我必须制作一个 64 位 ALU，它接受 A 和 B 64 位输入、进位输入输入并输出 64 位结果以及 1 位进位输出。还有一个 5 位功能选择 FS。其中 FS[0] 控制 B 是否反转（使用 2to1 多路复用器）。F[1] 对 A 执行相同操作。FS[4:2] 确定哪个操作（加法、减法、逻辑运算等）使用 8to1 Mux。下面是 ALU 和 Testbench 的代码。
我非常确定我的测试平台很好，ALU 的所有单独组件也很好。我对实例化和连接所有输入/输出的顶层不太有信心。波形中出现高阻抗的原因是什么？
module ALU(A, B, FS, cin, cout, result);
input [63:0] A, B;
input [4:0] FS;
input cin;
output cout;
output [63:0] result;
eight_one_mux u7 (firstoutA & secoutB, firstoutA | secoutB, sum, firstoutA ^ secoutB,
left, right, 1'b0, 1'b0, FS[4:2], result);
adder u6 (firstoutA, secoutB, cin, sum, cout);
firstmux u1 (A, !A, FS[1], firstoutA);
secmux u2 (B, !B, FS[0], secoutB);
Alu_shifter u5 (A, left, right);
endmodule
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------//
//These are the two muxes to split into input and inverted input A,B
module firstmux(a, nota, firstS, firstoutA);
input [63:0] a, nota;
input firstS;
output reg [63:0] firstoutA;
always @(a or nota or firstS)
begin
case(firstS)
0 : firstoutA = a;
1 : firstoutA = nota;
default : firstoutA = 1'bx;
endcase
end
endmodule
//<><><><><><><>//
module secmux(b, notb, secS, secoutB);
input [63:0] b, notb;
input secS;
output reg [63:0] secoutB;
always @(b or notb or secS)
begin
case(secS)
0 : secoutB = b;
1 : secoutB = notb;
default : secoutB = 1'bx;
endcase
end
endmodule
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------//
//This is the Shifter Blocks
module Alu_shifter (shiftA, right, left); //This shifter block shifts the A input once right or left
input [63:0] shiftA;
output [63:0] right;
output [63:0] left;
shift_right w1 ( //instantiate right shifter block
.a_R(shiftA),
.R(right)
);
shift_left w2 ( //instantiate left shifter block
.a_L(shiftA),
.L(left)
);
endmodule
////////><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><///////
module shift_right (a_R, R); // right shifter block
input [63:0] a_R;
output [63:0] R;
assign R = a_R >> 1; //shift A right once (shift in a 0)
endmodule
module shift_left (a_L, L); //left shifter block
input [63:0] a_L;
output [63:0] L;
assign L = a_L << 1; //shift A left once (shift in a 0)
endmodule
//End shifter blocks (3 total modules)
//----------------------------------------------------//////////////////////
//This is the Adder that Adds A, B and cin
module adder(addA, addB, nic, sum, cout);
input [63:0] addA, addB;
input nic;
output [63:0] sum;
output cout;
assign {cout, sum} = addA + addB + nic;
endmodule
//----------------------------------------------------//////////////////////
//This is the 8to1 Mux that decides which operation is put forward
module eight_one_mux(D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7, S, out);
input [63:0] D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7;
input [2:0] S;
output reg [63:0] out;
always @(D0 or D1 or D2 or D3 or D4 or D5 or D6 or D7 or S)
begin
case(S)
0 : out = D0; //And
1 : out = D1; //Or
2 : out = D2; //Adder
3 : out = D3; //xor
4 : out = D4; //lefter
5 : out = D5; //righter
6 : out = D6; //GND
7 : out = D7; //GND
default : out = 1'bx;
endcase
end
endmodule
////////////-------------------------------////////////////////////////////
module ALU_tb();
reg [63:0] A, B;
reg [4:0] FS;
reg cin;
wire cout;
wire [63:0] result;
ALU dut (
.A(A),
.B(B),
.FS(FS),
.cin(cin),
.cout(cout),
.result(result)
);
initial begin
A = 8'b11001100;
B = 8'b11001101;
FS = 5'b01101;
cin = 1;
end
always
#5 cin <= ~cin;
always begin
#5
A <= A + 1;
B <= B + 2;
#5;
end
initial begin
#100 $finish;
end
endmodule
```
