C++ 绘图包 [关闭]

我有一个关于 c++ 绘图包的问题。过去几年我一直在使用 python 和 matplotlib，现在我使用 c++，我想找到类似于 matplotlib 的东西（http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/gallery.html http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/gallery.html）如 2d、3d 图、直方图等。我只是想知道你的推荐。

提问者可能已经得到答案了。然而，这个答案可能对像我这样从 MATLAB（或其他一些成熟的科学编程工具）转向 C++（一种原始编程语言）的人有用。

在 C++ 中绘图是一项有点棘手的工作，因为任何 C++ IDE 中都没有可用的默认绘图库。然而，有许多在线库可以使 C++ 中的绘图成为可能。上面的答案中已经提到了一些绘图工具，例如 Gnuplot、PPlot 等，但是我已经一一列出了相关示例，

1. Koolplot http://www.codecutter.net/tools/koolplot/byExample.html一个简单、优雅且易于使用的 2D 绘图工具，但可能不足以满足您的要求。摘录自的示例website http://www.codecutter.net/tools/koolplot/koolplot_doc/index.html如下所示，您可以找到更多示例以及与C++ IDE链接的过程here http://www.codecutter.net/tools/koolplot/byExample.html.

   #include "koolplot.h"
   int main()
   {
      plotdata x(-6.0, 6.0);    
      plotdata y = sin(x) + x/5;
      plot(x, y);
      return 0;
   }
   

2. GNUPlot http://www.gnuplot.info/，是一个非常强大的开源绘图工具，借助一个名为Gnuplot-iostream 接口 http://stahlke.org/dan/gnuplot-iostream/，从 C++ 调用 gnuplot 命令是非常简单的过程。如果有人已经有 gnuplot 绘图经验并且必须使用 C++ 进行编程，那么这个接口非常有用。或者，如果您想创建自己的界面，请参阅中提供的信息here https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UcYankkrIpw将会非常有用。链接这个接口的过程非常简单，只需在你的系统中安装gnuplot，然后将gnuplot的include目录和lib目录链接到C++ IDE，然后就可以开始了。给出了如何使用 gnuplot-iostream 接口从 C++ 使用 Gnuplot 的示例here http://stahlke.org/dan/gnuplot-iostream/，下面发布了示例示例的摘录。

   #include <vector>
   #include <cmath>
   #include <boost/tuple/tuple.hpp>
   #include "gnuplot-iostream.h"
   int main() {
       Gnuplot gp;
       std::vector<boost::tuple<double, double, double, double> > pts_A;
       std::vector<double> pts_B_x;
       std::vector<double> pts_B_y;
       std::vector<double> pts_B_dx;
       std::vector<double> pts_B_dy;
       for(double alpha=0; alpha<1; alpha+=1.0/24.0) {
           double theta = alpha*2.0*3.14159;
           pts_A.push_back(boost::make_tuple(
                cos(theta),
                sin(theta),
               -cos(theta)*0.1,
               -sin(theta)*0.1
           ));
   
           pts_B_x .push_back( cos(theta)*0.8);
           pts_B_y .push_back( sin(theta)*0.8);
           pts_B_dx.push_back( sin(theta)*0.1);
           pts_B_dy.push_back(-cos(theta)*0.1);
       }
       gp << "set xrange [-2:2]\nset yrange [-2:2]\n";
       gp << "plot '-' with vectors title 'pts_A', '-' with vectors title 'pts_B'\n";
       gp.send1d(pts_A);
       gp.send1d(boost::make_tuple(pts_B_x, pts_B_y, pts_B_dx, pts_B_dy));
   } // very simple tool right???
   

3. MATLAB https://in.mathworks.com/help/matlab/cpp-mex-file-applications.html (Yes, I am not kidding MATLAB can be called from C++) If you are familiar with MATLAB, you can get the same functionality in C++ by calling, functions/toolboxes from MATLAB and vice versa. Since MATLAB is commercial software, first you have to acquire license (this is very costly). If you have an installed MATLAB software, then use the engine.h file and link the necessary MATLAB library files to C++ IDE, then the process is outright simple. A detailed step-by-step process of linking matlab to visual studio c++ is provided here https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16258815/call-a-matlab-code-from-visual-studio-c and here https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5pz1fpDE0nw. An example code is given here, an excerpt of an example is given below (source https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Hazim_Tahir/post/How_can_I_convert_MATLAB_code_to_c_c_code/attachment/59d64455c49f478072eacce0/AS%3A273746584113162%401442277679173/download/cmex.pdf)

   #include <stdlib.h>
   #include <stdio.h>
   #include <string.h>
   #include "engine.h"
   #define  BUFSIZE 256
   
   int main()
   
   {
       Engine *ep;
       mxArray *T = NULL, *result = NULL;
       char buffer[BUFSIZE+1];
       double time[10] = { 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0 };
       if (!(ep = engOpen(""))) {
           fprintf(stderr, "\nCan't start MATLAB engine\n");
           return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
       T = mxCreateDoubleMatrix(1, 10, mxREAL);
       memcpy((void *)mxGetPr(T), (void *)time, sizeof(time));
       engPutVariable(ep, "T", T);
       engEvalString(ep, "D = .5.*(-9.8).*T.^2;");
       engEvalString(ep, "plot(T,D);");
       engEvalString(ep, "title('Position vs. Time for a falling object');");
       engEvalString(ep, "xlabel('Time (seconds)');");
       engEvalString(ep, "ylabel('Position (meters)');");
   
       printf("Hit return to continue\n\n");
       fgetc(stdin);
   
       printf("Done for Part I.\n");
       mxDestroyArray(T);
       engEvalString(ep, "close;");
   
       buffer[BUFSIZE] = '\0';
       engOutputBuffer(ep, buffer, BUFSIZE);
       while (result == NULL) {
           char str[BUFSIZE+1];
           printf("Enter a MATLAB command to evaluate.  This command should\n");
           printf("create a variable X.  This program will then determine\n");
           printf("what kind of variable you created.\n");
           printf("For example: X = 1:5\n");
           printf(">> ");
   
           fgets(str, BUFSIZE, stdin);
           engEvalString(ep, str);
           printf("%s", buffer);
           printf("\nRetrieving X...\n");
           if ((result = engGetVariable(ep,"X")) == NULL)
             printf("Oops! You didn't create a variable X.\n\n");
           else {
           printf("X is class %s\t\n", mxGetClassName(result));
           }
       }
       printf("Done!\n");
       mxDestroyArray(result);
       engClose(ep);
   
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
   }
   

4. Python https://www.python.org/，人们喜欢提问者（熟悉Python中的matplotlib工具）。有一个非常优雅的接口可以从 C++ 调用 python。一个简单的例子可能如下所示（source https://github.com/lava/matplotlib-cpp/blob/master/README.md）和matlabplotcpp.h可用here https://github.com/lava/matplotlib-cpp.

   #include "matplotlibcpp.h"
   namespace plt = matplotlibcpp;
   int main() {
       plt::plot({1,3,2,4});
       plt::show();
   }
   

   希望这些信息可能有用......

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