如何在 Rails 6 或 Rails 7 alpha 引擎中使用 jqueryUI

如果有人能够展示在 Rails 6 或 Rails 7 Alpha 2 引擎中使用 jquery ui 所需的确切步骤，我将不胜感激。 我无法让 importmap-rails 在 Rails 7 引擎中工作，也无法让 webpacker 在 Rails 6 引擎或 Rails 7 alpha 2 引擎中工作。 给定一个名为 custom_page 的引擎，使用生成

rails plugin new custom_page --mountable --full

我将 jquery-ui-rails 作为依赖项包含在 gemspec 中。

spec.add_dependency 'jquery-ui-rails'

也许这应该是一个runtime_dependency？ 完整的依赖项列表是

  spec.add_dependency "rails", "~> 7.0.0.alpha2"

  spec.add_dependency 'new_ckeditor'

  spec.add_dependency 'ancestry'
  spec.add_dependency 'friendly_id', '>= 5.4.0'
  spec.add_dependency 'pg_search'

  spec.add_dependency 'carrierwave', '~> 2.0'
  spec.add_dependency 'carrierwave-imageoptimizer'
  spec.add_dependency 'sassc-rails', '~> 2.0.0'
  spec.add_dependency 'pg', '~> 1.1'
  spec.add_dependency 'jquery-rails'
  spec.add_dependency 'jquery-ui-rails'

  spec.add_development_dependency "puma"

  #Testing Gems
  spec.add_development_dependency "rspec-rails", '>= 5.0'
  spec.add_development_dependency "factory_bot_rails"
  spec.add_development_dependency "guard-rspec"

  spec.add_development_dependency 'capybara', '>= 3.32'
  spec.add_development_dependency 'selenium-webdriver'
  spec.add_development_dependency 'launchy'
  spec.add_development_dependency 'database_cleaner-active_record'

我在engine.rb中也需要同样的东西

require 'jquery-ui-rails'
require 'friendly_id'
require 'ancestry'

    module CustomPage
      class Engine < ::Rails::Engine
        isolate_namespace CustomPage
    
        config.generators do |g|
          g.test_framework :rspec,
            fixtures: false,
            request: false,
            view_specs: false,
            helper_specs: false,
            controller_specs: false,
            routing_specs: false
          g.fixture_replacement :factory_bot
          g.factory_bot dir: 'spec/factories'
        end
      end
    end

我在视图中添加了一个简单的测试

<p id="notice"><%= notice %></p>

<script type='text/javascript'>
  $(function() {
    $('.datepicker').datepicker();
  });
</script>

我已将要求包含在app/assets/stylesheets/custom_page/application.css

/*
 * This is a manifest file that'll be compiled into application.css, which will include all the files
 * listed below.
 *
 * Any CSS and SCSS file within this directory, lib/assets/stylesheets, vendor/assets/stylesheets,
 * or any plugin's vendor/assets/stylesheets directory can be referenced here using a relative path.
 *
 * You're free to add application-wide styles to this file and they'll appear at the bottom of the
 * compiled file so the styles you add here take precedence over styles defined in any other CSS/SCSS
 * files in this directory. Styles in this file should be added after the last require_* statement.
 * It is generally better to create a new file per style scope.
 *
 *= require_tree .
 *= require_self
 */
 /*
  *= require jquery-ui
 */

也在 app/assets/config/custom_page_manifest.js 中

//= link_directory ../stylesheets/custom_page .css
//= require jquery-ui

在 Firefox 中检查浏览器控制台时出现错误，显示

Uncaught ReferenceError: $ is not defined

我显然在这里展示了 Rails 7 alpha 2 示例，但是使用 Rails 6.1.4 也会出现同样的问题

本练习的目的是让我能够使用 jquery 库 jqtree，如果我能够使用 importmap-rails，那么设置起来会很简单，但是，根据我未解决的、尚未得到解答的问题here https://stackoverflow.com/questions/69635552/includemap-rails-in-rails-7-alpha-2-is-this-possible，我无能为力。

所以我真的问如何在 Rails 6.1.4 引擎或 Rails 7 alpha 2 库中使用 jquery 库

这并不像我想象的那么简单。首先，jquery-ui-rails and jquery-rails看起来已经过时了。我认为你不应该使用这些宝石。我们可以使用导入映射，因为我们已经设置它 https://stackoverflow.com/questions/69635552/how-to-set-up-importmap-rails-in-rails-7-engine已经为发动机了。但用途并不限于发动机。

# config/importmap.rb

# NOTE: pin jquery to jsdelivr. this will make jquery global on import;
#       jspm wraps packages in a module [1], so jquery is not available globally.
pin "jquery", to: "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected] /cdn-cgi/l/email-protection/dist/jquery.js"

# NOTE: a few answers suggested `jquery-ui-dist`. I couldn't add it with 
#       `bin/importmap`; use https://generator.jspm.io/ to get the url.
pin "jquery-ui-dist", to: "https://ga.jspm.io/npm:[email protected] /cdn-cgi/l/email-protection/jquery-ui.js"

# works fine
pin "jqtree", to: "https://ga.jspm.io/npm:[email protected] /cdn-cgi/l/email-protection/lib/tree.jquery.js"

# [1] someone, please, link to/explain what jspm does exactly to cause this.

// app/javascript/application.js

import "jquery";
import "jquery-ui-dist";
import "jqtree";

console.log(window.$);   // jQuery is already global
console.log($.ui);       // jquery-ui initialized on import
console.log($().tree);   // jqtree also initialized

如果您出于某种原因想坚持使用 jspm，dynamicimport()可用于加载 jquery 插件。

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/import#dynamic_imports https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/import#dynamic_imports

# config/importmap.rb

pin "jquery", to: "https://ga.jspm.io/npm:[email protected] /cdn-cgi/l/email-protection/dist/jquery.js"
pin "jquery-ui-dist", to: "https://ga.jspm.io/npm:[email protected] /cdn-cgi/l/email-protection/jquery-ui.js"
pin "jqtree", to: "https://ga.jspm.io/npm:[email protected] /cdn-cgi/l/email-protection/lib/tree.jquery.js"

// app/javascript/application.js

import jQuery from "jquery";

// NOTE: keep in mind, these will be lazily loaded; use first method if this 
//       doesn't work in your set up.
import("jquery-ui-dist");
import("jqtree");

console.log(window.$);      // undefined
console.log(window.jQuery); // undefined
console.log(jQuery().ui);   // undefined
console.log(jQuery().tree); // undefined

// NOTE: make jquery global
window.$ = window.jQuery = jQuery;

对于导轨 6 设置jquery-ui-rails and jquery-rails宝石。确保您也需要 jquery。不要碰清单.js，你不是预编译jquery，而是预编译应用程序。{css，js}其中已经包含 jquery。你必须添加require to 应用程序.js以及。

https://github.com/rails/jquery-rails#installation https://github.com/rails/jquery-rails#installation

https://github.com/jquery-ui-rails/jquery-ui-rails#require-everything https://github.com/jquery-ui-rails/jquery-ui-rails#require-everything

// app/assets/javascripts/application.js

//= require jquery
//= require jquery-ui

/* app/assets/stylesheets/application.css */

/*= require jquery-ui */