(BinaryReader reader, ClaimsIdentity subject) { ... }

我想这种情况的解决方法是以某种方式强制 AutoFixture 使用特定的构造函数。但令我感到紧张的是，这一突破性的改变已经溜进了微软的网。还有其他类似的改变吗？


作为让 AutoFixture 像以前一样工作的解决方法，我定制了它创建一个Claim选择参数最多的构造函数。

fixture.Customize<System.Security.Claims.Claim>(
    c => c.FromFactory(new MethodInvoker(new GreedyConstructorQuery())));

出现此问题的原因似乎是安装 4.6 影响了 4.5.1 DLL。Claim现在有 7 个构造函数，其中 2 个新构造函数采用BinaryReader论证取决于Stream不能由 AutoFixture 构建。幸运的是，AutoFixture 很好并且可配置:)

正如上面提到的，这一突破性的改变已经溜进了微软的网，这确实让我感到紧张。我还担心，如果他们决定将来在 Framework 4.7 中添加另一个构造函数，采用 20 个参数，其中包括BinaryReader，然后我们将再次沿小溪而上。

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c

visualstudio2015

autofixture

net46

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