html  特殊字符(转)

2023-05-16

有些字符在HTML里有特别的含义，比如小于号<就表示HTML Tag的开始，这个小于号是不显示在我们最终看到的网页里的。那如果我们希望在网页中显示一个小于号，该怎么办呢？

这就要说到HTML字符实体(HTML Character Entities)了。

一个字符实体(Character Entity)分成三部分：第一部分是一个&符号，英文叫ampersand；第二部分是实体(Entity)名字或者是#加上实体(Entity)编号；第三部分是一个分号。

比如，要显示小于号，就可以写<或者<。

用实体(Entity)名字的好处是比较好理解，一看lt，大概就猜出是less than的意思，但是其劣势在于并不是所有的浏览器都支持最新的Entity名字。而实体(Entity)编号，各种浏览器都能处理。

注意：Entity是区分大小写的。

如何显示空格

通常情况下，HTML会自动截去多余的空格。不管你加多少空格，都被看做一个空格。比如你在两个字之间加了10个空格，HTML会截去9个空格，只保留一个。为了在网页中增加空格，你可以使用 表示空格。

最常用的字符实体(Character Entities)

显示结果	说明	Entity Name	Entity Number
	显示一个空格
<	小于	<	<
>	大于	>	>
&	&符号	&	&
"	双引号	"	"

其他常用的字符实体(Character Entities)

显示结果	说明	Entity Name	Entity Number
?	版权	©	©
?	注册商标	®	®
×	乘号	×	×
÷	除号	÷	÷

ISO Latin-1字符集:

字符	十进制字符编号	实体名字	说明
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	制表符Horizontal tab
---		---	换行Line feed
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	回车Carriage Return
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
		---	Space
!	!	---	惊叹号Exclamation mark
"	"	"	双引号Quotation mark
#	#	---	数字标志Number sign
$	$	---	美元标志Dollar sign
%	%	---	百分号Percent sign
&	&	&	Ampersand
"	'	---	单引号Apostrophe
(	(	---	小括号左边部分Left parenthesis
)	)	---	小括号右边部分Right parenthesis
*	*	---	星号Asterisk
+	+	---	加号Plus sign
,	,	---	逗号Comma
-	-	---	连字号Hyphen
.	.	---	句号Period (fullstop)
/	/	---	斜杠Solidus (slash)
0	0	---	数字0 Digit 0
1	1	---	数字1 Digit 1
2	2	---	数字2 Digit 2
3	3	---	数字3 Digit 3
4	4	---	数字4 Digit 4
5	5	---	数字5 Digit 5
6	6	---	数字6 Digit 6
7	7	---	数字7 Digit 7
8	8	---	数字8 Digit 8
9	9	---	数字9 Digit 9
:	:	---	冒号Colon
;	;	---	分号Semicolon
<	<	<	小于号Less than
=	=	---	等于符号Equals sign
>	>	>	大于号Greater than
?	?	---	问号Question mark
@	@	---	Commercial at
A	A	---	大写A Capital A
B	B	---	大写B Capital B
C	C	---	大写C Capital C
D	D	---	大写D Capital D
E	E	---	大写E Capital E
F	F	---	大写F Capital F
G	G	---	大写G Capital G
H	H	---	大写H Capital H
I	I	---	大写J Capital I
J	J	---	大写K Capital J
K	K	---	大写L Capital K
L	L	---	大写K Capital L
M	M	---	大写M Capital M
N	N	---	大写N Capital N
O	O	---	大写O Capital O
P	P	---	大写P Capital P
Q	Q	---	大写Q Capital Q
R	R	---	大写R Capital R
S	S	---	大写S Capital S
T	T	---	大写T Capital T
U	U	---	大写U Capital U
V	V	---	大写V Capital V
W	W	---	大写W Capital W
X	X	---	大写X Capital X
Y	Y	---	大写Y Capital Y
Z	Z	---	大写Z Capital Z
[	[	---	中括号左边部分Left square bracket
\	\	---	反斜杠Reverse solidus (backslash)
]	]	---	中括号右边部分Right square bracket
^	^	---	Caret
_	_	---	下划线Horizontal bar (underscore)
`	`	---	尖重音符Acute accent
a	a	---	小写a Small a
b	b	---	小写b Small b
c	c	---	小写c Small c
d	d	---	小写d Small d
e	e	---	小写e Small e
f	f	---	小写f Small f
g	g	---	小写g Small g
h	h	---	小写h Small h
i	i	---	小写i Small i
j	j	---	小写j Small j
k	k	---	小写k Small k
l	l	---	小写l Small l
m	m	---	小写m Small m
n	n	---	小写n Small n
o	o	---	小写o Small o
p	p	---	小写p Small p
q	q	---	小写q Small q
r	r	---	小写r Small r
s	s	---	小写s Small s
t	t	---	小写t Small t
u	u	---	小写u Small u
v	v	---	小写v Small v
w	w	---	小写w Small w
x	x	---	小写x Small x
y	y	---	小写y Small y
z	z	---	小写z Small z
｛	{	---	大括号左边部分Left curly brace
\|	\|	---	竖线Vertical bar
｝	}	---	大括号右边部分Right curly brace
~	~	---	Tilde
---		---	未使用Unused
			空格Nonbreaking space
?	¡	¡	Inverted exclamation
￠	¢	¢	货币分标志Cent sign
￡	£	£	英镑标志Pound sterling
¤	¤	¤	通用货币标志General currency sign
￥	¥	¥	日元标志Yen sign
\|	¦	¦ or &brkbar;	断竖线Broken vertical bar
§	§	§	分节号Section sign
¨	¨	¨ or &die;	变音符号Umlaut
?	©	©	版权标志Copyright
a	ª	ª	Feminine ordinal
?	«	«	Left angle quote, guillemet left
?	¬	&not	Not sign
			Soft hyphen
?	®	®	注册商标标志Registered trademark
ˉ	¯	¯ or &hibar;	长音符号Macron accent
°	°	°	度数标志Degree sign
±	±	±	加或减Plus or minus
2	²	²	上标2 Superscript two
3	³	³	上标3 Superscript three
′	´	´	尖重音符Acute accent
μ	µ	µ	Micro sign
?	¶	¶	Paragraph sign
·	·	·	Middle dot
?	¸	¸	Cedilla
1	¹	¹	上标1 Superscript one
o	º	º	Masculine ordinal
?	»	»	Right angle quote, guillemet right
?	¼	¼	四分之一Fraction one-fourth
?	½	½	二分之一Fraction one-half
?	¾	¾	四分之三Fraction three-fourths
?	¿	¿	Inverted question mark
à	À	À	Capital A, grave accent
á	Á	Á	Capital A, acute accent
?	Â	Â	Capital A, circumflex
?	Ã	Ã	Capital A, tilde
?	Ä	Ä	Capital A, di?esis / umlaut
?	Å	Å	Capital A, ring
?	Æ	Æ	Capital AE ligature
?	Ç	Ç	Capital C, cedilla
è	È	È	Capital E, grave accent
é	É	É	Capital E, acute accent
ê	Ê	Ê	Capital E, circumflex
?	Ë	Ë	Capital E, di?esis / umlaut
ì	Ì	Ì	Capital I, grave accent
í	Í	Í	Capital I, acute accent
?	Î	Î	Capital I, circumflex
?	Ï	Ï	Capital I, di?esis / umlaut
D	Ð	Ð	Capital Eth, Icelandic
?	Ñ	Ñ	Capital N, tilde
ò	Ò	Ò	Capital O, grave accent
ó	Ó	Ó	Capital O, acute accent
?	Ô	Ô	Capital O, circumflex
?	Õ	Õ	Capital O, tilde
?	Ö	Ö	Capital O, di?esis / umlaut
×	×	×	乘号Multiply sign
?	Ø	Ø	Capital O, slash
ù	Ù	Ù	Capital U, grave accent
ú	Ú	Ú	Capital U, acute accent
?	Û	Û	Capital U, circumflex
ü	Ü	Ü	Capital U, di?esis / umlaut
Y	Ý	Ý	Capital Y, acute accent
T	Þ	Þ	Capital Thorn, Icelandic
?	ß	ß	Small sharp s, German sz
à	à	à	Small a, grave accent
á	á	á	Small a, acute accent
a	â	â	Small a, circumflex
?	ã	ã	Small a, tilde
?	ä	ä	Small a, di?esis / umlaut
?	å	å	Small a, ring
?	æ	æ	Small ae ligature
?	ç	ç	Small c, cedilla
è	è	è	Small e, grave accent
é	é	é	Small e, acute accent
ê	ê	ê	Small e, circumflex
?	ë	ë	Small e, di?esis / umlaut
ì	ì	ì	Small i, grave accent
í	í	í	Small i, acute accent
?	î	î	Small i, circumflex
?	ï	ï	Small i, di?esis / umlaut
e	ð	ð	Small eth, Icelandic
?	ñ	ñ	Small n, tilde
ò	ò	ò	Small o, grave accent
ó	ó	ó	Small o, acute accent
?	ô	ô	Small o, circumflex
?	õ	õ	Small o, tilde
?	ö	ö	Small o, di?esis / umlaut
÷	÷	÷	除号Division sign
?	ø	ø	Small o, slash
ù	ù	ù	Small u, grave accent
ú	ú	ú	Small u, acute accent
?	û	û	Small u, circumflex
ü	ü	ü	Small u, di?esis / umlaut
y	ý	ý	Small y, acute accent
t	þ	þ	Small thorn, Icelandic
?	ÿ	ÿ	Small y, umlaut

symbols, mathematical symbols, and Greek letters

?	&fnof;	Α	Α	Β	Β	Γ	Γ	Δ	Δ
Ε	Ε	Ζ	Ζ	Η	Η	Θ	Θ	Ι	Ι
Κ	Κ	Λ	Λ	Μ	Μ	Ν	Ν	Ξ	Ξ
Ο	Ο	Π	Π	Ρ	Ρ	Σ	Σ	Τ	Τ
Υ	Υ	Φ	Φ	Χ	Χ	Ψ	Ψ	Ω	Ω
α	α	β	β	γ	γ	δ	δ	ε	ε
ζ	ζ	η	η	θ	θ	ι	ι	κ	κ
λ	λ	μ	μ	ν	ν	ξ	ξ	ο	ο
π	π	ρ	ρ	?	&sigmaf;	σ	σ	τ	τ
υ	υ	φ	φ	χ	χ	ψ	ψ	ω	ω
?	&thetasym;	?	&upsih;	?	ϖ	?	•	…	…
′	′	″	″	￣	&oline;	?	&frasl;	?	&weierp;
?	&image;	?	&real;	?	™	?	&alefsym;	←	←
↑	↑	→	→	↓	↓	?	↔	?	&crarr;
?	⇐	?	&uArr;	?	⇒	?	&dArr;	?	⇔
?	∀	?	∂	?	∃	?	∅	?	∇
∈	∈	?	∉	?	&ni;	∏	∏	∑	∑
?	−	?	&lowast;	√	√	∝	&prop;	∞	∞
∠	&ang;	∧	&and;	∨	&or;	∩	∩	∪	∪
∫	∫	∴	&there4;	～	&sim;	?	&cong;	≈	≈
≠	≠	≡	&equiv;	≤	≤	≥	≥	?	⊂
?	⊃	?	&nsub;	?	&sube;	?	&supe;	⊕	&oplus;
?	&otimes;	⊥	&perp;	?	⋅	?	&lceil;	?	&rceil;
?	&lfloor;	?	&rfloor;	?	&lang;	?	&rang;	?	&loz;
?	&spades;	?	&clubs;	?	&hearts;	?	&diams;

markup-significant and internationalization characters

“	"	&	&	<	<	>	>	?	&OElig;
?	&oelig;	?	&Scaron;	?	&scaron;	?	&Yuml;	?	&circ;
?	&tilde;	?	&ensp;	?	&emsp;	?		?	&zwnj;
?	&zwj;	?	&lrm;	?	&rlm;	–	–	—	—
‘	‘	’	’	?	&sbquo;	“	“	”	”
?	&bdquo;	?	&dagger;	?	&Dagger;	‰	&permil;	?	&lsaquo;
?	&rsaquo;	?/STRONG>	€

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