在 R 中每小时获取在线数据

我想获取天文台每小时更新预报的数据。

我的一次性数据提取代码如下。

library(RCurl)
web <- getURL("http://www.hko.gov.hk/contente.htm")
web <- unlist(strsplit(web, "\r\n"))
head(web)

temp <- unlist(strsplit(web[1245], "</span>"))
MINtemp <- vector()
MAXtemp <- vector()
for (i in 1:9){
    mintemp <- substr(temp[2*i-1], 
              nchar(temp[2*i-1])-1, 
              nchar(temp[2*i-1]))
    mintemp <- as.numeric(mintemp)
    MINtemp <- append(MINtemp, mintemp)

    maxtemp <- substr(temp[2*i], 
              nchar(temp[2*i])-1, 
              nchar(temp[2*i]))
    maxtemp <- as.numeric(maxtemp)
    MAXtemp <- append(MAXtemp, maxtemp)
}

status <- strsplit(
             substring(web[1242],12),
        "</a></td><td align")
status <- substring(unlist(status), 178)
weather <- vector()
for (i in 1:9){
    status[i] <- unlist(strsplit(status[i], "width"))[1]
    weather <- append(weather, 
                substr(status[i], 
                     1,
                     nchar(status[i])-3
                     )
                )
}

RH <- unlist(strsplit(web[1248], "</span>"))
MINRH <- vector()
MAXRH <- vector()
for (i in 1:9){
    minRH <- substr(RH[2*i-1], 
              nchar(RH[2*i-1])-1, 
              nchar(RH[2*i-1]))
    minRH <- as.numeric(minRH)
    MINRH <- append(MINRH, minRH)

    maxRH <- substr(RH[2*i], 
              nchar(RH[2*i])-1, 
              nchar(RH[2*i]))
    maxRH <- as.numeric(maxRH)
    MAXRH <- append(MAXRH, maxRH)
}

forecast <- paste("+", 1:9, "day(s)", sep=" ")
current <- as.character(rep(Sys.time(),9))
DATA <- data.frame(cbind(current,forecast,MINtemp, MAXtemp, MINRH, MAXRH, weather))
DATA

我得到的数据是

> DATA

                  current   forecast MINtemp MAXtemp MINRH MAXRH                                                                          weather
    1 2014-05-04 08:37:55 + 1 day(s)      21      25    80    95 Cloudy with a few showers and thunderstorms. Showers will be more frequent later
    2 2014-05-04 08:37:55 + 2 day(s)      22      25    75    90                        Cloudy with showers. A few squally thunderstorms at first
    3 2014-05-04 08:37:55 + 3 day(s)      21      24    75    95                                                        Cloudy with a few showers
    4 2014-05-04 08:37:55 + 4 day(s)      22      25    80    95                                                        Cloudy with a few showers
    5 2014-05-04 08:37:55 + 5 day(s)      23      26    80    95                              Cloudy with showers and a few squally thunderstorms
    6 2014-05-04 08:37:55 + 6 day(s)      23      26    80    95   Cloudy with showers. Showers will be heavy at times with squally thunderstorms
    7 2014-05-04 08:37:55 + 7 day(s)      22      25    80    95                                    Cloudy with showers and squally thunderstorms
    8 2014-05-04 08:37:55 + 8 day(s)      22      25    70    95                                                 Mainly cloudy with a few showers
    9 2014-05-04 08:37:55 + 9 day(s)      22      26    70    90                                                                    Mainly cloudy

我希望 R 脚本每小时运行一次。然后使用rbind(DATA, data)来积累数据集。我使用 CMD R BATCH 搜索类似的主题。虽然我可以在 R 中做到这一点，比如使用Sys.sleep() and while(substr(Sys.time(), 15,16)=="00")?

我搜索过类似的任务安排这个链接 https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2793389/automating-r-script

我在目录中找到了 Rscript.exeC:\Program Files\R\R-3.0.2\bin\Rscript.exe

我将我的 Rscipt 保存在D:\mydocument\test.r虽然我仍然不清楚如何完成任务。

你可能可以使用Sys.sleep() but it 闻起来像糟糕的代码 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_smell.

相反，设置一个cron job https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cron每小时更新一次代码。那么你的脚本就很简单，而且更健壮。