如何“chartr”“-”（或转义范围）？

在 R 中可以使用chartr将字符从一种更改为另一种，例如：

chartr("aor","u ^","Stackoverflow")
[1] "Stuck ve^fl w"

模式可以是范围（例如chartr("a-hwo","0-9","Stackoverflow")），但长度需要匹配。

但如何更换"-"?

> chartr("ab-;","1234","aaa bbb ccc --- ;")
Error in chartr("ab-;", "1234", "aaa bbb ccc --- ;") : 
  decreasing range specification ('b-;')

> chartr(";-ab","4312","aaa bbb ccc --- ;")
Error in chartr(";-ab", "4312", "aaa bbb ccc --- ;") : 
  'old' is longer than 'new'

> chartr("ab\-;","1234","aaa bbb ccc --- ;")
Error: '\-' is an unrecognized escape in character string starting ""ab\-"

> chartr("ab--;","1234","aaa bbb ccc --- ;")
Error in chartr("ab--;", "1234", "aaa bbb ccc --- ;") : 
  decreasing range specification ('b--')

我找到了一种解决方法 - 将 char 放在开头或结尾：

> chartr("ab;-","1243","aaa bbb ccc --- ;")
[1] "111 222 ccc 333 4"

但我用它来随机替换字符，所以在我的模式中"-"可以在任何地方：

chartr(
    old = "-!\"#$%&'()*+,./:;<=>?@[\\]^_`{|}~ "
    ,new = "-!\"#$%&'()*+,./:;<=>?@[\\]^_`{|}~ " %>% strsplit("") %>% .[[1]] %>% sample %>% paste(collapse="")
    , x = "x@&*#--s"
) # this randomly is ok or throw error (about length or decreasing range)

有没有办法关闭范围/转义范围字符/等？

的 unicode 代码点-低于 a，因此错误说明

递减范围规范 ('b--')

所以你需要先放置它a如果使用范围

没有范围：

chartr("-;ab","1234","aaa bbb ccc --- ;")
# [1] "333 444 ccc 111 2"

您随后可以使用-表示一个范围（保持新旧的长度匹配）

`chartr("-a-c;","12b34","aaa bbb ccc --- ;")
# [1] "222 bbb 333 111 4"